Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions containing concentrated biologically-active ingredients for treating wastewater in systems such as septic tanks, cesspools, and sewage systems.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound represented by the formula (A) or (B), or a salt thereof capable of improving a red color of pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) and obtaining functions of original PQQ, and to a method of efficiently manufacturing the compound. wherein R is an alkyl group, a hydroxyalkyl group, a dihydroxyalkyl group, or an alkoxyalkyl group.

Abstract: Tanned leather, skin or pelt is produced by non-metal tanning, comprising the step of tanning a bated hide, skin or pelt with a tanning agent (A), the tanning agent (A) being a sulpho-group— containing dichloro-diazine selected from compounds of formula (I) of formula (II) and of formula (III) and mixtures of two or more thereof, wherein R1 signifies hydrogen, methyl, methoxy, benzoyl, naphthoyl, mono- or di(C1-4-alkyl)aminocarbonyl, C1-8-alkoxy-carbonyl or oxy-mono- or oligo-(C2-3-alkyleneoxy)-carbonyl R2-(SO3M)n signifies a radical of formula R3 signifies hydrogen, C1-8-alkyl or C1-8-alkoxy, m is 1 or 2, n is 1 or 2 and M signifies hydrogen or an alkali metal cation or an ammonium cation, the ammonium cation being a protonated tertiary amine or a quaternary ammonium cation, in a tanning bath, the tanning bath having a pH of from 6 to 10 at the beginning of tanning step.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions and methods of using those compositions in treating game meat to prevent spoilage and/or contamination. Also provided are compositions and methods of using those compositions in acidifying the surface of game meat. Compositions provided herein can be used to prevent contamination and/or spoilage of meat. Likewise, compositions provided herein can be used to treat butchered meat to tenderize the meat and/or to prevent the growth of dormant bacteria on freshly thawed meat. Compositions provided herein can be used to prevent or mitigate hair loss from a hide or cape to preserve the quality of the leather.

Abstract: A leather obtained by a (1) pre-treatment before tanning, (2) tanning process where glutaraldehyde is used as a tanning agent, (3) process where a re-tanning agent is used which is constituted by synthetic tannin, resin and aluminum, of which the synthetic tannin is constituted by (a) condensation product of aromatic sulfonic acid with formaldehyde or mixture of aromatic sulfonic acid and condensation product of aromatic sulfonic acid with formaldehyde, (b) methylene cyclic polymer of aromatic sulfonic acid with hydroxy aromatic compound or mixture of aromatic sulfonic acid and methylene cyclic polymer of aromatic sulfonic acid with hydroxy aromatic compound and (c) glyoxal, while the resin is constituted by (a) acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylic acid ester or methacrylic acid ester polymer(s) and mixture thereof, and copolymer(s) thereof or mixture thereof and (b) polycondensation product of melamine with formaldehyde, wherein the re-tanning agent having the aforementioned composition is used to perform

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for reducing the level of free aldehydes in coatings for flexible substrates, such as tanned leather, and substantially aldehyde free substrates. The methods comprise applying to the substrate a composition of one or more aqueous emulsion or suspension composition of an acrylic polymer or silicon containing polymer that is made from, or contains one or more lower alkyl alcohol or degrades on storage or in use to form such an alcohol, and one or more water-insoluble to slightly water soluble aldehyde scavenger compound, followed by drying or curing the applied composition to form a coating. In addition, the methods provide enhanced aldehyde scrubbing, especially for acetaldehyde, by applying to a substrate an aqueous acrylic polymer or silicon containing polymer emulsion or suspension comprising a aldehyde scavenger compound that is substantially deprotonated, i.e. by raising the pH composition to 5.5 or higher.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a process for decreasing and/or drying skins which comprises contacting the skins to be degreased and/or dried with one or more extractor solvents which are able to dissolve both fat and water. Preferably, the extractor solvent is selected from the group consisting of dimethyl ether (DME), methylal, dioxolane, diethyl ether, methyl ethyl ketone, ethanol, propanol, and isopropanol. Most preferably, the extractor solvent is DME.

Abstract: Leather in form of hides or articles of leather or other articles comprised of similarly behaving material is introduced (for purposes of this application all of these articles of leather jointly referred to as “hides”) into rotating drum or stirring vessel or other form of similar device where it undergoes spraying with chemicals and drying to desired humidity to be followed by drying and another treatment of milling in rotating drum.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for tanning animal hides which comprises the steps of: bating and pickling the animal hide in aqueous solution, reducing the liquid content of the animal hide, replacing at least some of the liquid removed from the animal hide in the preceding step by a tanning solution which contains the tanning agent to be imbibed by the animal hide in an amount not exceeding an excess of 80%, and treating the animal hide containing the tanning solution with compressed gas in a pressurized container for a period of at least 15 minutes. Such a process is substantially wastewaterless, optionally even completely wastewaterless, and delivers high-quality through-tanned leathers or furs after short treatment times.

Abstract: Method for manufacturing a protein filling agent for leather utilizing animal hairs. The method includes pre-treating the animal hairs to obtain pre-treated animal hairs, wherein the pre-treating comprises soaking the animal hairs in an inorganic acid solution and a reducing agent solution. Next, the pre-treated hairs are hydrolyzed in an alkaline compound to obtain a viscous liquid and then, neutralized and dried to obtain the protein filling agent for leather.

Abstract: A condensation washer-dryer, in particular, the air-guiding process. The base module is used to receive function parts and components of the air guide and is closed on the rear side by means of a process air cover and forms a plastic, stable support structure for the washer-dryer. The connecting surfaces are large and extend, preferably, over the entire width of the washer-dryer. Due to said embodiment, air guiding channels are formed in a simple manner on the rear side of the base module and the housing of the process air ventilator is closed on the rear side. Sealing elements are no longer required due to said welding of said type of connection and an exceptionally high mechanical rigidity is obtained.

Abstract: A porcine collagen film is made from an extrudable collagen gel. The porcine collagen is essentially sow collagen. The ratio of collagen to fat is usually above 10:1, for example in the range 25:1 to 50:1.

Abstract: A semifinished leather product is produced from an animal hide by pretanning with the use of a chromium-free tanning agent and of a clay mineral which, after stirring for 30 minutes in water at 50° C. at a circumferential rotor speed of from 5 to 25 m/s, has a number average particle diameter of less than 2 ?m or a bimodal particle size distribution with a first, finely divided fraction whose number average particle diameter is less than 0.5 ?m and a second, coarser fraction whose number average particle diameter is less than 5 ?m, determined in each case by the method according to ISO 13320-1, by combined laser light diffraction and light scattering, a proportion of the first, finely divided fraction being from 10 to 90% by weight, and drying of the pretanned animal hide to a water content of from 5 to 45%, based on the total weight of the semifinished leather product.

Abstract: The present invention relates to fatliquoring agents for leathers, skins or hides, which contain neutral halogen-free organic phosphorus compounds, and the use of such fatliquoring agents for the flame-retardant treatment of leather and a process for fatliquoring in the production of flame-retardant leather, skin or hides.

Abstract: An epichlorohydrinamine polymer has a ratio of amine units to epichlorohydrin units of from 0.8:1.2 to 1.0:1.0, dimethylaminopropylamine and benzylamine preferably being used as amine and/or ammonium units. The novel epichlorohydrinamine polymer is used, for example, for the surface treatment of semifinished leather products and textile materials.

Abstract: A method for preserving hides, skins and pelts prior to tanning, without salt-curing. The hides are fatliquored, pickled and dried, all prior to tanning. The method may include the preliminary steps of washing, fleshing, liming and unhairing followed by the steps of fatliquoring, deliming, bating, pickling and drying. The method avoids the environmental damage caused by salt-curing. The treated hides are dry, flexible and readily rehydrated for further processing.

Abstract: Mixtures of (A) from 55 to 65 mol % of erythro-dithiol of formula erythro-IV: and (B) from 35 to 45 mol % of threo-dithiol of formula threo-IV or threo-IV?: and their corresponding alkali metal salts and ammonium salts, are useful for treating animal hides.

Abstract: Horny substances are removed from hides, pelts or skins of dead animals by treating the hides, pelts or skins in aqueous liquor with one or more compounds of the formula I or their corresponding alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts or ammonium or phosphonium salts, the variables being defined as follows: R1 is selected from hydrogen and C1-C12-alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted by one or more S—H or O—H groups; X1 to X4 are identical or different and are selected from hydrogen, C1-C4-alkyl, O—H, S—H and N—HR2, R2 is hydrogen or C1-C12-alkyl or a C1-C4-Alkyl-C?O group, at least one radical X1 to X4 being S—H when R1 contains at least one sulfur atom and at least two radicals X1 to X4 being S—H when R1 contains no sulfur atom.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a genuine leather comprising the steps of Beamhouse, tanning, dyeing, drying and Finishing, wherein anion-emitting material is used in the Finishing step.

Abstract: Methods of preventing or inhibiting putrefaction, degradation, and/or deterioration of a surface of wet animal hide or skin are described. The method can include applying a composition containing at least one minimum risk fungicide to the surface or to a solid, liquid or gas that comes in contact with the surface. Treated hides or skin are further described.

Abstract: A process is disclosed to treat the protein hydrolysate, prepared conventionally from a proteinous source, with alkali metal hydride to obtain alcohol which is subsequently oxidized to obtain aldehyde under certain specified conditions, thereby converting large protein molecules into aldehyde based industrial products of much smaller molecular size.

Abstract: A process of combination tannage is disclosed whereby Zirconium salt is complexed with THP salt to produce wet pink leather without using any conventional dye. The resulting leathers exhibit a shrinkage temperature of more than 100° C., and other properties comparable to those of conventionally processed leathers.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for removing horn substances from animal skin. The method is characterized in that animal skins are treated in an aqueous bath containing between 0.05 and 5 wt. %, in relation to the weight of the salt, of at least one compound of general formula I or the corresponding alkali metallic salts or alkaline-earth metallic salts thereof or ammonium or phosphonium salts.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a synthetic tanning agent is disclosed whereby multi functional polymer is polymerized with sulfonated aromatic compound, pretreated with organic ligand to form an organo-polymeric matrix, which is essentially formaldehyde-free. The product has potential application in leather industry as an eco-friendly approach to chrome tanning by eliminating the conventional pickling process and the related problem of total dissolved solids (TDS) associated with the effluent. The present invention also provides for an exhaust aid for chrome due to its multiple carboxyl groups.

Abstract: A process is disclosed to treat the protein hydrolysate, prepared conventionally from a proteinous source, with alkyl halide to obtain alcohol which is subsequently oxidized to obtain aldehyde under certain specified conditions, thereby converting large protein molecules into aldehyde based industrial products of much smaller molecular size.

Abstract: The invention relates to use of superabsorbent (co)polymers (SAP) as an agent for preservation treatment of animal hides. The SAP is used preferably in conjunction with salt or other hygroscopic agent, in particular 50% NaCl/50% SAP by weight. Suitably treated hides are obtained in 24 hours and one-half less salt is used in comparison to the prior art, disadvantages such as surface brine, salt in slaughterhouse waste, and others being eliminated.

Abstract: The invention relates to a two-step method for dehydrating biological tissues for producing preserved transplants. In a first step, the tissue is partially dehydrated with an organic, water-miscible solvent. In a second step, the tissue is dehydrated further by freeze drying.

Abstract: A process for waterproofing leather (1) includes pressing on the internal surface of the leather (1) at least one semi-permeable membrane (2) whose surface contacting the leather (1) is provided with a glue pattern. The glue pattern of the semi-permeable membrane (2) is preferably thermoadhesive, and therefore the pressing of the membrane on the leather (1) is preferably a hot pressing. Further, the semi-permeable membrane (2) is preferably elastic, non-porous and combined with a support sheet (3). The leather obtained by the process is also provided.

Abstract: Described are a composition and process for the enzymatic tanning of hides utilizing one or more transglutaminases for crosslinking the collagen in the hide.

Abstract: The invention concerns leather finish compositions containing at least an aqueous dispersion of film-forming polymer at room temperature without cosolvent, or plasticizing agent and optionally a cross-linking agent. Said dispersions free of organic solvent provide non-sticky and abrasion resistant coatings with good water resistance. Said dispersions consist of structured polymer particles having one or more soft phases (Tg<20° C.) and one or more hard phases (Tg>60° C.).

Abstract: Disclosed are an emulsifier composition particularly useful for preparing low-fogging, high-exhaust fatliquoring compositions, the thus obtained and preferred fatliquoring compositions and the use of the emulsifier composition and of the fatliquoring compositions in the manufacture of leather.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a suede-like sheet which is characterized in that, in a suede-like sheet comprising primarily ultrafine fiber of no more than 0.3 dtex and polyurethane, said polyurethane employs polymer diol containing 30 wt % to 90 wt % polycarbonate diol, said sheet contains from 20 wt % to 60 wt % of said polyurethane, the average nap length is 300 &mgr;m to 2000 &mgr;m, and the percentage retention of the local fatigue resistance before and after an accelerated ageing treatment is at least 50%, and it also relates to a method for the preparation of a suede-like sheet which is characterized in that, in the production of a suede-like sheet comprising a nonwoven fabric of ultrafine fibre of no more than 0.3 dtex and a polyurethane which employs polymer diol containing 30 wt % to 90 wt % polycarbonate diol, a buffing treatment is carried out after applying an antistatic agent to the sheet.

Abstract: Described is the use of polyisobutene and polyisobutene derivatives as a replacement for raw and refined and optionally chemically modified wool grease and wool grease mixtures in preparations, especially fatliquoring compositions, for leather manufacture.

Abstract: A method for the continuous wet stretching of industrial hides and other similar products comprises the following steps: a) removal of uniformly wetted hides following a treatment with liquids, such as tanning, retanning or the like, b) partial pre-drying of the wetted hides so as to reduce their residual relative moistness to a value between 35% and 65%, c) stretching of the moist hides by means of localised mechanical stresses applied in directions which are substantially perpendicular to the plane of lie of the hides so as to achieve a predetermined increase in surface area, d) drying of the stretched hides until they have a residual relative moistness of between 7% and 30% so as to stabilise and thermally fix the stretched hides. During the wet stretching step, the hides are kept in substantially constant relative humidity conditions.

Abstract: A process for the retanning of iron-tanned leather, comprising applying to iron-tanned leather condensates based on:

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the production of tanned and optionally retanned leather by treatment of an optionally (pre)tanned animal hide or pelt with an aldehyde-based treatment agent (A), wherein the optionally (pre)tanned animal hide or pelt is treated with

Abstract: Dispersion of a desired compounds, in particular a fungicide, in a leather treatment solution is improved by introducing the compound into the solution in the form of a solid tablet or block comprising the compound dispersed in a sparingly water soluble carrier.

Abstract: A leather is provided with enhanced abrasion resistance and improved lubricity properties by impregnating with a ceramic material of globular or generally spherical form. The leather so produced may be used in clothing, footwear, gloves and leather goods.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for reducing dye loss or dye transfer from textile fibre materials or leather in the domestic sector, which comprises treating the textile fibre materials or the leather with a dye-fixing agent based on basic polycondensation products of an amine of formula (1) and a cyanamide, which polycondensation products are completely or partially neutaalised with an inorganic or organic acid, R1, R2, R3 and R4 each independently of the others being hydrogen or alkyl that is unsubstituted or substituted by amino, hydroxy, cyano or by C1-C4 alkoxy and A being alkylene optionally substituted or interrupted by one or more hereto atoms. The present invention relates also to new formulations comprising the dye-fixing agent and to new dye-fixing agents.

Abstract: Tanned leather is (a) pretreated in an aqueous and alkaline medium either with ammonia, primary amines or a mixture of ammonia and primary amines and then with a polyfunctional organic compound containing at least one aldehyde group as a functional group, or (b) in an aqueous and acidic medium with a polyfunctional organic compound and then ammonia, primary amines or a mixture of ammonia and primary amines, and (c) then dyed in an aqueous and alkaline medium with a water-soluble dye containing at least one functional group which is capable of reacting with one of the functional groups of the organic compound, forming a covalent bond. A tanned and dyed leather is obtainable with a high colour intensity, outstanding wet fastness and excellent grain lightness, wherein the dye is permanently and covalently bonded to the leather via a bridging group, preferably in the region of the surface, and the bridging group is essentially bonded to the leather via —N═CH— groups.

Abstract: The invention concerns an auxiliary for liming and loosening hairs of animal skins, containing, in aqueous solution: 10 to 50 wt. % of a polysaccharide solution; 5 to 25 wt. % of a mercapto-carboxylic acid or one of its salts; and 1 to 10 wt. % of a mercapto-alcohol or one of its alkaline salts. Said auxiliary is added during liming of animal skins, to the solution generally containing alkalis, inorganic sulphides or hydrosulphides and anionic or non-ionic surfactants, for standard production of sweatbands.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for lime- and sulfide-free unhairing of skins/hides using animal and/or herbal (plant) enzymes. The process comprises presoaking the skins or hides in water for 2-6 hours, pasting an enzyme solution of animal or plant origin on the flesh or grain side of the skins/hides and leaving the solution on the skins/hides for 10-24 h at a temperature ranging from 10° C. to 60° C. The soaking liquor is removed and the hides/skins to a bath of water containing 1 to 15% of enzyme for unhairing, with or without intermittent shaking, while maintaining the pH of the bath liquor at 4.5-10.0 for 12-24 h at ambient temperature. The skins/hides are then unhaired for further processing. The total elimination of lime and sulfide in the unhairing process leads to reduced TDS (total dissolved solids), BOD (biological oxygen demand) and COD (chemical oxygen demand) in the effluent without affecting the collagen of the skin/hide or the grain pattern.

Abstract: A process for treating animal hides includes spreading the hides (1) to be treated astride respective supporting plates (2) and introducing the plates into a container (10). Afterwards, the container (10) is closed hermetically and set under vacuum. A liquid solution is introduced into the container (10), to treat the hides, in particular to transform fresh animal hides into wet white state. The container (10) is driven into vibration, to make the solution contained in the container (10) move in a continuous and uniform way.

Abstract: A method of preparing an aqueous composition for treating leather comprises adding a predetermined amount of a solid particulate leather treatment composition directly into a predetermined amount of water in a vessel at a tannery; and dissolving or dispersing said solid particulate composition in said water. The solid particulate composition comprises 0.1 wt % or more based on the total weight of said particulate composition of a particulate hygroscopic material. The solid particulate composition is non-dusting in humid atmospheres.

Abstract: An improved method for dying leather with propylene glycol monomethyl ether (PGME) systems comprising adding polyacrylate resin base, C3 and C4 alcohols, and n-butyl acetate and negating the need for teflon dispersions, dibutyl phthalate, and improves the dye penetration, hastens the flash times, improve the dust free time, and improves the tape time.

Abstract: The invention relates to the dehairing (depilating) of animal pelts, hides or skins, more specifically to depilatory paint and depilatory paint (depilation paint) thickener used in the depilation process in for example fellmongeries. The invention provides a depilatory paint thickener comprising a starch containing essentially only amylopectin molecules. Such thickener, is among other things, easily soluble in cold water; improves diffusion of chemicals (like sulfide or lime) throughout the skin; improves viscosity or resistance to shear of a paint, whereby less starch is needed to exert a similar effect; and increases the suspendability of a lime, allowing less time to be used which creates environmental advantages in waste disposal.

Abstract: Soil removal methods, especially non-immersive soil removal methods, and devices employed in such methods for removing and/or reducing soil present on leather articles are provided.

Abstract: Leather is tanned by cross-linking collagen with tris(hydroxymethyl)phosphine or a condensate of a tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium salt with an amide or amine in a main tannage or retannage.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes and systems for treating leather articles, especially lipophilic fluid systems for treating leather articles. More particularly, the present invention relates to processes and systems employing treating agents that treat, for example clean, leather articles without causing damage to the appearance of the leather articles as compared to the leather articles' original appearance prior to treatment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a suede-like sheet which is characterized in that, in a suede-like sheet comprising primarily ultrafine fiber of no more than 0.3 dtex and polyurethane, said polyurethane employs polymer diol containing 30 wt % to 90 wt % polycarbonate diol, said sheet contains from 20 wt % to 60 wt % of said polyurethane, the average nap length is 300 &mgr;m to 2000 &mgr;m, and the percentage retention of the local fatigue resistance before and after an accelerated ageing treatment is at least 50%, and it also relates to a method for the preparation of a suede-like sheet which is characterized in that, in the production of a suede-like sheet comprising a nonwoven fabric of ultrafine fiber of no more than 0.3 dtex and a polyurethane which employs polymer diol containing 30 wt % to 90 wt % polycarbonate diol, a buffing treatment is carried out after applying an antistatic agent to the sheet.