Abstract: The present invention provides an epilatory composition comprising an admixture of a hydrocarbon resin material and a mineral oil in weight ratio of 1.3:1 to 2.8:1, particulate silica, and, a polyethylene in the form of a homopolymer. An advantage of the compositions of the present invention is that they are able to provide good ‘grip’ to the hair to be removed and so provide for effective hair removal properties.

Abstract: A process for leather production from a raw animal hide includes the steps of pre-soaking, soaking, unhairing and liming, re-liming, deliming and bating, pickling and tanning, degreasing, re-tanning, neutralizing, dyeing and fatliquoring, and washing the processed hide. Waste liquid is collected from at least one of the foregoing steps is recycled to at least one of the foregoing steps. The collected waste liquid can be recycled to the same step, to a different step, or to two of more steps in the process.

Abstract: A depilatory composition comprising a source of cyanate ion, an organic acid or a salt thereof and a peroxide compound; and methods of removing hair from the skin using such compositions.

Abstract: An epilatory composition of the adhesive type comprises: a. from 50 to 90 percent by weight of a rosinous material or hydrocarbon resin; b. from 0.5 to 20 percent by weight of water, and c. an emulsifier and/or surfactant. The composition is particularly suitable for heating, prior to application to the skin, in a domestic microwave oven.

Abstract: A depilatory cream composition comprising, a depilatory active, an emollient selected from at least one of mineral oil, silicone oil and emollient esters, and a silicone wax, a talc and/or polyamide resin.

Abstract: A method of removing hair from skin, preferably facial skin, is provided, comprising the steps of: (a) applying a hydrophobic protective composition to an area of skin, preferably facial skin, on which unwanted hair is growing, the hydrophobic protective composition being capable of reducing the penetration of thioglycolic acid by at least 45%, as measured using the Franz Cell Method; (b) applying a depilatory composition to the area of skin to which the hydrophobic protective composition has been applied, the depilatory composition comprising a keratin reducing agent.

Abstract: A topical depilatory made from the juice of a ripe fruit of the Solanum incanum is provided. In use as a hair removal agent, the juice of the ripe fruit of the Solanum incanum is topically applied to a desired region of skin. Preferably, the juice is left on the region of skin for approximately one hour. The juice acts as a natural depilatory agent, and the hair of the region of skin may then be easily removed by combing, rubbing or the like. Preferably, the region is then washed, following the removal of hair therefrom.

Abstract: A free-flowing surfactant composition comprising at least one anionic surface-active agent, an alkanolamide, an electrolyte, and water is described. In particular, the composition is a surfactant composition that has free-flowing non-Newtonian shear thinning properties and the ability to suspend components and is stable under at least one freeze/thaw cycle.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing skin removed from a human donor, removal of cellular components and sterilizing the decellularized skin. The process comprises the following steps: (1) decellularizing the skin including soaking the tissue in a detergent and rinsing same with sterile water; (2) sterilizing the skin with electronic beam irradiation, gamma irradiation or ultraviolet light for a time period to achieve a concentration to maximize sterilization; and (3) processing the tissue by cutting the tissue to a designated size.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a process for decreasing and/or drying skins which comprises contacting the skins to be degreased and/or dried with one or more extractor solvents which are able to dissolve both fat and water. Preferably, the extractor solvent is selected from the group consisting of dimethyl ether (DME), methylal, dioxolane, diethyl ether, methyl ethyl ketone, ethanol, propanol, and isopropanol. Most preferably, the extractor solvent is DME.

Abstract: Cosmetic composition comprising at least one compound from advanced glycation end products (‘AGEs’) and/or precursors thereof as an agent for skin treatment, especially for protection and/or care of the skin. The present invention further provides a cosmetic composition comprising at least one compound from the group of the AGEs and/or precursors thereof, wherein the AGEs are prepared by reacting sugars with the amino acids lysine and/or arginine.

Abstract: A gel composition for removal of unwanted human hair from human skin that is comprised of a mixture of a majority portion of sugar and minor portions of lemon juice and water. The portions of sugar and lemon juice are initially heated to an appropriate temperature over a sufficient duration at which time the minor portion of water is added to the mixture. After adding water to the first mixture, the second mixture with water is heated until a composition of gel-like consistency has been produced. The composition is applied by hand or utensil to a part of human skin with unwanted hair and then covered with an absorbent layer of cloth until the unwanted hair has been dissolved by the composition at which time the cloth is removed from the skin with the composition absorbed therein and unwanted hair attached thereon.

Abstract: An epilatory composition, substantially provided as flat strips, comprises a gel-like matrix material, for example a rosin-based or sugar-based material and, mixed with the matrix material, a particulate material, for example colloidal particles of fumed silica, and a polyethylene in the form of a homopolymer. The particles reduce the tendency of the epilatory composition to flow, under warm ambient conditions with improved efficacy over known epilatory compositions.

Abstract: Disclosed are dispersions of encapsulated particles and methods for their production and use. These dispersions include encapsulated particles and a liquid medium in which the encapsulated particles are dispersed. The encapsulated particles include a carrier particle and an encapsulant deposited on the carrier particle. The liquid medium and the encapsulant are selected so as to be capable of reacting with each other to form a reaction product having a boiling point of no more than 300° C. at atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: A method for preserving hides, skins and pelts prior to tanning, without salt-curing. The preliminary steps of washing, fleshing, liming, unhairing, deliming and bating the hides are followed by the steps of fatliquoring, pickling and drying. The method avoids the environmental damage cause by salt-curing. The treated hides are dry, flexible and readily rehydrated for further processing.

Abstract: A method of preparing a depilatory composition includes placing a quantity of sucrose into a heating vessel. Vinegar and citric acid are added into the heating vessel in the respective amounts of about 30 to 35% and 2.0 to 2.5% of the quantity of sucrose. The sucrose, vinegar and citric acid are stirred to create a mixture. The mixture is heated to about 230 degrees Fahrenheit. The mixture is diluted with water in an amount of 2.0 to 2.5% of the quantity of sucrose. The diluted mixture is cooled to form a soft was a room temperature once the temperature of the diluted mixture reaches about 230 degrees Fahrenheit.

Abstract: A permanent body epilation process comprising a step for skin preparation, for cleansing and degreasing the cutaneous layer of the skin, and a step for the application, by means of a poration machine, of a liquid solution that comprises the active ingredient lauryl isoquinolinium bromide.

Abstract: A method for preserving hides, skins and pelts prior to tanning, without salt-curing. The hides are fatliquored, pickled and dried, all prior to tanning. The method may include the preliminary steps of washing, fleshing, liming and unhairing followed by the steps of fatliquoring, deliming, bating, pickling and drying. The method avoids the environmental damage caused by salt-curing. The treated hides are dry, flexible and readily rehydrated for further processing.

Abstract: A depilatory cream composition comprising, a depilatory active, an emollient selected from at least one of mineral oil, silicone oil and emollient esters, and a silicone wax, a talc and/or polyamide resin.

Abstract: An abcite reinforced leather and a method for producing the abcite reinforced leather for use in making shoes, gloves and garments. Abcite pellets are ground into a fine powder and floated in a carrier so that they penetrate the fiber structure of a tanned skin. The abcite particles bond to the fiber structure and provide enhanced abrasion resistance and tensile strength to the leather. This abcite impregnated leather can be used to make gloves, shoes and garments. Also, abcite powder can be added to the surface to make the surface more durable and abrasion resistant.

Abstract: Depilatory compositions comprising a depilatory agent , fatty alcohol and VP/hexadecene copolymer provide improved resistance to rinsing of the compositions from the skin. The compositions provide for a method of depilation in wet conditions using a tool to apply and remove the compositions.

Abstract: Horny substances are removed from hides, pelts or skins of dead animals by treating the hides, pelts or skins in aqueous liquor with one or more compounds of the formula I or their corresponding alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts or ammonium or phosphonium salts, the variables being defined as follows: R1 is selected from hydrogen and C1-C12-alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted by one or more S—H or O—H groups; X1 to X4 are identical or different and are selected from hydrogen, C1-C4-alkyl, O—H, S—H and N—HR2, R2 is hydrogen or C1-C12-alkyl or a C1-C4-Alkyl-C?O group, at least one radical X1 to X4 being S—H when R1 contains at least one sulfur atom and at least two radicals X1 to X4 being S—H when R1 contains no sulfur atom.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for removing horn substances from animal skin. The method is characterized in that animal skins are treated in an aqueous bath containing between 0.05 and 5 wt. %, in relation to the weight of the salt, of at least one compound of general formula I or the corresponding alkali metallic salts or alkaline-earth metallic salts thereof or ammonium or phosphonium salts.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for lime- and sulfide-free unhairing of skins/hides using animal and/or herbal (plant) enzymes. The process comprises presoaking the skins or hides in water for 2–6 hours, pasting an enzyme solution of animal or plant origin on the flesh or grain side of the skins/hides and leaving the solution on the skins/hides for 10–24 h at a temperature ranging from 10° C. to 60° C. The soaking liquor is removed and the hides/skins to a bath of water containing 1 to 15% of enzyme for unhairing, with or without intermittent shaking, while maintaining the pH of the bath liquor at 4.5–10.0 for 12–24 h at ambient temperature. The skins/hides are then unhaired for further processing. The total elimination of lime and sulfide in the unhairing process leads to reduced TDS (total dissolved solids), BOD (biological oxygen demand) and COD (chemical oxygen demand) in the effluent without affecting the collagen of the skin/hide or the grain pattern.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of alkaline protease using a fungal culture of the order entomophthorales and to the use of the said protease in the pretanning processes of leather manufacture.

Abstract: An anti-pilling treating method is proposed in which protein fiber materials that are constant in quality and have sufficient softness and drape can be stably manufactured. Protein fiber is subjected to cross-linking reaction under weak alkaline conditions of pH 8.5-9.9 at the beginning of the reaction and pH 7.0-7.9 at the end of the reaction by use of a cross-linking agent containing 1 wt % or over of one or more of pyrimidine compound selected from the group consisting of 2,4,6-trichloropyrimidine, 2,6-dichloropyrimidine, 2,6-dichloro-4-aminopyrimidine, 4,6-dichloropyrimidine and 2-amino-4,6 dichloropyrimidine.

Abstract: The invention concerns an auxiliary for liming and loosening hairs of animal skins, containing, in aqueous solution: 10 to 50 wt. % of a polysaccharide solution; 5 to 25 wt. % of a mercapto-carboxylic acid or one of its salts; and 1 to 10 wt. % of a mercapto-alcohol or one of its alkaline salts. Said auxiliary is added during liming of animal skins, to the solution generally containing alkalis, inorganic sulphides or hydrosulphides and anionic or non-ionic surfactants, for standard production of sweatbands.

Abstract: The invention relates to the dehairing (depilating) of animal pelts, hides or skins, more specifically to depilatory paint and depilatory paint (depilation paint) thickener used in the depilation process in for example fellmongeries. The invention provides a depilatory paint thickener comprising a starch containing essentially only amylopectin molecules. Such thickener, is among other things, easily soluble in cold water; improves diffusion of chemicals (like sulfide or lime) throughout the skin; improves viscosity or resistance to shear of a paint, whereby less starch is needed to exert a similar effect; and increases the suspendability of a lime, allowing less time to be used which creates environmental advantages in waste disposal.

Abstract: Collagen membranes are formed from porcine rinds (i.e., pig skins) for us in a variety of applications and, most preferably, for wrapping food products, such as hams and the like. First, after removing skins from the porcine, the skins are promptly frozen. In later processing, the rinds are thawed and then enzymatically defatted. Then, a quick alkalinic hydrolyzation is performed on the rinds. Then, an acidic hydrolyzation is performed on the rinds. The rinds are then ground into a gel-like fluid mass. Finally, the fluid mass is extruded, sheeted and dried into a collagen membrane. The collagen membrane produced can be, in preferred embodiments, used for wrapping food products, such as hams.

Abstract: Collagen membranes are formed from porcine rinds (i.e., pig skins) for us in a variety of applications and, most preferably, for wrapping food products, such as hams and the like. First, after removing skins from the porcine, the skins are promptly frozen. In later processing, the rinds are thawed and then enzymatically defatted. Then, a quick alkalinic hydrolyzation is performed on the rinds. Then, an acidic hydrolyzation is performed on the rinds. The rinds are then ground into a gel-like fluid mass. Finally, the fluid mass is extruded, sheeted and dried into a collagen membrane. The collagen membrane produced can be, in preferred embodiments, used for wrapping food products, such as hams.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for the treatment of hides and skins (3). The hide or skin is placed on a support (1, 2) and sealed to the support around the edges of the skin or hide. A treatment liquor is then supplied under pressure between the skin or hide and the support to distend and stretch the skin or hide to permit the more rapid penetration of the treatment liquor into the skin or hide.