Abstract: Drawn polyester yarn of enhanced strength and improved adhesion properties for reinforcement of elastic structures, such as tires, conveyor belts and the like, is obtained on treatment, prior to drawing, with a water-free or a low water fiber finish comprising an adhesion-promoting substance comprising a halogenated polyether containing at least one 2-halomethyloxyethylene unit and a 2,3-dihydroxypropyl end group.

Abstract: Thermoplastic fabrics are flame retardant treated and optionally heatset and/or simultaneously dyed in a heated flame retardant liquid in which a disperse or acid dye may be dissolved. Flame-resistant fabrics result.

Abstract: Mixtures which contain oxidized polyethylenes and selected quaternary ammonium phosphates are used as textile drawing aids for rendering polyester-containing fiber materials antistatic, smooth and/or soft.

Abstract: Preparation of a novel polyester fiber, such as a poly(ethylene terephthalate) fiber, having at least one continuous groove wherein the surface of the groove is rougher than the surface outside the groove is accomplished through a drafting process involving surface hydrolysis. The fibers have improved cover, softness, and wetting characteristics.

Abstract: There have been provided hard-to-combustion property impartation agents for polyester fibers. The agent is prepared by dissolving an alkyl cyclohexane containing bromine atoms in a solvent and dripping the solution into a liquid to provide an emulsion or dispersion of alkyl cyclohexane containing bromine.

Abstract: A method for treating fibers to obtain treated fibers suitable as a reinforcing material which comprises treating a fiber obtained from a polyester which shows anisotropy in the molten state in an aqueous solution of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of hydroxides, carbonates, bicarbonates, and organic carboxylic acid salts of lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium at 20.degree. to 120.degree. C. for at least one minute.The above-mentioned treatment provides treated fibers suitable as a reinforcing material which exhibit an excellent adhesion to matrices to be reinforced and can give a satisfactory strength to the resulting composite material.

Abstract: The aging period for chemically stabilized, adhesive activated polyester material can be reduced by contacting the material before it is substantially drawn or stretched with a composition containing a defined epoxide compound catalyzed with ions of at least one of potassium, cesium, rubidium or ammonium at a pH of between about 7.5 to about 13.0. The composition preferably also contains chloride, bromide or iodide ions which stabilizes the pH and/or an amine which improves adhesion to rubber.

Abstract: Perfluoroalkyl-alkyl-sulfide or sulfonyl-alkylene esters of meta- and para-pyromellitates, partially esterified with 3-chloro-1,2-propane diol, of the formulae: ##STR1## or mixtures thereof, wherein R.sub.f is perfluoroalkyl of 3 to 18 carbon atoms, andm is 0 or 2, are useful for incorporation into organic polymers to render them oil repellent and soil resistant.

Abstract: Fluorinated esters based on multi-ring anhydride systems are disclosed which have excellent anti-soiling properties, durability and resistance to laundering. The compounds are represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein n is 2 or 3, Q is a linking group such as --CO--, --O--, or (C.sub.a H.sub.2a+2-n --(O.sub.2 C).sub.n, R.sub.f is a fluorinated radical, and R is derived from an epoxide such as ethylene oxide or epichlorohydrin. Also disclosed are polyester and nylon fibers having these compounds incorporated therein, and a process for producing such soil-repellent fibers.

Abstract: An article of manufacture comprising a calcium hypochlorite cake composition in an improved particle retaining means which comprises a water-permeable polyvinyl chloride (PVC) bonded polyester (PET) filter sleeve which envelopes and supports the cake. The filter sleeve is designed to be rigid to avoid collapse in use, wicks water for improved cake contact, and is bleach resistant to insure a long product life.

Abstract: Fluorinated esters based on multi-ring anhydride systems are disclosed which have excellent anti-soiling properties, durability and resistance to laundering. The compounds are represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein n is 2 or 3, Q is a linking group such as --CO--, --O--, or (C.sub.a H.sub.2a+2-n --(O.sub.2 C).sub.n, R.sub.f is a fluorinated radical, and R is derived from an epoxide such as ethylene oxide or epichlorohydrin. Also disclosed are polyester and nylon fibers having these compounds incorporated therein, and a process for producing such soil-repellent fibers.

Abstract: A partially oriented yarn is provided which comprises a polyester resin and a cyclic acetal of sorbitol and an aromatic aldehyde, said cyclic acetal being present in an amount sufficient to reduce undesired fibrillation and frosting of textile materials made from such yarns which have been drawn and textured.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing polyester fibers with good adhesion to rubber is disclosed, characterized in that, in the process of spinning polyester fiber, a spinning oil containing an epoxy compound, an ethylene urea compound, and an ethylene urea compound polymerization catalyst is added, and it is then heat treated.

Abstract: Cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol coated polyester fiber is indigo-dyeable and exhibits wash-down and crocking resistance characteristics similar to indigo-dyed cotton fibers.

Abstract: A fiber finish composition, a process which includes treating polyester yarn therewith and polyester yarn so treated are all disclosed. The fiber finish composition comprises a triglycidyl ether of glycerol; a low viscosity diglycidyl ether having the structural formula ##STR1## wherein R is alkylene or arylene; ethoxylated castor oil; an epoxy silane having the structural formula ##STR2## wherein n=2 to 5; and a solvent. The process comprises the steps of (1) heating the yarn to a temperature of about 150.degree. C. to 230.degree. C. and (2) treating the yarn with the fiber finish composition, preferably utilized as an aqueous overfinish. The yarn is preferably used in tire cords for the construction of pneumatic passenger tires and results in excellent adhesion of tire cord to rubber.

Abstract: Durable excellent water absorption property and antistatic property can be given to synthetic fiber by a simple method. In the method, a polymerization initiator is absorbed in the fiber and then the fiber is applied with a water-soluble polymerizable monomer and heat treated to form a polymer thereon.

Abstract: The invention relates to new copolyester polymers which are high molecular weight copolyesters of terephthalic acid, ethylene glycol, dimer acid and polyoxyethylene glycols and to films, fibers and filaments made from these copolyesters. The copolyesters contain about 2 to 4% by weight of dimer acid and about 1 to 3% by weight of polyoxyethylene glycol. Fibers and yarns processed from these copolyesters have markedly improved affinity for disperse dyes.

Abstract: A continuous, carrierless dyeable polyester fiber and the process for its preparation is set forth. The fiber is produced from a polymer obtained by producing a melt blend system comprising a homogenous blend of (a) not less than 78 percent by weight of poly(ethylene terephthalate) copolymerized with major amounts of a dicarboxylic acid other than terephthalic acid and (b) minor amounts, that is to say, quantities less than that of said dicarboxylic acid, of a homopolymer selected from the group consisting of poly(trimethylene terephthalate), poly(tetramethylene terephthalate), poly(pentamethylene terephthalate), poly(hexamethylene terephthalate), poly(heptamethylene terephthalate), poly(octamethylene terephthalate), poly(nonamethylene terephthalate) and poly(decamethylene terephthalate).

Abstract: Synthetic filamentary yarn comprised of polyethylene terephthalate filaments which are first treated with from about 0.3 to about 0.6 weight percent based on the weight of the yarn of a liquid composition consisting essentially of about 10 to about 20 weight percent of said composition of refined coconut oil, about 10 to 20 weight percent of said composition of a stearic acid ester of a branched chain alcohol having 14-15 carbon atoms, about 3.0 to about 6.0 weight percent of said composition of ethoxylated tallow amine, about 10 to about 20 weight percent of said composition of ethoxylated lauryl alcohol, about 8.0 to about 12.0 weight percent of said composition of sodium salt of alkylarylsulfonate, about 1.0 to about 3.0 weight percent of said composition of dinonyl-sodium-sulfosuccinate, and about 35 to 50 weight percent of said composition of white mineral oil having a boiling point of between 510.degree. F. and 620.degree. F., and then treated with from about 0.7 to about 1.

Abstract: This invention relates to the irradiation of compositions comprising non-ethylenically unsaturated brominated and chlorinated aromatic polyester fibrous materials with low intensity ultraviolet light radiation for relatively brief periods of time under appropriate conditions to yield a product of enhanced solvent resistance. The irradiation of the halogenated polyesters (as defined) generates free radicals within the fibrous material which react to produce sufficient cross-linking to enhance solvent resistance without a significant detrimental change of other product properties.

Abstract: An improved composition is disclosed which consists of organic resins and silanes. The compositions are useful finishing resins for textiles, fibers and paper. An example of the improved composition is a copolymer resin containing at least one type of acrylic acid ester combined with at least one type of unsaturated aliphatic acid and, a silane containing epoxy groups.

Abstract: A polyester yarn is treated, so that it may be dyed in yarn or fabric form to a variegated appearance, by running partially oriented polyester feeder yarn over a surface wetted with a liquid reagent which alters the affinity of the yarn to a disperse dye, followed by drawing or draw-texturing. The surface may be a groove formed across the tip of a capillary tube wherein the groove is wetted by a liquid reagent supplied through the bore of the tube. Intermittent contact between the feeder yarn and the reagent is thereby obtained.

Abstract: A surface modified continuous filament yarn and method for producing same is provided wherein a continuous filament twisted yarn is stretched and, while in its stretched or elongated state, contacted with an effective amount of a swelling agent for a period of time effectively to substantially rupture fibers on the surface of the elongated yarn without effecting interior fibers of the yarn, thereafter quenching the swelling agent and recovering a modified continuous filament yarn.

Abstract: Polyester textile materials having improved flammability characteristics even after repeated washings are made by applying thereto an aqueous solution or organic solvent solution containing at least 0.5% by weight of a material having the structure ##STR1## or mixtures thereof, and drying to deposit thereon from 0.5 to 15% of the material by weight. Fabrics, including both 100% polyester fibers and blends with up to 50% by weight of cellulose triacetate fibers containing fire retardant within the fibers, printed with colored designs using conventional pigment colors free from fire retardants also have their flammability characteristics improved by such treatment.

Abstract: The water absorbency of normally hydrophobic polyester fibers is improved by contacting (e.g., by immersing) these fibers in an aqueous solution of a hydroxyamine selected from the group consisting of monohydroxyamines, dihydroxyamines, and trihydroxyamines, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed is a textile fiber comprised of a poly(oxyethylene)-glycol modified poly(1,4-cyclohexylenedimethylene terephthalate) type polyester containing phosphorus, a stabilizer, an organic titanium compound, and optionally a manganous ion. The fiber exhibits an unobvious combination of commercially acceptable mechanical properties, commercially acceptable lightfastness, commercially acceptable gasfastness, and commercially acceptable dye rate.

Abstract: New dyed copolyesters and their preparation are disclosed.The copolyesters are characterized in that their macromolecular chains include dye moieties chosen from among those of the formulae: ##STR1## in which X is a hydrogen atom or a hydroxy group; X' is a halogen atom; Y is an alkoxy residue, Z.sub.1 is a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom or an alkyl or alkoxy residue and Z.sub.2 is a hydrogen atom or an acylamino residue.These copolyesters can be converted into textile fibers or be used for dyeing of bulk plastic materials and synthetic fibers.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for preparing fabrics which exhibit desirable stain-release, antisoil-redeposition, antistatic and hydrophilic properties. According to this process, a fabric comprised of a fiber of poly(ethylene terephthalate) modified with p-carboxycinnamic acid is contacted with acrylic acid and a free radical initiator under grafting reaction conditions.

Abstract: Polyester fabric is dyed with azo dyes made by coupling an appropriate diazotized aminobenzene into a coupler prepared by reacting 2-chloroacetylchloride or 3-chloropropionylchloride with 2 moles of N-alkyl, N-cyanoalkyl, or N-benzyl-substituted aminobenzene. This class of azo dyes, when appropriately dispersed, produces dyeings on aromatic polyester fabrics with excellent substantivity, outstanding sublimation fastness, and good fastness to light. The dyes are applied to polyesters, such as polyethylene terephthalate, by carrier dyeing, pressure dyeing, and thermofixation methods.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for improving the soil release and wetting properties of a polyester textile material by applying thereto a limited amount of an aqueous solution containing about 0.5 to 2.5% by weight of sodium hydroxide and then contacting the textile material with steam while maintaining a moisture content of at least 35% to remove 0.4 to 2.5% by weight of the polyester. By using this procedure the amount of polyester removed is controlled by the limited amount of sodium hydroxide present while at the same time a substantially uniform product is obtained.

Abstract: Method for producing pilling-resistant fiber products of polyesters containing 0.05 - 5.0 molar percent, based on the acid component, of dicarboxylic acid groups which contain acetal groups and/or of a diol which contains acetal groups, wherein threads and fibers produced from such polyesters, as well as woven fabrics and knits made therefrom, are treated with aqueous acids.

Abstract: Process for obtaining irregular tone-in-tone effects, shadow effects or multi-color effects on polyester fibers and blends thereof by padding polyester fiber-containing warps with sizing liquors which contain in addition to sizing agents alkali-susceptible disperse dyestuffs, with subsequent drying and waving with weft yarn undyed or dyed in a different kind, without prior fixation, which process comprises binding the piece-goods so obtained to a rope, loosely tying them and spraying them with aqueous solutions of alkalis which are free from oxidizing or reducing chemicals, irregularly and unevenly from outside, thermosoling them after opening the rope to fix the dyestuff and after-treating them.

Abstract: Polyester fibers which are characterized by excellent dyeability are produced by spinning a polymer obtained by an ester interchange reaction of 60 to 95% by weight of a polyester, containing at least 95 mol % of ethylene terephthalate units, and 40 to 5% by weight of a polyester containing at least 85 mol % of tetramethylene terephthalate units, wherein the filamentary polymer has a melting point Tm (.degree. C) of Tm.sub.o -5(.degree. C) .gtoreq. Tm .gtoreq. Tm.sub.o -20(.degree. C)(wherein Tm.sub.o is the melting point of the polyester containing at least 95 mol % of ethylene terephthalate unit) and a crystallizing temperature of 170.degree. C or higher.

Abstract: Dyestuffs of the formula ##SPC1##R = alkyl, alkenyl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl andR.sub.1 = alkyl with at least 4 C atoms, alkenyl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl or arylAs well as their preparation and their use for the dyeing of preferably polyester fibers in yellow shades. The dyeings show good fastness properties.

Abstract: Disclosed are epoxy-azido compounds of the formula ##EQU1## WHERE R is a polyvalent organic radical, R' is a hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or aralkyl radical, A is ##EQU2## and n and m are integers from 1 to 100. Also disclosed is the use of said epoxy-azido compounds in modifying polymers, cross-linking polymers, and adhering polymers to certain substrates, e.g. glass and other polymers.

Abstract: This invention relates to a fiber fleece based on synthetic fibers and containing a polymeric organic reinforcing material, and having, at a proportion of polymeric elastic reinforcing material of at least 10 per cent by weight and not more than 80 per cent by weight, calculated on the total weight of a base fleece having a density between 0.1 and 0.28 g/cm.sup.3, a tensile strength of at least 0.01 kg/mm.sup.2, a tear propagation resistance of at least 7 kg/mm (according to IUP 8), and a tensile stress or not more than 0.03 kg/mm.sup.2, measured in a tensile elongation test at an elongation of 10 per cent.

Abstract: Method of coloring an organic material with an asymmetric thioindigoid compound having the formula: ##SPC1##Wherein R is a hydrogen atom or lower alkyl; R' is a member selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, halogen atoms, lower alkyl groups, lower alkoxy groups, sulfonamide group or its derivatives, and aryl sulfonate groups or their derivatives; R" is a hydrogen atom or methyl group; and X is an oxygen atom or sulfur atom. Organic materials colored with the compound have a brilliant nuance with characteristic fluorescence.

Abstract: Disclosed is a textile fiber comprised of an isophthalic acid modified poly(1,4-cyclohexylenedimethylene terephthalate) type basic dyeable polyester. The fiber exhibits a desirable overall balance of properties and an unobvious combination of high basic dye takeup and low disperse dye take-up.

Abstract: Polyesters modified with acid or basic dyestuff acceptors suffer from low intrinsic viscosities and low melting points. By the present invention an insoluble, thermally stable surfactant overcomes the above shortcomings when such surfactant is incorporated into the polyester before, after, or preferably during polymerization.

Abstract: A process for the treatment of natural and/or synthetic fibrous and filamentary materials, including living human hair, which involves applying to the fibrous or filamentary materials a polymeric compound containing at least one poly (oxyalkylene) or polyamide chain and at least one thiosulphuric acid or thiosulphate group. Such compounds having more than one thiosulphuric acid or thiosulphate group are curable and can be used with advantage in textile finishing, for example in the pigment dyeing and printing of fibrous materials including pure synthetic fibres, in application to fibres or fabrics to impart shape stabilisation, in application to keratinous fabrics to impart shrink resist properties and for the flat setting and permanent creasing of fabrics, and to impart antistatic properties to fibres and filaments. Hair may be treated according to the invention to improve its handle and for permanent waving and setting.