Abstract: An air guide box of a paper production installation has a front broad side and a rear broad side, each having a width b. An extension device is attachable to a broad side of the air box guide and has a width of at least 0.25*b and a length of at least 10 mm. A surface thereof is defined with at least one recess having a maximum clear opening of at least 0.1 mm for the through passage of at least one high-pressure water jet or at least one laser beam.

Abstract: A cutting apparatus including a chuck table for holding a workpiece, a cutting unit having a cutting blade for cutting the workpiece held on the chuck table, a cutting water supplying unit for supplying a cutting water to a work portion to be cut by the cutting blade, a pair of vibrating plates provided on the opposite sides of the cutting blade in such a manner that a spacing for forming a cutting water layer is defined between the upper surface of the workpiece held on the chuck table and the lower surface of each vibrating plate, and an ultrasonic vibrator for giving ultrasonic vibration to the vibrating plates.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and device for cutting materials, such as metals, concrete, wood, plastics or any other type of material, by means of a jet of cryogenic fluid at very high pressure with added abrasive, in particular corundum. Materials can be cut using a disk cutter (concrete, stone, metals, etc.), with a saw (metals, wood, plastics, etc.), by laser beam (metals, plastics, etc.), using a plasma jet (metals), using an ultrahigh pressure (UHP) water jet with or without abrasives (any type of material).

Abstract: A hydrofluoroether compound comprises two terminal, independently fluoroalkyl or perfluoroalkyl groups and an intervening oxytetrafluoroethylidene moiety (—OCF(CF3)—) bonded through its central carbon atom to an alkoxy- or fluoroalkoxy-substituted fluoromethylene moiety (—CF(OR)—), each of the terminal groups optionally comprising at least one catenated heteroatom.

Abstract: The invention relates to a collision sensing device which can detect a collision between two or more objects. The collision sensing device comprises a deformable member (5) that defines a space (15) which can be assigned a pressure. In a first condition, the deformable member is undeformed, whereby the space (15) is assigned a first pressure (P1). In a second condition, the deformable member (5) is deformed whereby the space (15) is assigned a second pressure (P2). The pressure in the space is monitored. A collision with an object is detected when the pressure in the space changes from the first pressure to the second pressure. The invention can e.g. be applied in connection with machining, such as water jet cutting, but several other fields of application are also conceivable.

Abstract: Apparatus for removing refractory lining the inside of a cylindrical structure comprising a traveler received within the structure and movable along its length and having a securing means, a rotatable nozzle assembly connected to the traveler, the nozzle assembly comprising one or more nozzle lines each terminating in a nozzle head that rotates, the nozzle assembly being configured in a manner that each nozzle head is suitably spaced from the refractory to be able to deliver a jet of fluid under pressure to the refractory, a nozzle rotation means for rotating the nozzle assembly, and a conduit means in fluid communication with the nozzle assembly suitable for delivering a flow of fluid to the nozzle assembly under sufficient pressure to cut the refractory material lining the structure. A method employing the apparatus for removing refractory.

Abstract: A system for cutting a three-dimensional portion from a foodstuff. The system includes a scanner for scanning the foodstuff, a computer coupled to the scanner for receiving information from the scanner to determine one or more cutting paths for the foodstuff, and a cutter for portioning the foodstuff according to the one or more determined cutting paths. The computer is configured to perform generally four steps: (i) receiving scan information of the foodstuff from the scanner; (ii) building a three-dimensional map of the foodstuff based on the received scan information of the foodstuff; (iii) fitting at least one desired shape, which is stored in memory of the computer, onto the three-dimensional map in the memory of the computer; and (iv) determining one or more cutting paths to be used in portioning the foodstuff so as to produce one or more portioned foodstuffs corresponding to the at least one desired shape.

Abstract: Embodiments of abrasive jet piercing and/or cutting devices are described herein. In some embodiments, a piercing device includes a holding or positioning device coupling a mixing tube to a secondary tube. The holding device has one or more passages extending to at least an intermediate portion of the piercing device. The one or more passages allow air to contact or mix with an abrasive waterjet as it travels through the piercing device. In some embodiments, a cutting device includes two plates configured so as to form a slot between the two plates. The cutting device can be placed directly on a workpiece, and an abrasive waterjet can be directed at the workpiece through the slot. An abrasive waterjet system utilizing the piercing and cutting devices disclosed herein can pierce holes and cut slots in materials that have reduced hole diameters and kerf widths, respectively.

Abstract: A boom is made of telescoping boom sections. A movable cutting nozzle is on the boom and sprays water. In one embodiment, the boom is coupled to the climber section of a platform that climbs a tower. A further beam is mounted on the other side of the hydraulic elevating platform and carries a movable power pack/counterweight. In a second embodiment of the present invention, the device is oriented horizontally and the platform moves horizontally on a rail. In this configuration, the elongated boom has a distal end protruding over the top edge of a dam or other structure. Depending vertically from the boom is another vertical boom carrying the cutting nozzle. This boom travels on the outer boom section of the elongated boom and extends downwardly a distance to allow the device to treat the concrete surface downward from the top edge of the structure.

Abstract: A process and a cutting machine for working of lying work pieces, particularly plates, glass-sheets, etc. on a machine-tool by means of a cutting fluid-jet (3), particularly of a laser-jet or a high-pressure water-jet on a lattice-like support (9). At least one fixed work piece is cut by the fluid-jet (3), especially water jet exiting from at least one first nozzle (2), so that the work piece (1 a) is preferably separated by a cut gap (7) from a rest piece (1 b). The respective working position of the nozzle (2) relative the work piece (1 a) is controlled. For hindering a tilting of the work piece (1 a) and/or the rest piece (1 b) during the processing of the work piece (1 a), border-fixing and distance-holding elements (8) are associated with the cut gap (7) in such a manner, that the neighboring border-fixing and distance-holding elements (8) are arranged from each other in a distance depending on the outline of the work piece (1 a) and/or of a respective length of the cut gap (7).

Abstract: Various embodiments of fluid-jet systems are described herein. In one embodiment, a fluid-jet system includes a table and two bridges that are each longitudinally movable along the table. Each bridge carries a fluid-jet cutting head latitudinally movable along the bridge. The fluid-jet system also includes a first controller operably coupled to the first bridge and the first fluid-jet cutting head. The first controller controls the first bridge and the first fluid-jet cutting head. The fluid-jet system also includes a second controller operably coupled to the second bridge and the second fluid-jet cutting head. The second controller controls the second bridge and the second fluid-jet cutting head independently of the control of the first bridge and the first fluid-jet cutting head by the first controller.

Abstract: The portioning foodstuffs in three dimensions includes generating a three-dimensional map of the foodstuff, and then comparing the generated three-dimensional map of the foodstuff with the desired shape as stored in the memory of a computer. The computer determines the particular cutting path in three dimensions in order to arrive at the predetermined shape. This is followed by cutting in one direction to fix at least one dimension of the foodstuff, determining whether the foodstuff is within the tolerance limits or whether the foodstuff portion has moved during the first cutting operation. If so, the foodstuff is rescanned to generate a two-dimensional image of the foodstuff, followed by cutting the foodstuff to arrive at a portion trimmed along three dimensions.

Abstract: A machine tool 100, in which cut dust is produced and scattered due to the cutting of a work 1 with a tool, includes a cutting liquid jetting device 130 surrounding the work 1 with cutting liquid 10 by jetting the cutting liquid 10 in such a shape that the cutting liquid 10 spreads wider on a lower side than on an upper side.

Abstract: One embodiment of a fluid jet cutting assembly for cutting slots in a hollow workpiece, which may have an inner surface and an outer surface, may include a base. The assembly may also have an attachment mechanism supported by the base. The attachment mechanism may engage and support the workpiece. In addition, the assembly may also have a carrier supported by the base whereby the carrier or the attachment mechanism may be movable on the base along a longitudinal axis. Further, the assembly may have an array of fluid jet cutters extending from the carrier for cutting the hollow workpiece from the inner surface to the outer surface. The cutters may cut the slots in the workpiece in response to the carrier or the attachment mechanism moving along the longitudinal axis.

Abstract: A tool for cutting up coke in containers. The tool includes a housing mounted on a drill stem in the operating condition. The tool also includes at least one cutting nozzle for cutting and a boring nozzle for boring coke by means of a water jet, and a switching apparatus for controlling the feeding of pressurized water flowing through the drill stem and the housing. The switching apparatus includes a linearly moveable switching element, a driving apparatus and a control apparatus, which is rotatable as a function of a change of the water pressure by the driving apparatus to switch a valve to distribute the water and to pass it on. The angular position of the control apparatus controls whether the flow path of the water to the boring nozzle or the flow path to the cutting nozzle is free or obstructed.

Abstract: The subject matter of the invention disclosed herein is a hydro-demolition device and a top-down method for deconstructing structural surfaces. The device includes a rigid support frame mounted above a work-face on the structural surface being deconstructed. The rigid frame supports a cutting nozzles that move up and down along the structural surface. The nozzles may be mounted on a carriage that is movably connected to the rigid frame. The carriage may swing about a swing axis so that the nozzles move axially toward and away from the carriage. The nozzles may be movable toward and away from the work-face. The various movements of the nozzles are effectuated by rotators and drivers.

Abstract: The machining device for machining a workpiece by means of at least one fluid jet comprises a workpiece support (20) for supporting the workpiece and a catch basin (29) for dissipating the energy of the at least one fluid jet after its penetration of the workpiece. The catch basin (29) is arranged in a free-standing manner in relation to the workpiece support (20) in order to avoid the transmission of vibrations from the catch basin to the workpiece support.

Abstract: A system for recycling used tires uses a high-pressure fluid spray head. The spray head comprises a body mounted rotatably about an axis of rotation generally perpendicular to a surface to be treated, and a plurality of outlet nozzles, each suitable for directing a jet of fluid at the surface to be treated. The plurality of outlet nozzles includes at least two outlet nozzles suitable for directing jets of fluid in at least two different directions.

Abstract: Control device and method for controlling the impingement of the workpiece by a water jet or an abrasive water jet in a cutting unit. Control device includes a feeder composed of at least two flow-through areas positionable between a high-pressure water supply and a jet nozzle of the cutting unit. At least one of the flow-through areas includes a high pressure area, and at least one of the flow-through areas includes a pressure-reducing area. At least one switchable valve is arranged in the high-pressure area, a pressure-reducing mechanism is arranged in the pressure reducing area, and an impingement line is coupled to the at least two flow-through areas and coupleable to the jet nozzle.

Abstract: A method of severing a band (11) which encloses a blank stack (10), wherein the band (11), preferably in the region of a band station (19), is severed by a cutting means, in particular a knife (23), and is then removed from the blank stack (10). According to the invention, it is provided that the blank stack (10) is pushed together such that the band (11) is spaced apart from the blank stack (10), at least in certain regions, and that the band (11) is then severed in the spaced-apart region by the cutting means. The invention also relates to a corresponding apparatus for implementing the method.

Abstract: A cutting head for a water jet cutting machine includes a base with a bore and an orifice member having an inlet, an outlet, and a passage extending between the inlet and outlet which increases velocity of fluid flowing through the passage to form a fluid jet. A wear insert has first and second ends, a passage extending between the two ends, the body second end being connected with the base and the body first end supporting the orifice member. A fluid focusing device includes a tubular body with a central passage having inlet and discharge ports, the tubular body being disposable within the base bore such that the body inlet port is fluidly coupleable with the orifice outlet. The tubular body and/or the base are/is configured such that the tubular body is separately positionable at one of a plurality of discrete, predetermined angular positions about the base bore axis.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a cutter frame including a plurality of cutters for cutting one or more kinds of rectangular unit pieces having a relatively small size from a rectangular base material at a predetermined inclination, the cutters being mounted or formed in the cutter frame such that the cutters correspond to the rectangular unit pieces, two of the rectangular unit pieces being arranged mainly in the inclination direction such that the rectangular unit pieces are in contact with each other at one side of each rectangular unit piece, wherein, on the assumption that imaginary vertex coordinates of a leftmost end are (Ax, Ay), and imaginary vertex coordinates of a rightmost end are (Bx, By), when the rectangular unit pieces coincide with each other at a left or right side of each rectangular unit piece, vertex coordinates (B?x, B?y) of the rightmost end are greater than the imaginary vertex coordinates (Bx, By) of the rightmost end based on the imaginary vertex coordinates (Ax, Ay) of the leftmost end in an ar

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a facet cutter used with hydro-demolition equipment in cutting openings in structural surfaces. The facet cutter includes a nozzle head with one or more nozzles. The nozzle head can be placed adjacent a side of the opening where the facet is to be cut. The nozzle head is oriented so that the axes of the nozzles are substantially perpendicular to the desire plane of the face of the facet. High-pressure fluid is applied to the nozzle and the nozzle head is moved over the plane of the facet, thereby cutting the facet. Various axial and rectilinear motions of the nozzle head may be effectuated by various drivers and rotators, at least some of which are controlled remotely by a remote control device.

Abstract: A method is presented for cutting an assembly that includes two layers of material having a first surface and a second surface. The method includes providing a weakened interface between the two layers that defines an interface ring about the periphery of the assembly, providing a high-pressure zone at the interface ring, and providing at least one controllable low-pressure zone in the vicinity of at least one of the first surface and the second surface. The technique also includes supplying the high-pressure zone with a controllable high-pressure force, and attacking the interface ring with at least one mechanical force in combination with the high-pressure force to cut the assembly.

Abstract: High-pressure water jet cutting techniques generate numerous handling problems both for the plates being cut and for cut parts. These problems can be resolved by the device according to the disclosed embodiments. This device includes a plurality of wires held under stress at a predetermined stress level above a plate being cut. These wires intercept a jet cutting the plate. This interception results in the creation of a micro-fastener holding the cut part to the plate. This micro-fastener can be easily broken. The plurality of wires also prevents the boiling effect of water in a cutting pool, this boiling resulting from the impact of the water jet in the pool.

Abstract: A machine for cutting hides and the like and sheet-like material in general, with simplified-access worktable, comprising a footing for supporting a worktable, and cutting elements adapted to be moved on said worktable along the contours of the shapes to be cut, by way of numeric control, wherein the imaginary extensions of three sides of said worktable do not encounter obstacles due to said cutting elements and supports thereof, the fourth side of the worktable being surmounted by a cantilever arm that supports said cutting elements.

Abstract: A support system (10) for stabilizing a high-pressure feed line (15) in a high-speed water jet food portioner, comprising a rigid span assembly (12) connected at one end to an extendable universal joint (40) that provides rotational motion around two axes (36, 37) as well as linear freedom along a third axis (38), and at the other end to a rod-end bearing (17) that permits motion about two axes at a fixed attachment point. The extendable universal joint (40) and the rod-end bearing (17) are each anchored to a fixed point, one on a portioner housing and the other on a cutting carriage such that the rigid span assembly (12) is allowed freedom at one end to move with the rapid and dramatically changing motion of the cutting carriage in order to provide support to the high-pressure feed line (15) mounted thereon, with minimal vibration.

Abstract: A method for portioning foodstuffs in three dimensions includes scanning the foodstuff to be portion, generating a three-dimensional map of the foodstuff, then comparing the generated three-dimensional map of the foodstuff with the desired shape which is stored in the memory of a computer. A computer then determines a particular cutting path in three dimensions in order to arrive at the predetermined shape, followed by a cutting in one direction to fix at least one dimension of the foodstuff, then determining whether the foodstuff is within the tolerance limits. The foodstuff is thereafter cut along its other dimensions to arrive at a portion trimmed along three dimensions.

Abstract: A leafy vegetable having a core end and a leafy end is processed after being harvested. The harvested leafy vegetable is transported to a trim area on a conveyor. A first cutting implement located in the trim area trims a portion of the core end. A second cutting implement located in the trim area trims a portion of the leafy end. The first and second cutting implements are spaced a set distance apart, which defines an amount of the leafy vegetable remaining after the portions of the core and leafy ends are trimmed. As the portions of the core and leafy ends of the leafy vegetable are being trimmed by the first and second cutting implements, a set of one or more nozzles located in the trim area sprays a rinsing liquid on cut sites on the leafy vegetable to rinse off natural juices exuding from the cut sites.

Abstract: A slab shaping system includes a slab shaping device. The slab shaping device includes a cutting device and de-burring device, wherein the cutting device and the de-burring device, respectively cut and de-burr a slab. According to an embodiment, the slab shaping system may include a plurality of spaced apart slab support beams that form at least one slot therebetween. According to an embodiment, the cutting device and de-burring device may be axially-aligned. A method for operating a slab shaping system is disclosed. The method includes the steps of positioning a plurality of slab support beams on a table to form at least one slot; positioning a slab over the slab support beams; positioning a cutting device and de-burring device of a slab shaping device in axial-alignment; and cutting and de-burring the cut in the slab along a length of the at least one slot.

Abstract: A nozzle head, having a feed line for a high-pressurized fluid, a channel for delivering an abrasive substance, with which the fluid can be loaded, as well as a discharge line, from which the fluid, loaded with abrasive substance, can issue, is designed such that the feed line and the channel run parallel or almost parallel to each other, and that the discharge line issues sideways from the nozzle head so as to run at an angle to the feed line.

Abstract: Apparatus for causing paper webs to tear off within rewinding machines, the web (2) being provided, at regular intervals, with transverse perforation which subdivide the web into sheets joined to each other but able to be separated in correspondence of said perforation lines, the apparatus comprising means to cause the tearing of the web (2) upon the passage of a perforation line (p) which separates the last sheet of a log (RO) in the course of formation from the first sheet of the next log to be formed, characterized in that the tearing means are of pneumatic type (SP) able to direct a jet of compressed air toward the line (p).

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide multi-head fluid jet cutting systems and methods of utilizing such devices. A multi-head fluid jet cutting system includes a body having a plurality of fluid jet cutting heads installed therein. Each cutting head receives pressurized fluid from an intensifier and directs the fluid along a jet axis out of a nozzle of the head to form a cutting stream. In some embodiments, an abrasive material can be mixed with the fluid to form an abrasive fluid cutting stream. The body can be mounted to a motion system which moves the body, and therefore the cutting heads, relative to a work piece mounted upon a work bed. Each of the fluid jet cutting heads is coupled to an actuator which can control an on/off state of the cutting head. In some embodiments, an actuator mounting plate is provided to enable mounting of the actuators off of the jet axes.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus provide for delivering a controlled supply of gas to at least one aero-mechanical device to impart a gas flow to suspend a material sheet; preventing lateral movement of the material sheet in at least one direction when suspended; and imparting a stream of water, from a side of the material sheet opposite the at least one aero-mechanical device, to dice the material sheet when suspended.

Abstract: A liquid cutting device employing pressurized working liquid which includes a nozzle assembly. The assembly includes a plurality of liquid jet nozzles, each nozzle of which has a nozzle axis. The plurality of nozzles are arranged so that their nozzle axes intersect at an intersection point located at a predetermined distance downstream from the nozzles. The device also includes an apparatus for delivering the pressurized working liquid to the nozzles. Each of the nozzles is configured to selectably emit a liquid jet operative to cut through a target material. The liquid jets emitted from the nozzles interfere and disperse each other when meeting at the intersection point and the liquid jets are atomized. The device includes a spacer element adjustably mounted onto the nozzle assembly, which increases or decreases the cutting depth of the device. A method for employing the liquid cutting device is also discussed.

Abstract: A profile cutting apparatus comprising: a cutting head supporting a nozzle through which a cutting medium passes, and at least two drives that drive the cutting head to tilt relative to a vertical axis while driving the cutting head to rotate about the vertical axis, wherein the tilt of the cutting head is achieved by the relative difference in motion between the two drives.

Abstract: A method of refurbishing a rotor blade utilizing a waterjet and an apparatus therefore.

Abstract: A waterjet system selectively produces fluid jets for water jet cutting or abrasive jets for abrasive-waterjet-cutting. The abrasive materials in the abrasive jet are determined based on the properties of the workpiece. The waterjet system includes an abrasive delivery system that is capable of delivering either a single abrasive or a plurality of abrasives as an abrasive blend, to a cutting head assembly. The cutting head assembly entrains the abrasive into a fluid jet to form an abrasive jet.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating and manipulating a high-pressure fluid jet includes an assembly coupled to a motion assembly that imparts motion to the assembly along one or more axes. The motion assembly includes two motors coupled together to form a gimbal wrist, each motor having an axis of rotation. The two axes of rotation of the two motors can be perpendicular to each other, but are not necessarily aligned with the manipulator's axes of motion. The high-pressure fluid assembly incorporates a swivel that can rotate about two axes which may be parallel to the two motors' axes of rotation, allowing the high-pressure tubing contained therein to follow the motion imparted by the gimbal wrist of the motion assembly.

Abstract: A cutting device (1) having a cutting head (2) suspended pivotally in an articulate suspension (10) that includes two intersecting or skew rotary axes (4) and (5.) Two actuators (6, 7) are displaceable along linear axes (8) and (9) preferably aligned horizontally or vertically or diagonally, and engage the cutting head (2) via rods (13) and (14). The pivotal movements can be executed and controlled around the axes (4) and (5) by the linear adjustment motions of the actuators (6) and (7.) The cutting head (2) has a plasma cutter (19) and/or a laser cutter and/or a jet cutter and/or a mechanical cutter.

Abstract: A bed slat cap is configured to protect a bed slat in a fluid jet cutting system. A fluid jet cutting system includes a plurality of bed slats, at least some of the plurality of bed slats being protected by one or more corresponding bed slat caps. A bed slat cap may include a hardened material to protect the bed slat. A bed slat cap may include a material softer than the bed slaps to protect the bottom of a workpiece. A fluid jet bed slat may be constructed as a composite assembly including a support portion and one or more fluid jet impingement portions.

Abstract: Apparatus for causing paper webs to tear off within rewinding machines, the web (2) being provided, at regular intervals, with transverse perforation which subdivide the web into sheets joined to each other but able to be separated in correspondence of said perforation lines, the apparatus comprising means to cause the tearing of the web (2) upon the passage of a perforation line (p) which separates the last sheet of a log (RO) in the course of formation from the first sheet of the next log to be formed, characterized in that the tearing means are of pneumatic type (SP) able to direct a jet of compressed air toward the line (p).

Abstract: A method for drilling or cutting a pin surrounded by solid material includes the use of a water jet tool having a nozzle that is arranged at an angle with respect to a main body of the water jet tool. The water jet is directed over a portion of the surface of the pin, and removes that portion thereby fragmenting the pin. In order to minimise damage to the surrounding material, the portions removed touches the interface between the pin and the surrounding solid material at a minimal number of points and over a minimal extent of the interface. The method is applicable in particular to the removal of pins used in a press-fit for the securing of blades on a turbine rotor. The method facilitates “in situ” removal of pins within a confined space in a short time and at reduced cost.

Abstract: A method of machining a solid material using a water jet discharging from a nozzle is specified, wherein the water jet contains ice crystals and impacts on the solid material. In this case, a medium which is gaseous under standard conditions is dissolved in water at a mixing stage under pressure (1-150 bar) and is then compressed to 1000-4500 bar and pressed through a nozzle, under conditions which allow the dissolved gaseous medium to bubble out after leaving the nozzle, whereupon the heat of solution is withdrawn from the water and the ice crystals are formed.

Abstract: A fluid jet based micromachining device and method include a workpiece, and fluid jets directing synchronized forces at the workpiece so as to converge forces at a dynamic contact zone on the workpiece and provide mechanical support to the workpiece during periods of contact with the fluid jets.

Abstract: Apparatus for causing paper webs to tear off within rewinding machines, the said web (2) being provided, at regular intervals, with transverse perforation which subdivide the web into sheets joined to each other but able to be separated in correspondence of said perforation lines, the apparatus comprising means to cause the tearing of the web (2) upon the passage of a perforation line (p) which separates the last sheet of a log (RO) in the course of formation from the first sheet of the next log to be formed, characterized in that the said tearing means are of pneumatic type (SP) able to direct a jet of compressed air toward the said line (p).

Abstract: In one embodiment of the present invention, equipment for making holes by cutting in walls etc. is disclosed in case of fire in spaces in buildings etc. for fire fighting. The equipment includes a vehicle-mounted pressure source for pressurised extinguishing liquid, a lance carried by the operator with his hands and provided with an extinguishing nozzle, and a tubing between the pressure source and the extinguishing nozzle for supplying the extinguishing liquid. The extinguishing liquid flows as a jet out of the extinguishing nozzle and towards the wall etc. to cut the wall for making the hole and, when cutting through, be injected into the space on fire and extinguish the fire. The equipment also includes a vessel carried by the operator on his back and containing an additive, the vessel being connected to the extinguishing nozzle for regulated supply of the additive to the extinguishing liquid for improving the cutting and/or extinguishing effect.

Abstract: Regarding a singulation apparatus for singulating a resin encapsulated substrate to manufacture an electronic component, the present invention brings about shortening the delivery period, reducing the footprint, and reducing the cost in compliance with a specification requested by a user. A singulation apparatus for an electronic component has: a basic unit including a receiving unit, singulation unit, and delivery unit; a cleaning unit mounted between the singulation unit and the delivery unit; and an examination unit mounted on the cleaning unit. The singulation unit is appropriately selected in accordance with the requested specification by the user, and a cutting mechanism used in the singulation unit has a rotary blade, water jet, laser light, wire saw, band saw, etc. The cleaning unit and examination unit, both mounted on the basic unit, are each appropriately selected and mounted in accordance with the requested specification by the user.

Abstract: A cutting apparatus cuts a lateral wall of a manhole to form a hole on the lateral wall of the manhole. A circular pipe is harmonized with a main pipe and fixedly disposed therein. A rotary ring configured so as to be able to rotate along the periphery of an opening in the manhole about the axial center of the main pipe is mounted on the circular pipe. A pressurized fluid material or pressurized granular material is sprayed from a nozzle held in the rotary ring. The rotary ring is rotated and the lateral wall of the manhole is cut through along the periphery of the opening in the manhole by the fluid material or granular material sprayed from the nozzle. Since the cut portion is shaped as a circle symmetrical about the axial center of the main pipe, it is possible to form a circularly shaped cut-through part centered along the periphery of the opening in the manhole without accidentally breaking or damaging the lateral wall thereof.

Abstract: A main pipe is lined using a pipe lining material that blocks the opening of a lateral pipe branching from the main pipe. An in-pipe work robot is provided with a cutting nozzle for spraying a pressurized fluid material or pressurized granular material onto the pipe lining material of the main pipe. The cutting nozzle is moved to a predetermined position inside the main pipe and rotated about a vertical axis by a rotary mechanism to cut the lining material between the first and second pipes by the pressurized fluid material or pressurized granular material sprayed from the cutting nozzle in order to form an opening for communicating the main pipe with the lateral pipe. The cutting nozzle can be moved in desired positions to drill holes accurately without damaging the internal peripheral surface of the lateral pipe.