Abstract: A vibration output apparatus (1) includes a vibration transmission member (20), an acoustic vibration output unit (10), and a cushion (30). The vibration transmission member (20) is formed by integrating a body plate (21) and a support portion (22). The support portion (22) is in contact with a vibration plate (100) and supports the body plate (21). The body plate (21) has an opposite surface (21a) opposite to a vibration surface (100u) of the vibration plate (100) and forms an opposite space (S1) between the vibration surface (100u) and the opposite surface (21a). The acoustic vibration output unit (10) is disposed on a rear surface (21b) of the opposite surface (21a) of the body plate (21) and is configured to output an acoustic vibration. The support portion (22, 23) is not in contact with the cushion (30).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel process for preparation of camptothecin and of its derivatives by convergent synthesis starting from a 3-(aminomethyl)quinoline derivative and 5-hydroxy-5-ethyl-6-oxo-5,6-dihydropyrancarboxylic acid and to the intermediates obtained.

Abstract: A loudspeaker comprising a bending wave panel, an enclosure in which the bending wave panel is mounted to enclose one face of the panel, a compliant suspension between the panel and the enclosure by which the panel is supported in the enclosure, a vibration exciter attached to the panel to apply bending wave energy thereto, and an acoustic absorber in the enclosure to reduce standing waves in the enclosure, wherein the compliant suspension and the acoustic absorber are integral. A method of making such a loudspeaker is also disclosed.