Abstract: In order to reduce fluid consumption, a fluid return apparatus is provided for a double-acting cylinder having a first fluid connection for supplying fluid to a first cylinder chamber of the cylinder and a second fluid connection for supplying fluid to a second cylinder chamber at a piston rod-side of the cylinder. The fluid return apparatus comprises a first fluid passage providing fluid communication between the first fluid connection and the first cylinder chamber; a rapid venting valve comprising an inlet providing communication with the second fluid connection; an outlet providing communication with the piston-rod-side second cylinder chamber; a vent of the rapid venting valve, connected by a second fluid passage to the first fluid passage; and a non-return fitting in the second fluid passage, which prevents fluid from flowing from the first fluid passage to the rapid venting valve and an auxiliary outlet device.

Abstract: A press machine is provided. Two vertical hydraulic cylinders are arranged on an upper beam plate of a press machine body, and the two hydraulic cylinders correspond to workbenches at corresponding positions in a one-to-one correspondence, constituting left and right working units, and a common mechanical drive unit and a common hydraulic drive unit are set for the left and right working units. The mechanical driving unit is composed of a driving motor through an electromagnetic clutch, an electromagnetic brake and lead screw nut driving mechanism driven by a gear pair. According to the load profiles during the working process of hydraulic press machine, the mechanical driving unit or the hydraulic driving unit are selected to provide energy for the two working units. A control method for the press machine, a press machine execution system and a control method for the press machine execution system are further involved.

Abstract: A hydraulic cylinder may include a housing having a rod end and a cap end and the cap end may include a snubbing bore. The cylinder may also include a rod having a working end outside the housing and extending through a rod end of the cylinder to a piston end. The cylinder may also include a piston arranged within the housing on the piston end of the rod and configured to articulate within the housing between the rod end and the cap end. The piston may have a longitudinal bore extending into a cap side of the piston and the bore may include a retainer lip. The cylinder may also include a snubber configured for engaging the snubbing bore of the cap end when the piston approaches the cap end of the housing. The snubber may have an annular flange configured for retention by the retainer lip.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hydraulic actuator comprising a cylinder (1) in which a piston (2) secured to a rod (4) is mounted so as to slide in a sealed manner in order to delimit in the cylinder a hydraulic extension chamber (5) and a hydraulic retraction chamber (6) that are connected to respective ports, the hydraulic actuator comprising means for slowing the piston when the piston approaches a retracted position. According to the invention, the slowing means comprise first and second hydraulic lines (7, 8) extending between the extension port and the extension chamber, the first hydraulic line comprising a seat (13) while the piston bears a retractable finger (10) having an end (14) that comes to bear against the seat in order to close the first hydraulic line (7) when the piston approaches the retracted position, such that only the second hydraulic line (8) remains open while the piston completes its travel towards the retracted position. Landing gear and aircraft comprising such an actuator.

Abstract: A tool includes at least one motor, and a pump connected to the motor, a work cylinder in fluid connection with the pump and an actuable tool component connected to the work cylinder. The pump and the motor are arranged directly adjacent on a common singular motor and pump shaft, without any intervening coupling, transmission or the like. An assembly of a motor and a pump on a common shaft.

Abstract: A piston structure body includes: a piston that includes a through hole, an inner circumferential portion, and an outer circumferential portion, the through hole being a hole that is formed to penetrate the piston axially through a center of a first face that is an end face on one end side in an axial direction, the inner circumferential portion defining the through hole and connected to the first face, the outer circumferential portion disposed to surround the inner circumferential portion and connected to the first face; and a piston rod that is inserted through the through hole. A first end face that is an end face of the inner circumferential portion on a back face side of the first face is positioned more closely to the first face than a second end face that is an end face of the outer circumferential portion on the back face side.

Abstract: A hydraulic buffer pertains to the field of hydraulic parts. A signal device (X) is installed at a position close to an end of a cylinder stroke to control movement of slide valves (12, 18, 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d, 12e, 12f, F1, F2, F3, F4) of the hydraulic buffer, to dynamically adjust the degree of valve openness and a liquid flow direction of a buffering module (Y), and therefore control pressure of oil entering an oil returning chamber of a cylinder. The high-pressure chamber of the cylinder releases pressure and unloads, and/or the oil returning chamber throttles to load pressure, such that a moving speed of a cylinder piston (6) at the end of the stroke is controlled, realizing buffering of the cylinder.

Abstract: On inner wall surfaces of a head cover and a rod cover of a fluid pressure cylinder, respective pluralities of first and second spigot pins are installed to project out from the inner wall surfaces. The first and second spigot pins are disposed on circumferences of a predetermined diameter that internally contact or inscribe the cylinder tube. Further, when the cylinder tube is assembled with respect to the head cover and the rod cover, by the flange members of the first and second spigot pins inscribing the inner circumferential surface thereof, the cylinder tube is positioned and assembled coaxially with respect to the centers of the head cover and the rod cover.

Abstract: A fluid pressure cylinder includes a cushion bearing provided movably on an outer periphery of the piston rod; a flange portion provided on the piston rod by facing the piston with the cushion bearing between them; and a collar provided movably in a radial direction on the outer periphery of the piston rod between the cushion bearing and the flange portion. End surfaces of the cushion bearing and the collar are inclined symmetrically to a center axis of the piston rod, and end surfaces of the flange portion and the collar are formed having plane shapes crossing the center axis.

Abstract: A hydraulic cylinder includes: a cylinder tube; a piston; a piston rod; a pair of end covers; and a snubbing mechanism configured to reduce the moving speed of the piston after the piston reaches the vicinity of the end of its stroke. The snubbing mechanism includes: a supply/discharge port formed in an associated one of the end covers; a valve configured to open and close the supply/discharge port; a connector configured to connect the valve and the piston together; and at least one recess extending from the edge of the supply/discharge port. When the piston approaches the end of its stroke, the valve closes the supply/discharge port to form a throttle oil passage, and hydraulic oil is discharged through the throttle oil passage to reduce the moving speed of the piston.

Abstract: The present application discloses a hydraulic oil cylinder, of which a piston rod (3) is provided with at least two cushion collars (4, 11) which are axially slidable along the piston rod (3). Axial throttle oil channels (301a, 301b) are provided between the cushion collars (4, 11) and a piston (6). A first cushion collar (4) is provided with a sealing end face (401), and an end cover of a rod cavity (1) is provided with a sealing end face (101). The sealing end face (401) of the first cushion collar contacts with the sealing end face (101) of the end cover of the rod cavity to form a seal. Hydraulic oil within the rod cavity is discharged through one axial throttle oil channel (301a) to an oil passage B.

Abstract: A body-side cushion structural body attached to a body and a piston-side cushion structural body integrally moving with a piston are disposed outside the body, a cushion rod is disposed on either one of the cushion structural bodies, while a rod fitting hole is disposed in the other cushion structural body, a cushion packing is disposed at a spout portion of the rod fitting hole, and moreover, a throttle valve that discharges air in the rod fitting hole to the outside with flow-rate adjustment is disposed so as to configure an air cushion mechanism that stops the piston in a buffering manner.

Abstract: A gas spring for forming equipment, a piston rod for the gas spring, and a shock collar for the gas spring carried by the piston rod. The shock collar may be resiliently flexible, and plastically deformable so as to at least partially collapse, and the piston rod may include features to disrupt a gas spring seal upon at least partial collapse of the shock collar.

Abstract: The invention relates to an energy-efficient apparatus driven by compressed air and equipped with a dual piston function for tensioning, or clamping, or centering, or punching, or welding, or clinching, for use in body construction in the automotive industry. The apparatus is driven by a pressurized fluid, in particular by compressed air. It is shown how a significant amount of operating costs can be saved while, at the same time, conserving the environment and consuming a low amount of pressurized fluid, in particular compressed air. In addition, the pivoting angle of a toggle joint assembly and thus of an apparatus connected thereto, for example, a tensioning arm of a toggle tensioning apparatus, can be continuously adjusted in both directions while, at the same time, adjusting a sampling device using sensors, for example, microswitches, or inductive switches, or pneumatic switches, or limit switches.

Abstract: A hydraulic cylinder cushion device installed in a hydraulic cylinder provided, in which a rod performs reciprocating movement in a cylinder tube, and which discharges high-pressure hydraulic fluid that is formed in pressure chambers between a piston and a head cover and between the piston and a cover end during a stroke-end operation. The hydraulic cylinder cushion device includes a check ring which is installed in a groove provided on an inner surface of the head cover or the cover end, and moves to one side in the groove so as to close a flow path during rushing into a stroke end while it moves to the other side in the groove so as to open the flow path during an initial operation in the stroke end.

Abstract: A cushioning system for a pneumatic cylinder powered differential engine door opening and closing device for use in passenger transportation vehicles wherein the cushioning initiation point can be adjusted. This cushioning initiation point is adjusted through the use of a linearly adjustable slider member within the large cylinder. The slider is linearly adjustable through the use of an adjustment screw located outside of the pneumatic cylinder and allows one to adjust the time and the mode of the opening/closing of power doors, without disassembly of the cylinder, and significantly improve the safety of the passenger.

Abstract: The invention demonstrates how energy saving working cylinders are loaded with fluid under pressure in order, for example, to power devices for tensioning (toggle joint tensioning apparatus), and/or compressing and/or jointing and/or stamping and/or embossing and/or punching and/or welding, if necessary, under the interposition of gearing parts such as guides, parallelogram gears, toggle joint articulations or the like, with the fluid supply being controlled in such a way during the no-load stroke (idle stroke) of the piston (4) that only the forces of inertia and/or weight and/or the forces of friction of moveable parts are overcome and pressure is not applied from the fluid until the power stroke of the piston (4).

Abstract: A fluid pressure operated actuator device, comprising: a body defining a first chamber (2) comprising an inlet in fluid communication with a pressurised fluid source (1); and a moveable element (5) mounted in the first chamber, the moveable element comprising an operative end (4) and partition means (3) configured to separate a first region of the first chamber comprising the inlet from a second region of the first chamber opposed to the first region during use of the device, the moveable element being moveable relative to the body between an extended configuration and a retracted configuration, with movement from the retracted configuration to the extended configuration occurring in response to a pressure differential across the partition means, wherein the actuator device includes a first passageway (7) for allowing passage of fluid from the pressurised fluid source to a second chamber (9) in the operative end of the moveable element, and a second passageway (8) for allowing passage of fluid from the second

Abstract: A hydraulic cylinder cushion device installed in a hydraulic cylinder provided, in which a rod performs reciprocating movement in a cylinder tube, and which discharges high-pressure hydraulic fluid that is formed in pressure chambers between a piston and a head cover and between the piston and a cover end during a stroke-end operation. The hydraulic cylinder cushion device includes a check ring which is installed in a groove provided on an inner surface of the head cover or the cover end, and moves to one side in the groove so as to close a flow path during rushing into a stroke end while it moves to the other side in the groove so as to open the flow path during an initial operation in the stroke end.

Abstract: A working cylinder with end position damping which has at least one telescoping damping pin, which upon the approach to the corresponding end position of the piston plunges into a receiving opening, which closes off a damping chamber and forms a damping element, in an end part of the working cylinder or in the piston.

Abstract: Hydraulic actuating device comprising a first and a second hydraulic actuator, which actuators have a first and a second connection for the supply and discharge of hydraulic fluid, which connections are in communication with a first and a second chamber, respectively, by way of a first and a second opening, respectively, in the cylinder space. The first opening of the second hydraulic actuator is in communication with the first opening of the first hydraulic actuator. The second opening of the second hydraulic actuator is in communication with the second opening of the first hydraulic actuator via a third connection. The third connection is in communication with the cylinder space in the first hydraulic actuator via a third opening. Damping means are achieved by a restriction of the outflow of hydraulic fluid via the second opening before the piston/piston rod assembly reaches the second end position.

Abstract: A system is used with a boom pivoted on a frame about a horizontal pivot axis between raised and lowered positions by a first fluid ram joining the frame and the boom. A releasable locking mechanism locks the boom relative to the frame to prevent pivotal movement of the boom about its horizontal pivot axis. A second fluid ram is disposed between the frame and the boom, the second fluid ram compressed between the frame and the boom when the boom is adjacent the raised position, but prior to the boom achieving a latched position substantially coinciding with the raised position. A fluid circuit of the second fluid ram has two selectable pressure levels. The first level substantially prevents the boom from achieving the latched position, the second level permits the boom to achieve the latched position while providing fluid cushioning to dissipate impact forces between the boom and frame.

Abstract: A pneumatic cylinder having a cushioning valve assembly. A tubular body is capped by a pair of cylinder heads. A hollow cylinder rod having a piston assembly and cushioning valve assembly is seated within the tubular body for reciprocating action therein. The piston assembly is formed of a piston having a bore passing longitudinally therethrough and a cylindrical collar. The collar is mounted about the outside of one end of the hollow cylinder rod and the piston caps the end. The cushioning valve assembly comprises an elongated rod having a cushion piston at one end and a head at the other and is seated within the bore of the piston, such that the cushion piston is fitted within the interior of the hollow cylinder rod.

Abstract: A hydraulic cylinder comprising a cylinder, a piston which is adjustable in the cylinder, and at least one pressure connection which is disposed in the vicinity of an end position of the piston and through which a pressure fluid can be introduced into the cylinder, is characterized in that the piston is provided with a valve element which can cooperate with the pressure connection, in order to cover the pressure connection when the piston approaches its end position, and in order to uncover the pressure connection when pressure fluid is introduced into the cylinder.

Abstract: A piston chamber assembly has a chamber and a piston slideably received in the chamber. The piston has a first side and a second side. A first inlet communicates air into the chamber on the first side while a second inlet communicates air into the chamber on the second side. An actuator is moveable between a first position and a second position. The actuator selectively opens and closes the first inlet and the second inlet. In the first position, the actuator closes the second inlet and opens a first inlet while in the second position the actuator opens the second inlet and closes the first inlet. The actuator is coupled to the piston, which drives the actuator between the first position and the second position.

Abstract: A hydraulic control device having a hydraulic actuator with a cylinder space, in which a piston is accommodated. In the cylinder space the piston bounds a first chamber and second chamber. The housing is provided with a first and a second connection for the supply and discharge of hydraulic fluid, in communication with the first and the second chamber by way of a first and a second opening. The damping means are achieved by the fact that the piston is provided with shut-off means, which are designed to shut off the second opening of the cylinder space before the piston/piston rod assembly reaches an end position. The hydraulic actuator is further provided with a third connection, which by way of a third opening is in communication with the second chamber in any position of the piston. The hydraulic control device further comprises a throttling facility.

Abstract: A reciprocating compressor includes a linear motor having a piston reciprocating inside a cylinder. A cylinder head is provided with suction and discharge orifices. A valve means is mounted inside the cylinder and has an operative position, seated against the discharge orifice. The operative position is defined when the top of the piston is within a certain distance from the cylinder head. The distance is defined, so that, at the end of the compression stroke of the piston, a determined pressure is reached inside the cylinder, and the pressure results in a force on the piston. The force is opposite to a force which is impelling the piston and which is sufficient to interrupt its compression stroke before impacting the cylinder head.

Abstract: A piston deceleration system includes an elongated piston shaft having an intermediate stop member and a second stop member formed thereon. A piston member is slidably seated on the elongated shaft between the intermediate stop member and the second stop member. A tank member is provided having a first end surface with a first opening and a shaft aperture formed therein and a second end surface having a second opening formed therein. The piston shaft is slidably positioned into the tank member through at least the first end surface shaft aperture. A shaft shock absorbing member is positioned between the intermediate stop member and the piston member on the piston shaft, and a piston shock absorbing member is positioned between the piston member and the second end of the tank member.

Abstract: A pressure medium-actuated working cylinder axially displaceable between two end positions in a cylinder space, with opposite changes in, the volumes of two cylinder chambers on its two sides. A damping element is arranged on one side of a piston. A passage aperture is located between one cylinder chamber and a cylinder connection when the piston runs into one end position forming an annular throttle gap with the passage aperture for outflow of pressure medium. For a high damping capacity, the outer surface of the damping element is shaped to have a maximum diameter at the beginning of the passage aperture and, after a surface section, a small diameter, A middle diameter lies between the maximum diameter and the small diameter.

Abstract: A piston deceleration system includes an elongated piston shaft having an intermediate stop member and a second stop member formed thereon. A piston member is slidably seated on the elongated shaft between the intermediate stop member and the second stop member. A tank member is provided having a first end surface with a first opening and a shaft aperture formed therein and a second end surface having a second opening formed therein. The piston shaft is slidably positioned into the tank member through at least the first end surface shaft aperture. A shaft shock absorbing member is positioned between the intermediate stop member and the piston member on the piston shaft, and a piston shock absorbing member is positioned between the piston member and the second end of the tank member.

Abstract: A hydraulic cylinder in which a recess (21) is formed in a piston rod (3) side end surface (20) of a piston (4) so that the recess (21) serves as an axial fitting portion, and an end of the piston rod (3) is fitted into the recess (21) of the piston (4) to ensure the coaxial relationship between the piston rod (3) and the piston (4). Axial threaded holes (24) are formed in an end surface (23) of the piston rod (3) and axial bolt through-holes (25) are formed in the piston (4). The end surface (20) of the piston (4) is disposed in face-to-face contact with the end surface (23) of the piston rod (3), and under the condition bolts (22) are inserted through the bolt through-holes (25) and screwed into the threaded holes (24) to fix the piston (4) to the piston rod (3). Accordingly, the strength of a piston connecting portion can be improved with a simple structure without use of any special high-strength material for the piston rod and without any special heat treatment.

Abstract: A pneumatic cylinder provided with a damping device to decelerate the piston inside a piston chamber at an end of its working stroke, while reducing the impact forces. The damping device comprises a restricted flow path for the fluid and a closing member for an inlet-outlet port which is supported by a helical spring extending from one end of the piston; an open cavity at the front end of the piston is designed to receive the closing member and/or the helical spring during damping at the end of the working stroke. Axially extending guide for the closing member are provided inside the piston chamber.

Abstract: A pneumatic piston-cylinder apparatus of single acting type which performs a working stroke in one working direction, and is returned to its initial position without any external supply of compressed air comprising a cylinder part with cylinder jacket (1), a front end (2), a rear end (3), and a piston (5) which is reciprocatable in the cylinder. Connected to the rear end (3) is a supply of compressed air and within the cylinder is a return channel (10) used for draining the air on the unloading side of the piston.

Abstract: A pressure medium driven device has a cylinder having a cylinder tube, means forming a discharge outlet for a pressure medium, a piston movable in the cylinder over a stroke having a stroke end which is dampened by a counter pressure generated by throttling the pressure medium within a dampening area prior to its dissipation into the discharge outlet, a piston ring held between the piston end the cylinder in the dampening area and used as a throttle, a dampening sleeve provided in the cylinder for guiding the piston into an end position, the piston ring extending under the action of internal tension beyond a piston diameter and expanding to a maximum internal diameter of a cone, the dampening sleeve having an internal cone causing a progressive dampening, the piston ring having a slit with a minimal width in the cylinder tube, the dampening sleeve being provided in the dampening area with radial boreholes which duct the pressure medium into longitudinal slots from which it reaches the discharge outlet.

Abstract: An end dampened working cylinder for a fluid which serves as a fluid power medium for transmission of energy, the working cylinder comprising a main piston; control plungers carrying ring magnets and mounted on both sides of the main piston; springs form-locking the control plungers with the main piston and piston rod; sensors incorporated in a topside end and a bottom end and reacting to a contactless magnetic field, so that on approaching the ring magnet but at least on reaching a sealing rest position of the control plunger at each of the end stops a signal of a respective one of the sensors is generated and serves for controlling the fluid power, the control plungers sliding along the piston rod so as to provide adjustable and guaranteed sealing, outlet channels and a throttled flow-off channel, the control plungers serving as a shut-off component and valve for the outlet channels, so that when the control plungers rest on the topside end and the bottom end a dampening space is formed, from which a dampen

Abstract: A double-acting pneumatic cylinder is characterised by the provision of a pair of sealing elements respectively located on either side of the piston by means of rods slidably mounted in longitudinal bores formed in the piston. At the commencement of the cylinder's in-stroke, the rod and its associated sealing element is in an extended position and serves to seal off the main exhaust port while the piston is still relatively distantly located from the end of its in-stroke. During further in-stroking the piston, air can therefore exhaust only through the auxiliary exhaust port and the motion is thus cushioned. The out-stroke of the cylinder is similarly cushioned over a relatively large distance by virtue of the sealing element adopting an extended position and closing off the main exhaust port, the air exhausting through the auxiliary exhaust port.

Abstract: A slidably attachable, automated means for opening and closing the die halves of a casting machine. Cylinders are provided having integral vertical side grooves for mounting on said casting machines and the like. The preferred hydraulic cylinder has a hollow piston rod connected to the piston and projecting from one end of the cylinder. A fluid flow line movable within the cylinder projects from the other end of the cylinder and slidably passes through the piston into the piston rod. Separate elements contact the piston at opposite ends of its stroke to move the fluid flow line and switch the fluid flow in the cylinder.

Abstract: A single acting, spring return hydraulic cylinder suitable for use as an actuator of a portable cutter or the like. A piston slidably received in the cylinder has formed therein a hollow and a hole communicating the follow with a fluid chamber on one side of the piston. For discharging the fluid from the fluid chamber through a discharge port in one end of the cylinder upon full extension of the cylinder, a release valve mechanism is provided which comprises a valve stem slidably extending through the hole in the piston into the hollow in the piston, and a valve head formed on one end of the valve stem and received in the hollow in the piston. One or more expansions are formed in the piston for the admission of the pressurized fluid from the fluid chamber into the hollow in the piston during piston travel away the one end of the cylinder.

Abstract: A press which is particularly adapted for pressing casings, cable shoes or such items onto a body, having a steering element supported against a drive which on one hand is connected at the press plunger, and on the other hand, is connected with the cylinder, and which upon movement of the press plunger in the working direction, moves the steering element at a fraction of the speed of the press plunger, whereby a locking device, actuated by the workpiece to be pressed, connects the steering element with the press plunger in such a way that the steering element moves with a speed equal to that of the press plunger and that there is an arresting device at the steering element which, in a predetermined position of the press plunger, blocks pressure medium feed to the work room of the cylinder.

Abstract: A rodless cylinder consisting of a cylinder, a piston within the cylinder for reciprocal movement therein, a guide along the outside of the cylinder, a drive block mechanism constrained to move along the guide, a pulley at each end of the cylinder and guide, a cable extending from each end of the cylinder, around a respective pulley and secured to a respective end of the drive block mechanism, a compressible resilient member extending from each end of the piston and, a sealing member co-operable with a valve seat located within an exit from each end of the cylinder, such that when the piston approaches one end of the cylinder, the resilient member forces the sealing member into sealing contact with the valve seat so preventing egress of fluid from one end of the piston to the outside of the respective end of the cylinder. The pulleys, cables and cylinder are also completely enclosed so that only the top of the drive block is exposed to the outside environment.

Abstract: A hydraulic operating apparatus in which a differential piston is used as a drive unit, and in which the differential piston is driven by applying a high pressure fluid on a large piston face side through a hydraulic pressure control device for controlling the hydraulic pressure, and a high pressure fluid always being applied on the small piston face side. The hydraulic operating apparatus is constructed such that a high pressure fluid is applied concurrently on both piston faces when the differential piston stops at its receded position, and a thrust generated due to the difference between the forces applied on the both piston faces is held in check by a holding device acting on the differential piston or its extension. The differential piston is moved forward upon the removal of the holding force of the holding device, and the piston is moved backward upon the removal of the high pressure fluid on the large piston face side.

Abstract: Piston rods of three linear hydraulic motors are connected at their outer ends to two spaced apart transverse frame members. A cylinder housing is driven back and forth along each pair of piston rods. Three transverse drive beams are provided. Each drive beam is directly connected to an associated one of the cylinder housings. Three sets of floor slat members are provided. Each set is connected to an associated one of the transverse drive beams. The linear hydraulic motors are operated for moving the floor slat members in one direction, for advancing a load, and for retracting them in an opposite direction. Each cylinder housing has four fluid chambers. First and third chambers are interconnected and the second and fourth chambers are interconnected. This arrangement provides adequate force producing area with a relatively small diameter cylinder housing. Fluid passageways are formed in the piston rods. Transfer valves are incorporated in end portions of some of the linear hydraulic motors.

Abstract: A valving mechanism for a cylinder-piston unit wherein the extreme positions of the piston are not positively controlled by a crankshaft or similar device. Inlet and exhaust valves are respectively mounted in a cylinder head and are operated by actuating rods projecting into the path of the piston.

Abstract: The fluid-powered, reciprocating motor includes a cylinder having an inlet chamber and an outlet chamber, a differential area piston mounted in the cylinder, and an output or power shaft connected to the piston. A pressurized fluid, either a gas or a liquid, is continuously introduced into the cylinder inlet chamber and acts on the smaller piston area to move the piston in one direction. A small stream of the fluid flows from the cylinder inlet chamber into the cylinder outlet chamber through a control passage in the piston and is exhausted from the cylinder outlet chamber through an outlet passage until the piston is moved far enough for a valve member carried by the piston to close the outlet passage. Fluid pressure subsequently building up in the cylinder outlet chamber acts on the larger piston area and moves the piston in the opposite direction.

Abstract: A rotary actuator having a piston travel adjustment mechanism and a cushioning mechanism associated in a single attached unit, with side porting for fluid pressure, thus having a more compact structure that is lighter in weight and yet completely adjustable.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for producing rotation of a power output shaft comprises a plurality of peripherally spaced cylinders disposed in generally tangential relationship to the periphery of a housing defining a cylindrical fluid pressure chamber and connected at their inner ends to such fluid pressure chamber. The housing is mounted on, and co-rotatable with the output shaft. The gas pressure in such chamber is regulated to maintain a selected value above ambient. Cooperating pistons in each of the cylinders are interconnected by connecting rods to a unidirectional clutch mounted in the fluid pressure chamber on a fixed shaft, thus forcing the cylinders to rotate when pressured gas is introduced in the outer ends of the cylinders. Inlet and exhaust valves are provided in a cylinder head mounted in the outer end of each cylinder and are operable by contact with the outer face of the respective piston.

Abstract: An assistor for reducing stepping force of a clutch pedal, in which a push rod is inserted into an assistor casing freely movably in the axial direction, a casing outside end of the rod is interconnected to a clutch pedal, a casing inside portion of the rod is provided with a piston which divides the casing into first and second chambers, the first chamber intercommunicates with atmosphere, the second chamber intercommunicates freely changeably with atmosphere and a negative pressure source through a change-over valve mechanism, and the piston is interlocked with the change-over valve mechanism through the means of a negative-pressure setting spring so that negative pressure for reducing stepping force can be fed into the second chamber according to a shifted length of the rod.

Abstract: A vacuum actuator, suitable for use in an automatic belt tensioning system, oscillates automatically when connected to a source of constant vacuum.

Abstract: A hydraulically operated actuator employs multiple metal-to-metal static seals to isolate the hydraulic fluid and to isolate the actuator from surrounding contaminating (ambient) fluids. A housing contains at least two linearly spaced apart chambers. A piston reciprocates from a retracted position to an extended position (power stroke) and from the extended position to the retracted position (return stroke) in one of the chambers (hydraulic chamber). The hydraulic chamber is separated by the piston into two sections, one of which contains high pressure hydraulic fluid and the other of which contains low pressure hydraulic fluid. A first static metal seal ring unit is designed to seal first at the completion of the power stroke of the piston to isolate the low pressure hydraulic fluid section from external contaminating fluids which may be at a higher pressure.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to a hydraulic cylinder with an improved cushion device thereon to enhance the operational characteristics thereof. A cushion pin is affixed to the cylinder piston by a cap screw in such a manner that the cushion pin can float about the screw relative to the piston. Optional orifices in the cushion pin provide an additional fluid flow passage whereby the metering action between the pin and a fluid flow port to the cylinder is different for retraction and extension of the piston.