Abstract: In hydraulically actuated fuel injectors that utilize lubricating oil as the actuation fluid, various components within the injector body must move relatively short distances at high rates of speed in a wetted oil environment. When the oil is at a relatively low temperature, its relatively high viscosity coupled with relatively small size of these components can cause stiction problems to occur. Stiction occurs where the moveable component comes in contact with the body when it rests against its stop. The highly viscous oil can tend to cause the component to resist breaking free of its stop surface such that the fuel injector may be inhibited in performing adequately, especially during cold start conditions. These potential stiction problems are reduced by including a raised surface feature on one or both of the component and body in order to reduce the potential contact surface area.

Abstract: An end dampened working cylinder for a fluid which serves as a fluid power medium for transmission of energy, the working cylinder comprising a main piston; control plungers carrying ring magnets and mounted on both sides of the main piston; springs form-locking the control plungers with the main piston and piston rod; sensors incorporated in a topside end and a bottom end and reacting to a contactless magnetic field, so that on approaching the ring magnet but at least on reaching a sealing rest position of the control plunger at each of the end stops a signal of a respective one of the sensors is generated and serves for controlling the fluid power, the control plungers sliding along the piston rod so as to provide adjustable and guaranteed sealing, outlet channels and a throttled flow-off channel, the control plungers serving as a shut-off component and valve for the outlet channels, so that when the control plungers rest on the topside end and the bottom end a dampening space is formed, from which a dampen

Abstract: An electro-hydraulic position-servo device to quickly and accurately position a stop element is provided for use with a positive displacement fuel injection system, wherein a shuttle is used to positively displace pre-metered slugs of fuel to unit injectors. The stop device is operatively associated with a control shaft having at least one helical surface thereon; the stop element and control shaft slidably located within a housing. The housing permits communication between at least one pressurized fluid source and a drain line by way of a chamber within which the control shaft is located. Thus, by simply rotating the control shaft from rotational drive means, the control shaft will assume an axial position determined by the orientation of the helical surface with respect to the supply and drain lines. The device is adjustable by rotation of the shaft to a new position with the re-orientation of the helical surface.

Abstract: An impact tool for striking a tool such as a chisel includes a piston mounted in a cylinder. Upper, middle and lower chambers are formed therebetween. Pressure oil is fed into and discharged from the middle and lower chambers to reciprocate the piston in the cylinder under oil pressure. During a downward stroke of the piston, the oil pressure in the lower chamber is kept low. But just before it strikes a tool, the oil pressure in the lower chamber is adapted to increase so as to prevent what is called cavitation or prevent air bubbles mixed in the pressure oil in the lower chamber from growing suddenly owing to a sharp drop in the oil pressure which is caused by the rebound of the piston after striking the tool.

Abstract: A thermally powered engine which obtains energy from a closed heat transfer loop. The engine has two power cylinders. A piston is reciprocally mounted within each cylinder and divides the interior space of each cylinder into two portions. A piston rod is affixed to each piston and extends through the upper closed end of each cylinder. A flexible diaphragm is mounted in the lower portion of each cylinder and with the lower closed end of the cylinder forms a power chamber. A fluid fills the upper portion of both cylinders. A passageway between the cylinders permits the fluid to act as a free piston causing the piston of the cylinder in its exhaust stroke to force refrigerant from its power chamber to the condenser of the heat transfer loop. Refrigerant from the evaporator of the transfer loop flowing into a power chamber forces the piston upward during the pistons power stroke. Valves regulate the flow of refrigerant into and out of the power chambers of each of the power cylinders.

Abstract: An asymmetrical vibrator is provided, which is actuated by compressed air. The vibrator operates in a case, which has two bores disposed parallel on opposite sides of the casing. One of the bores is smaller than the second bore and the piston operating in the small bore is called the slow piston, since it is actuated with air to a relatively slow motion and the piston operating in the second larger bore is called the fast piston, since it is moves at a larger speed when driven directly by the compressed air. The asymmetric vibration motion can be employed to transport materials upwardly in factories and assembly stations. The air operated asymmetric vibrators need low maintenance and do not entail the spark dangers caused by the presence of electrical wiring for electrical drive motors.

Abstract: Apparatus for producing a reciprocating oscillation of a power output shaft comprises a plurality of peripherally spaced cylinders disposed in generally tangential relationship to the periphery of a cylindrical fluid pressure chamber and connected at their inner ends to such fluid pressure chamber. The gas pressure in such chamber is regulated to maintain a selected value above ambient. Cooperating pistons in each of the cylinders are interconnected by connecting rods to a spoke-like rocker element which is freely oscillatable about the output shaft to which the housing defining the cylindrical fluid pressure chamber is secured for co-rotation. A flywheel mass is connected to the spokes of the rocker element. Inlet and exhaust valves are provided in a cylinder head mounted in the outer end of each cylinder and are operable by contact with the outer face of the respective piston.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for producing rotation of a power output shaft comprises a plurality of peripherally spaced cylinders disposed in generally tangential relationship to the periphery of a housing defining a cylindrical fluid pressure chamber and connected at their inner ends to such fluid pressure chamber. The housing is mounted on, and co-rotatable with the output shaft. The gas pressure in such chamber is regulated to maintain a selected value above ambient. Cooperating pistons in each of the cylinders are interconnected by connecting rods to a unidirectional clutch mounted in the fluid pressure chamber on a fixed shaft, thus forcing the cylinders to rotate when pressured gas is introduced in the outer ends of the cylinders. Inlet and exhaust valves are provided in a cylinder head mounted in the outer end of each cylinder and are operable by contact with the outer face of the respective piston.

Abstract: An assistor for reducing stepping force of a clutch pedal, in which a push rod is inserted into an assistor casing freely movably in the axial direction, a casing outside end of the rod is interconnected to a clutch pedal, a casing inside portion of the rod is provided with a piston which divides the casing into first and second chambers, the first chamber intercommunicates with atmosphere, the second chamber intercommunicates freely changeably with atmosphere and a negative pressure source through a change-over valve mechanism, and the piston is interlocked with the change-over valve mechanism through the means of a negative-pressure setting spring so that negative pressure for reducing stepping force can be fed into the second chamber according to a shifted length of the rod.

Abstract: A pressure operated control installation, especially for automotive vehicles, which includes a pressure source and a servo member controlled through a control block. The control block includes a logistor, a control element coupled with a control unit, and a bypass line with a throttling arrangement. The pressure conducting inlet of the logistor is connected through the bypass line to a control inlet of the logistor and the control unit controls a connection between the control inlet of the logistor and a return line. At least two control blocks are provided with a control outlet of the logistor of the first control block and a pressure conducting inlet of the logistor of the second control block being connected to the servo member.

Abstract: A wrist mechanism in an industrial robot comprises a wrist, a rotary type actuator which is rotatable in clockwise and counter-clockwise directions, a first positioning board which can define arbitrary angular stopping positions, sensing devices, and a second positioning board which is arranged facing the first positioning board, wherein the sensing devices detect the angular position of the wrist, which is driven by the rotary type actuator, the rotary type actuator is stopped by signals produced by the sensing devices, and the second positioning board with tapered receptacles is pressed to the first positioning board with tapered pins, whereby the positioning of the wrist mechanism is carried out.

Abstract: Control apparatus includes means defining a housing having a hollow and a piston device mounted for reciprocating movement in said hollow under the influence of pressure fluid applied alternately to each of opposite portions of its surface, characterized by means for transmitting a signal of a predetermined travel of said piston in one direction, said signal transmitting means being constructed and arranged to utilize applied pressure fluid in its signalling function.

Abstract: A vacuum actuator for connection to a vacuum source, the actuator utilizing a diaphragm combination having three stable positions. An annular diaphragm, having its outer periphery fixed in a housing, has its inner periphery secured between two movable annular members, the diaphragm and the annular members forming a combination dividing the housing into upper and lower chambers. Two inlet ports individually supply a vacuum force or atmospheric pressure to the upper chamber, the first one of the ports including a projection extending toward a space formed by the movable members. A poppet valve normally closes an opening at the top of the space, the bottom of the space normally having access to the atmosphere. When vacuum is applied to the first port, the diaphragm combination is raised from a biased first position to the position where the poppet valve interrupts the vacuum through the projection, determining the second position.

Abstract: A pneumatic reciprocating mechanism comprising a working member (11) reciprocably powered in a housing (10) and forming together with a vibration absorbing reaction support member (12) and an elastic seal element (47) a working chamber (49) which is supplied with pressure via an air feed valve (54,55). The latter is positively coupled to the working member (11) and controls the air flow through openings (54) in the reaction support member (12) in response to the relative positions of the working member (11) and the reaction support member (12).The elastic seal element (47) is associated with the working member (11) and has an annular valve collar (48) which is arranged to establish sealing contact with a diverging peripheral wall (52) of the reaction support member (12) by radial expansion due to the air pressure in the working member (49).

Abstract: A fluid pressure servo detent mechanism for controlling movement of a piston within a cylinder including one-way inlet and outlet valves for controlling the fluid pressure within the cylinder with linkage means interconnecting the inlet and outlet valves and the moveable piston for simultaneously actuation thereof. A control or sensing rod is carried by the piston for movement therewith to provide a control element for articles to be controlled or to sense the position of the piston and the flow of fluid or receipt of pressure to the outlet may be utilized to determine the position of the piston and as a signal to additional equipment.

Abstract: A linear fluid-operated actuator includes a casing having a piston assembly slidingly movable in a main cylinder within the casing and provided with force transmitting means adapted to transmit the motion of the piston to the outside. A linear flow control assembly is provided including two valves which are each slidable within a valve cylinder positioned on either side of the main cylinder in coaxial relation and merging therewith. The valves are connected to each other for simultaneous movement and the size of the valve member, the extent of its movement and the position of an inlet and outlet port provided in each valve cylinder is such that the inlet in one cylinder is closed while its outlet is open, and the inlet of the other cylinder is open while its outlet is closed and communication between them is prevented. A retainer is provided for the valve assembly in either of its end positions and a spring is positioned between the piston and each valve.

Abstract: A solar energy device for producing a continuous mechanical motion to drive apparatus such as a well pump comprises a frame made of conduit sections that supports a heat collector to receive the sun's rays. Heat generated within the collector is transferred to a network of conduits therein through which an evaporatable fluid is circulated as it is heated to its vaporous state. The vaporized fluid or gas is furnished to a vapor pressure motor having a common connection to the conduit network. The motor is situated within the collector and has a movable piston operated by its own valving system that produces a continuous reciprocating action. The piston is connected to an output shaft that engages a working lever arm connected to the pump. Vapor used to operate the motor is conveyed to a condenser within the frame where it is cooled to its liquid state by water produced by the well pump which is forced through the frame.

Abstract: A fluid operated hydraulic pump of the type using air pressure to produce high pressure hydraulic fluid wherein an air pressure driven motor and a hydraulic pump are positioned in adjacent axially aligned relationship and the air motor drives the hydraulic pump, the air motor including a reciprocable check valve for preventing air flow into the pump during the exhaust stroke of the pump thereby increasing the efficiency of the pump and reducing air flow through the pump. The check valve is disposed in the air inlet passage and is positioned in axially aligned relationship and adjacent to a reciprocable shuttle valve controlling exhaust air flow from the motor. Movement of the shuttle valve to a position permitting air to be exhausted from the air motor chamber also facilitates movement of the reciprocable check valve to a position wherein it prevents air flow into the motor.

Abstract: An overload safety device having a housing reciprocally movable through forward and reverse strokes of a set length. The housing has a cylinder and a piston mounted for reciprocal movement in the cylinder between a normal extended position and a retracted position. Fluid pressure is directed against one side of the piston for releasably holding the piston in its normal extended position. The piston has a rod to which a tool is attached at one end for performing an operation on a work piece upon reciprocal movement of the housing. If the tool should strike an obstruction, a slight displacement of the piston relative to the housing away from its normal extended position discontinues the fluid pressure directed against one side of the piston and directs it against the opposite side of the piston for rapidly moving the piston to its retracted position. The overload safety device may further be operated as a double acting cylinder.