Abstract: The disclosure describes a new type of pressure cylinder to provide clamping force while fabricating deep drawn metal parts. The piston is a hollow cylinder connected to the clamping pad. The drawing tools are connected to the draw ram by a rod passing through the hollow piston. This arrangement provides a smaller overall press height and an axisymmetric clamping force. In addition, the symmetry of the parts described means that the wear parts can be reversed to double their useful lives.

Abstract: A force amplifying displacement device for displacement of an object (5) a predetermined distance relative to a frame (2) or the like, wherein a first, longer part of the displacement movement requires a relatively minor force, while a second, shorter part of the movement requires a substantially greater force. The device comprises a lever mechanism (13) active between the frame (2) and a power transmission rod (17). An operating unit (9), e.g. consisting of a pressurized fluid cylinder (10), piston (11) and piston rod (12), first operates directly between the object (5) and the frame (2,22) and, thereafter, by sensing the end portion (28) of the power transmission rod (7), by way of the lever mechanism (13), so that a strongly amplified force is applied to the power transmission rod (7) and the object (5).

Abstract: Cylinder/piston drive especially for re-tightening systems in automatic safety belt winding devices, with a cylinder in which a drive piston is movably guided, as well as with a pressure accumulator which can be connected to the interior of the cylinder. The drive piston 13 has in the region facing the connecting point of the pressure accumulator (cartridge 34) at least one reduced cross sectional pressure surface (annular 15, 27) and operates with a guide part (10,21) in the cylinder 1 conforming to the reduced cross sectional shape of the drive piston such that at the beginning of the pressure action, only part of the cross section of the piston is exposed to the pressure force.

Abstract: A force limiting device for an actuator rod is used on a valve actuator of the type which includes hydraulic fluid being selectively applied to and discharged from a cylinder at a first side of a piston connected to the actuator rod as high pressure gas of an accumulator mounted on the cylinder acts in opposition thereto on a second side of the piston. The piston includes an interior cylindrical bore narrowing to an opening at the first side thereof which receives the actuator rod slidably therein. The actuator rod extends from the first side of the piston through a hole in the first end of the cylinder for coupling to a valve stem outwardly of the cylinder. An enlarged piston head is secured at a first side thereof to the other end of the rod and disposed within the interior cylindrical bore for sliding, sealed contact with an interior of the bore. Atmospheric pressure communicates with the bore to act on the second side of the piston head.

Abstract: A floor-mounted forging press has a static piston arranged on the top beam and a cylinder which slides on the piston and forms a toolholder, and a bore extending through the piston for supplying pressure medium to the cylinder. The piston is hollow and is swivelly mounted by means of ball cups at the lower end of the piston and on the top beam and a thrust bearing member between the ball cups, the piston being held in the vertical position on the top beam with the aid of retaining means. One form of retaining means is a partially resilient pressure medium pipe which holds the piston. Alternatively pins, mounted by means of spherical surfaces, suspend the piston by way of a flange on the piston and are resiliently biased to hold the piston against the top beam in a free-play, resilient and freely movable manner, a bore being provided through the ball cups and thrust bearing member.

Abstract: A fluid motor or pump that has a front wall, four corner conduits, two lateral conduits, a chamber, two pistons, a piston rod and a crank, in which the rotary motion of the crank is transformed to a vertical sliding motion of the chamber and a horizontal sliding motion of the pistons, that result in continuous fluid motion or vice versa. The front wall supports the crankshaft and the corner conduits. The corner conduits hold and communicate with the lateral conduits. The lateral conduits communicate with the chamber internal areas and allow the chamber to slide. The chamber controls the fluid flow and allows the pistons, joined by the piston rod, to slide. The pistons' sliding motion causes the fluid to flow and the piston rod to move. The piston rod movement causes continuous rotary motion of the crankshaft or vice versa.

Abstract: Apparatus for repeatedly dispensing measured portions of viscous substances is disclosed. The invention includes a body defining a bore within which is a sleeve defined floating measuring chamber. In the chamber is a sliding piston. Material to be dispensed is forced into the floating measuring chamber under pressure. A three-way, two-position air valve actuates the dispensing apparatus. Shifting of the air valve applies air pressure to one end of the floating measuring chamber, causing it to shift. This closes a material supply port and opens a material discharge port. The floating measuring chamber meters the flow of air to the floating piston so that the discharge velocity of the material being dispensed is controlled. At the end of the dispensing cycle, air under pressure is directed out through the material discharge port clearing it of residual material.

Abstract: A hydraulic adjustment apparatus as is for instance used to adjust a roller of a rolling mill has a cylinder forming a first cylinder chamber and having a first cylinder surface directed backwardly in a predetermined direction in the first chamber. A first piston is displaceable forwardly and backwardly in the direction in the first chamber relative to the cylinder and has in this chamber a forwardly directed first piston face of a predetermined first piston area. The first piston is formed with at least one second chamber receiving a forwardly and backwardly displaceable second piston having a forwardly directed end engageable with the first chamber surface. This second piston in turn has a second piston face of a predetermined second piston area substantially smaller than the first piston area and directed backwardly in the second chamber.

Abstract: A receptacle lift apparatus for a cotton harvester or other dumping vehicle including a linear hydraulic motor including a first rod and piston assembly attached to the receptacle and a second rod and piston assembly attached to the chassis and a floating cylindrical housing receiving the first piston in one end and the second piston in the other end being independent of the chassis and receptacle for axially unrestrained movement relative thereto.

Abstract: A portable hand-held hydraulically-operated cable cutter for severing electric and communication cables has a pair of cutter jaws, one fixed and one movable. The movable jaw is driven positively in both the closing and opening directions by a piston-cylinder assembly under the control of the lineman. The piston is fixed; the cylinder is movable. The movable cutter jaw is connected pivotally to the movable cylinder. The lineman holds the tool in one hand, using a fixed grip handle, and with the other hand controls operation of the movable cutter jaw by rotating a cylindrical control handle in one direction or the other. As a safety lock, the tool has an offset trigger which must be pressed to unlock the control handle before it can be rotated. When the control handle is released, it is automatically returned to its neutral position by a torsion spring, thereby instantly stopping any motion of the cutter jaws in either the opening or closing directions.

Abstract: A control element is provided for a gearbox ratio selector in a heavy vehicle of the type in which the gearbox ratio selector is operated by means of a pair of pneumatic cylinders having opposite rods and chambers controlled from the handle of the gearshift lever. The pneumatic cylinders are controlled through an intermediate device between the cylinders and the distributor valve included in the handle of the gearshift lever, so that the activating fluid of the cylinders is independent of the fluid in the handle of the gearshift lever. The distributor valves are connected to control valves advantageously incorporated in the intermediate body provided between the parts opposite to the outlet of the rods in the operating cylinders of the selector.

Abstract: A basket lift apparatus for a cotton harvester including a pair of linear hydraulic motors having floating axially unrestrained housings is provided with a variable length guide tube assembly pivotally connected between the respective cylinder housings to prevent rotation thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system including two or more fluid pressure piston-and-cylinder assemblies. The cylinders are linked in pairs so that retraction of both piston rods reduces the length of the pair of assemblies to the length of a single assembly. Operation of both pistons in a pair provides an effective stroke twice the length of a single assembly stroke. In a particular embodiment, a double cylinder system is used as a pickup system for elevating equipment along a mast in a well workover rig.

Abstract: A valve, comprising: a cylindrical casing, closed at its ends by covers, and having axially aligned inlet and outlet chambers midway of its length disposed at right angles to the axis of the casing. Communication between said chambers is controlled by a ported, fluid pressure operated, movable valve plate assembly, including parallel cylinders, each containing a stationary piston connected to the inner end of a pair of axially aligned rods, or guides, fixed at their outer end to the covers. Each rod has a passageway communicating at its inner end with one end of its associated cylinder for supplying operating fluid thereto to bodily reciprocate the valve plate assembly on said rods within the casing. An adjustable collar positions a fixed wear plate in sealing engagement with one side of the valve plate assembly, and a fluid pressure actuated loading ring urges a floating wear plate into contact with the other side of said valve plate assembly.

Abstract: A piston-and-cylinder type actuator, for use particularly in steplessly-variable-ratio transmission units of the toroidal race rolling friction type. In such units the actuator may serve to thrust the input and output members and their intermediate rollers into engagement, so that drive will be transmitted. According to the invention enhanced thrust is obtained by interposing auxiliary pistons (6, 7) in the space between the main piston (1) and the end (4) of the cylinder (2). One of pistons 6, 7 is linked to the main piston 1 and the other to cylinder 2, and they divide the said space into two pressurized zones (16, 18) with a vented zone between them. Where the actuator has to rotate about the cylinder axis, unwanted centrifugal forces generated within zones 16, 18 may be diminished by forming the vented zone so that a quantity of fluid may accumulate in it.

Abstract: A volume-adjusting mechanism for a filling machine adapted to fill a number of containers with a predetermined amount of a product from a corresponding number of filling units; to enable a volume adjustment while the machine is running, the part of the filling unit normally connected with a relatively fixed part of the filling machine includes a selectively adjustable lost motion volume-adjusting mechanism to permit adjustment of the suction and discharge stroke of the filling unit.

Abstract: A fluid pressure actuated piston is slidably carried in a fluid pressure actuated cylinder which, in turn, is slidably carried in a fixed carrier. Forward axial movement of the cylinder is restricted by a hydraulic pressure balance condition which is created by reducing the rearward surface area of the cylinder. The cylinder is maintained in a pressure balanced condition during the entire operation of the piston assembly. After the piston moves axially forward a predetermined distance, it engages the cylinder and urges the cyliner axially forward the same distance traveled by the piston. The piston's maximum axial movement is thereby extended by the distance the cylinder travels. The output force of the piston is substantially unaffected by the force imposed on the cylinder. Also, the cylinder does not provide any work force area.

Abstract: A loading gate assembly for a heavy cyclical centrifugal machine used for separating liquid from solids includes a hollow body forming a spout outlet, a face surrounding the end of the outlet and a gate slidable on the face between a fully closed position covering the outlet and a position opening the outlet to flow of material therethrough. A gate operating mechanism includes a power drive device secured between a relatively fixed support and a cross head, connected with the gate, for moving the gate between closed and open positions. The loading gate assembly further comprises a mount for the support normally positioning it in a fixed location relative to the outlet yet being operable to displace the support in the direction of closing movement of the gate. A secondary drive device operates the mount to move the gate to the closed position by displacement of the support in the event of failure of power supplied to the power drive device while the gate is open.

Abstract: A system for porting of hydraulic fluid in a hydraulically driven seismic energy vibrator of the reciprocating mass type. A mass is reciprocated relative to an earth contacting frame which includes at least two hydraulic piston rods coacting with internal cylinders within the mass. The piston rods, of the type having double rod ends, each include a single axial bore therethrough in communication with respective opposite sides of the piston ring assemblies, and cross porting is effected between opposite ends of the mass cylinders.

Abstract: A rack and pinion power steering device includes a housing which defines a cavity and the housing communicates with a pressure source. A pinion extends into the housing cavity to engage a rack which is movably supported by a sleeve member. The rack engages a valve member to control communication from the pressure source to a pair of chambers within the sleeve member. The pair of chambers are separated by a partition and a pair of rods are fixedly secured to the partition. Extending from the housing the pair of rods cooperate with dirigible wheels to control the direction of the dirigible wheels. The housing includes portions which slidably support the sleeve member and the pair of rods and partially define the pair of chambers. The sleeve member and pair of rods are movable relative to the housing in response to pressure within the pair of chambers.

Abstract: To permit safe operation of clutch actuated moving ram machines, especially when the operator is to be permitted to "float" the ram, the operating linkage to the clutch is formed with a connection which requires input motion of the linkage in predetermined degree to actuate a safety mechanism. The purpose is to prevent ram operation until the operator is out of harm's way. The linkage is formed such that additional motion of the input elements to the clutch is ineffective to actuate the clutch until the safety apparatus is properly positioned whereupon such additional motion of the input member is made effective to actuate the clutch. An apparatus effective to perform according to that method comprises a piston and a cylinder capable of movement relative to one another and both capable of movement relative to a frame on which the clutch is mounted.

Abstract: A system for rotating a control shaft which includes a lever arm attached to the control shaft and having arm members extending radially outwardly from the shaft. A motor having a piston and rod assembly reciprocatively mounted in an outer housing is resiliently mounted relative to the control shaft. The rod is universally coupled to one of the arm members, while the other of the arm members is coupled through strap means to the outer housing of the motor. When the motor is energized, the rod applies a pushing force to tend to rotate the control shaft and the housing applies a pulling force to aid in rotating the control shaft.

Abstract: A compressor for a cryogenic cooler such as the Stirling cycle type or eqalent related types is provided in which all the forces and moments generated by its moving parts are balanced to eliminate noise and vibration.

Abstract: A mechanical accumulator for holding and supplying a volume of hydraulic fluid under pressure comprising a variable volume fluid pressure chamber including a piston and a cylinder member, a plurality of coil springs acting on one of said members for biasing the same towards the other of said members to minimize the volume of said chamber and pressurize the fluid therein, a fluid conduit for directing pressurized fluid into and out of said chamber and switch means externally of said chamber and actuated by one of said members in response to the volume changes of said chamber for controlling the operation of a fluid device using fluid from the chamber.

Abstract: A retractable spindle for connecting a drive to a driven instrumentality, such as a roll. The spindle includes an axially movable shaft which has self-contained hydraulic means for moving it axially to disconnect it from the driven instrumentality or connect it thereto. This arrangement avoids the need for external mechanical linkages used heretofore for retracting a spindle.

Abstract: A hydraulic cylinder is disclosed wherein a seal ring is fitted around the side surface of a plunger which in turn is fitted into a cylinder in such a way that there is a clearance between the seal ring and the plunger, and oil passages are formed through the seal ring, thereby at the lower part of the seal ring, exerting to the seal ring the upward force which may encounter the downward oil pressure exerted to the seal ring.

Abstract: A disc brake assembly comprises a housing affixed to a non-rotatable member and having a through-hole therein. A cylinder is slidably fitted in the through-hole in the housing and has a pressure oil inlet, and a piston therein in sliding relation therewith. A disc is rotatable together with a rotating member, and a yoke is affixed to the cylinder and is movable with the cylinder. A member movably couples the yoke to the housing. A first friction pad is supported by the yoke and is adapted to be urged against or detached from one side of the disc, and a second friction pad is mounted on one end of the piston and is adapted to be urged against or detached from the other side of the disc.

Abstract: A structure for propelling a pipeline as it is continuously formed at a construction site, wherein the formed pipeline is cap sealed at its leading end and is sealed adjacent its other end by a piston on which the pipeline slides as it is formed. The pipeline is propelled by admitting pressurized fluid through the piston from a delivery tube communicating through the piston with the interior of the seal pipeline and a stop or stops are provided to engage the delivery tube whereby thrust is applied to the cap sealed end of the pipeline.

Abstract: A hydraulic hammer assembly is disclosed which comprises a stationary piston suspended within a tubular frame or casing and a cylinder locked inside a massive ram within the casing. The cylinder forms a differential hydraulic assembly with the piston and moves up and down along the piston. The cylinder is maintained locked to the ram by the pressure of the hydraulic fluid; and the piston, which is formed of two members, is held in assembly by a continuous hydraulic bias with a special hydraulic balancing arrangement which compensates for the pressure switching in the cylinder to which one portion of the piston assembly is exposed.