Abstract: Land vehicles and methods of operating land vehicles are disclosed. A land vehicle includes a frame structure, a plurality of wheels, and a brake system. The frame structure includes a front cage that at least partially defines an operator cabin and a rear compartment positioned rearward of the front cage in a longitudinal direction. The plurality of wheels are supported by the frame structure. Each of plurality of wheels is sized to permit direct integration of an electric motor therein.

Abstract: A hydraulic cylinder may include a cylindrical tube, a piston head with a piston rod disposed within the cylindrical tube, a cylinder head secured in one tube end of the cylindrical tuba and having the piston rod extending through a piston rod opening, and a cylinder cap with a cap sealing portion inserted in the opposite tube end of the cylindrical tube. The tube end is crimped down onto the cap sealing portion so that a tube material of the cylindrical tube is disposed within the plurality of annular cap grooves in the cap seal portion to retain the cylinder cap. The cylinder head may have a similar plurality of annular head grooves, with the corresponding tube end being crimped down onto the cylinder head.

Abstract: A fluidic cylinder has a cylinder tube having a cylinder chamber defined in an interior thereof has a pair of cover members attached to respective ends of the cylinder tube. A piston is disposed displaceably along the cylinder chamber, and a piston rod is connected to the piston. The piston and the cylinder tube are formed with rectangular shapes in cross section, the piston includes a wear ring which is in sliding contact with an inner wall surface of the cylinder tube, and a magnet is incorporated in the wear ring. At least one of the cover members includes bolt holes therein, the bolt holes extending in at least two or more directions including a direction in which the piston is displaced, and fastening bolts are selectively inserted into the bolt holes to fix the at least one of the cover members with respect to another member.

Abstract: A linear actuator is provided having a housing with a bore having at least first and second portions extending therethrough. The second portion has a polygonal geometry with substantially rounded corners having at least one planar bearing surface. A shaft is in sliding engagement with the first portion of the bore, and a piston member is operatively coupled to the shaft. The piston member has a mating geometry to the second portion of the bore, wherein the piston member is in sliding engagement with the second portion of the bore. An anti-rotation member is coupled to the piston member or shaft and has a generally D-shaped geometry with a planar anti-rotation bearing surface. Contact between the anti-rotation member and the housing is limited to a sliding engagement between the anti-rotation bearing surface and one of the at least one bearing surfaces based on an orientation of the anti-rotation member.

Abstract: A cylinder head for a compressor includes a closure device that can be adjusted between an unactuated position (off-load) in which the compressor delivers air and an actuated position (off-load) in which the compressor is running in an idle mode, a pneumatic control device having a control cylinder and a control piston that can be moved in the control cylinder, a spring device that prestresses the closure device into the unactuated position (on-load), and a driver configured to couple the control piston to the closure device. The closure device closes a compressed air passage in the unactuated position (on-load) and clears the compressed air passage in the actuated position (off-load), and the driver is permanently connected to the closure device and can be driven by the control piston.

Abstract: Disclosed is a hybrid type air-compressor, which has a main body including a cylinder having upper and lower portions, a motor assembly including an eccentric shaft passing through a side surface of the main body to eccentrically rotate in the cylinder, a first communication part covering an upper portion of the cylinder of the main body and introducing air to discharge the air to the upper portion of the cylinder, a second communication part covering a lower portion of the cylinder of the main body and introducing air to discharge the air to the lower portion of the cylinder; and an air compressing means connected to the eccentric shaft of the motor assembly and vertically moving in the cylinder to alternately compress air introduced into the upper and lower portions of the cylinder.

Abstract: A plurality of ring-shaped sealing members are spaced from each other on the outer periphery of each of first and second end caps that seal openings of first and second cylinder holes. Ring-shaped flow paths are formed between adjacent ring-shaped sealing members. Parts of air flow paths that supply and discharge compressed air to and from pressure chambers of the cylinder holes are formed by the ring-shaped flow paths.

Abstract: A fluid operated linear drive in which on the outer periphery of a centering portion (24) fitting in a housing tube (4) at least one housing cover (5) has an annular groove (28) accommodating an annular seal (32). The outer flank (36), which is on the side of the housing tube (3), of the annular groove (28) is a component of cap part (42), which is coaxially mounted on the centering portion (24) and fixed on the housing cover (5). This division into two parts facilitates production of a flash-free annular groove (28) without fettling.

Abstract: An anodized aluminum hydraulic leveling cylinder 10 for a vehicle includes an extruded hollow body 20 having a vehicle attachment portion 24 for attaching the body to the underside of a vehicle. A piston 80 is slidably fitted into the interior of the body. The piston is formed of ductile aluminum capable of being machined to a desirable shape and dimensions. The piston is hard anodized and PTFE coated for durable and silent operation. Hydraulic oil passage means 23a, 23b is formed in the body, and a cap 50 with a pair of dual flow-through passages 53 is attached to the top end 30 of the body for permitting the flow of pressurized hydraulic oil into and out of the interior of the body to effect axial movement of the piston. Hydraulic fluid may be transferred through one or more hollow mounting bolts.

Abstract: A piston air compressor having a suction chamber and a connection chamber separated from the suction chamber. An air channel is provided from the connection chamber to the suction chamber.

Abstract: An industrial truck includes a tiltable lifting mast (1), a first tilting cylinder (2), and a second tilting cylinder (3). The two tilting cylinders (2, 3) are of double-acting design and are connected hydraulically in parallel. Two hydraulic lines (5, 6) are provided for the purpose of supplying hydraulic fluid to the tilting cylinders (2, 3). In order to simplify the design of the industrial truck, according to the invention the hydraulic lines (5, 6) open out at the cylinder base of the first tilting cylinder (2) and/or at a component (joint eye 10) adjacent thereto, the cylinder base and/or the component (joint eye 10) being formed at least partially as a hydraulic distributor.

Abstract: A Cylinder for pressurized fluids, such as oil, air or the like, including of a cylindrical nozzle and a pair of heads designed to be attached to the ends of the nozzle, characterized in that two annular grooves are made partly in the cylinder liner and partly in each of the two heads for the purpose of locking the heads, and that elements designed to be inserted into the grooves to lock the heads into position are filled. In particular the locking elements are constituted by roller bearings the axis of which is parallel to the axis of the nozzle and which engage with the walls of the grooves, preventing axial movements of the heads in relation to the nozzle. Preferably the grooves are made partly on the inner surface of nozzle and partly on the outer surface of a head element which is inserted into the nozzle.

Abstract: Hydraulic cylinders that are ported at one end are disclose.

Abstract: The purpose of this invention is to provide an actuator for valve driving without enlarging its size, without increasing the cost, and without reducing the pressure receiving area of the pistons.

Abstract: A hydraulic actuator for use in a work vehicle includes a tube including a first end, a second end and an inner surface; a plug with a portion of the plug disposed inside the tube and a portion of the plug extending outside the tube; a weld extending around the perimeter of the plug and coupling the first end of the tube to the plug, the weld forming a fluid-tight seal between the plug and the tube; a seal abutting against the plug and the inner surface of the tube and being spaced from the weld; an end plug affixed to the second end of the tube to enclose and seal the second end of the tube, the end plug defining a rod opening; a piston configured to be slidingly supported within the tube, the piston including a retract face, an extend face oppositely disposed from the retract face and a lip protruding from the extend face; and a piston rod affixed to the piston, the piston rod extending out of the tube through the rod opening.

Abstract: A multi-stroke air cylinder providing a precisely directed and controlled stroke in the face of lateral, torsional and tilting loads on a tooling plate. The multi-stroke cylinder utilizes a plurality of mechanically linked pneumatic or hydraulic pistons having different stroke lengths that can be added together in any combination, allowing the user to select any stroke length up to a predetermined, total combined stroke length, in increments equal to the stroke length of the smallest cylinder. The multi-stroke cylinder includes a head assembly having a fluid inlet for introducing fluid to the cylinder at a first pressure. The cylinder also includes a first positioning system having a plurality of pistons capable of moving a piston rod away from the first positioning system, and a second positioning system located between the head assembly and the first positioning system.

Abstract: A pump includes a cylinder, a piston, a connecting rod, a plug, a nozzle and a fastener. The cylinder includes a first open end and a second open end. The piston is movable in the cylinder. The connecting rod includes a first end connected with the piston in the cylinder and a second end located outside the cylinder. The plug is fit in the first open end of the cylinder. The nozzle is mounted on the first open end of the cylinder. The fastener is used to fasten the nozzle and the plug to the cylinder.

Abstract: An oil pressure cylinder has an adjusting ring. The adjusting ring is prolonged and is formed by two parts which are buckled with one another. An elastic element is used to buckle the adjusting ring. A spring is embedded at a slot of the adjusting ring so as to tightly seal the adjusting ring. The sealing washer in the steel tube has a plane shape and has a convex ring. An outer side of the convex ring is enclosed by an elastic wearing compensating spring; a connecting portion of the selecting seat with the adjusting ring is formed as a plane for matching the plane sealing washer. The adjusting ring is formed integrally, the adjusting ring has an opening, the opening has two parallel long sides and two parallel short sides, four corners of the opening are cambered; in interior of the adjusting ring has a plurality of blocks.

Abstract: A fluid-operated piston-type actuator includes a body having first and second axial ends and an inner surface that defines a bore that opens through at least one of the first and second axial ends to define an open end of the bore. A piston is slidably positioned in the bore. An end wall is positioned in blocking relation with the open end of the bore. The end wall comprises a peripheral surface that defines a first circumferentially extending groove that is axially aligned with a second circumferentially extending groove defined in the inner surface of the body when the end wall is positioned in blocking relation with the open end of the bore. The end wall further comprises an inner face oriented toward the piston and an opposite outer face oriented away from the piston. The first groove is located axially between the inner and outer faces.

Abstract: A welded cylinder is provided wherein a seal (such as an O-ring seal or a cured anaerobic sealant) is disposed between the tube of a cylinder and its welded end plug. The seal is spaced away from the circumferential weld that joins the end plug to the cylinder to reduce the hoop stress in the tube adjacent the weld, thereby reducing the tensile stress at the weld joint.

Abstract: A ram device has a cylindrical housing (10) in which is arranged a pressure medium actuated impact piston and a control unit for controlling the pressure medium flow into the housing (10) and which housing (10) at its rearward end is provided with a pressure medium connector (16) and is closable by a closure part (12). The closure part (12) is threadable into an end portion (22) of the housing (10) provided with an internal thread by an externally threaded section (18) and has a second threaded section (20) which stands in engagement with a counter element (22) which abuts a housing surface (40) perpendicular to the housing axis.

Abstract: A welded cylinder is provided wherein a seal (such as an O-ring seal or a cured anaerobic sealant) is disposed between the tube of a cylinder and its welded end plug. The seal is spaced away from the circumferential weld that joins the end plug to the cylinder to reduce the hoop stress in the tube adjacent the weld, thereby reducing the tensile stress at the weld joint.

Abstract: Each of end blocks is provided with a first pressure fluid communicating passage for communication between a first pressure fluid inlet/outlet port and a third pressure fluid inlet/outlet port, a second pressure fluid inlet/outlet port, and a second pressure fluid communicating passage which communicates with a second pressure fluid passage and a first pressure fluid passage communicating with a driving section. A passage of a sensor attachment rail communicates with the third pressure fluid inlet/outlet port and the second pressure fluid passage or the second pressure fluid passage and the third pressure fluid inlet/outlet port by the aid of piping studs.

Abstract: A telescoping hydraulic hoist which improves stability and rigidity in the extended position without sacrificing the maximum extension length of the hoist and with fewer machined parts which may be dislodged or damaged in operation. The base member has a recess into which intermediate and inner tube stages recede when the hoist is in a fully collapsed position, and a stop-collar on the gland nut bearings overlaps the exposed end of the next broader tube stage, defining a limit of retraction for each intermediate tube stage, so that a tube stage when fully retracted contacts the exposed end of the next broader tube stage, thus dispensing with the need for stop rings.

Abstract: A pressure activated piston and cylinder unit for use with a die block is taught which provides installation and service portions at the rear face of the unit. Also provided is a pressure activated piston and cylinder unit for use with a die block, of simplified construction.

Abstract: A working cylinder (A) having at least one working chamber (6, 7) defined by the cylinder barrel (1), at least one of the end sections (2, 3) and a piston (4), at least one supply port (9a, 9b) and a exhaust port (12a, 12b) for the working medium. The exhaust port (12a, 12b) has a valve (13a, 13b) that may be regulated by the pressure of the working medium, which is applied at the supply port (9a, 9b) in order to obtain a smaller dimension of at least the valve and to better utilize the already existing space, specifically within the cylinder, and to better and more efficiently adjust the output capacity of the individual elements. A valve (V), particularly a switch valve (W) of a rocker valve design has therefore at least one inlet (16) and at least one outlet (17a, 17b) for the working medium, as wells as at least one control port (18).

Abstract: A fluid supply cylinder with improved flusbability, useable for supplying paints to a dispenser in electrostatic coating systems. The fluid supply cylinder having generally a piston reciprocatingly disposed in a chamber of a body member, the piston having a head with a face opposite an end wall of the chamber, a plurality of chamber fluid ports disposed in the end wall of the chamber, and a plurality of fluid conduits between a corresponding one of the plurality of chamber fluid ports and a common outer fluid port, whereby the reciprocating piston draws fluid into the cylinder chamber and supplies fluid from the cylinder chamber through the plurality of chamber fluid ports in the end wall thereof.

Abstract: A cylinder includes a cylindrical casing, a cap mounted to the cylindrical casing, a retaining member, and a piston rod assembly which is positioned in the interior of the cylindrical casing. The cylindrical casing includes a casing wall which extends along a longitudinal axis and defines an interior, an open end, and a closed end. The piston rod assembly includes a rod end and a piston, with the piston including at least one piston seal sealing against an inner surface of the casing wall, which divides the interior of the casing wall into first and second fluid reservoirs. The rod end of the piston rod assembly extends through the cap and moves between extended positions and retracted positions as a function of the pressures in the first and second reservoirs.

Abstract: A pressure medium driven device has a cylinder having a cylinder tube, means forming a discharge outlet for a pressure medium, a piston movable in the cylinder over a stroke having a stroke end which is dampened by a counter pressure generated by throttling the pressure medium within a dampening area prior to its dissipation into the discharge outlet, a piston ring held between the piston end the cylinder in the dampening area and used as a throttle, a dampening sleeve provided in the cylinder for guiding the piston into an end position, the piston ring extending under the action of internal tension beyond a piston diameter and expanding to a maximum internal diameter of a cone, the dampening sleeve having an internal cone causing a progressive dampening, the piston ring having a slit with a minimal width in the cylinder tube, the dampening sleeve being provided in the dampening area with radial boreholes which duct the pressure medium into longitudinal slots from which it reaches the discharge outlet.

Abstract: A cylinder device includes a casing with a pair of fluid inlet/outlet ports defined therein, a base plate, a piston fixed to the base plate, a cylinder, and a top plate. The cylinder device also has first, second, and third cylinder chambers defined in the cylinder between the base plate, the piston, and the top plate, a first fluid passage and a second fluid passage through which one of the fluid inlet/outlet ports communicates with the first and third cylinder chambers, and a third fluid passage and a fourth fluid passage through which the other fluid inlet/outlet port communicates with the second cylinder chamber.

Abstract: An oil return loop of a hydraulic cylinder which includes a plurality of equiangularly spaced V-shaped oil return grooves at the inside wall of an inner cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder for guiding saturated hydraulic oil to the outer cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder when the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is extended out. Each of V-shaped oil return grooves has two smoothly arched chamfered edges respectively disposed at connecting areas between the V-shaped oil return grooves and the inside wall of the inner cylinder to facilitate movement of the oil seal ring of the piston of the piston rod over the oil return loop.

Abstract: A hydraulic servo device for an automatic transmission is presented with a reduced axial length as a result of the manner in which oil pressure is fed into the cylinder. The hydraulic servo device includes a cylinder, a piston position to slide within the cylinder, a rod connected to the piston, and a cover member for closing the open end of the cylinder. The cover member, in association with the cylinder and the piston, defines an oil chamber in the cylinder. An oil passage for feeding an oil pressure to the oil chamber is formed by an opening in the cover member.

Abstract: A vacuum membrane pump includes a housing, a membrane and a head portion having a sealing surface which engages with a sealing edge of the membrane to form a seal. A pump chamber is formed between the head portion and the membrane. The head portion is cast from glass, and has at least one penetrating opening for accommodating a valve element on the side away from the pump chamber. The membrane rests with its sealing edge on a shoulder of the housing and, with the sealing edge, engages with the sealing surface of the head. The valve element is in turn engaged with the inside of the openings of the head. A closure connected to the housing delivers an axial force to the valve element. The valve element, the head, and the membrane are pressed together to form a sealed assembly.

Abstract: A rotary hydraulic actuator including a sealed vessel including brackets and a casing, a partition vane attached to a shaft supported by the brackets for dividing an inside of the sealed vessel into a first pressure chamber and a second pressure chamber and pivoting the shaft by a pressure difference between the first and the second pressure chambers, suction and exhaust hydraulic ports and a drain port installed to the casing, a hydraulic control valve mounted to the casing for conducting a hydraulic control along with the suction and exhaust hydraulic ports and the drain port, groove-like hydraulic pressure supply paths installed to a face of one of the brackets in contact with the casing for communicating the first pressure chamber and the second pressure chamber respectively to the suction and exhaust hydraulic ports and a groove-like drain path installed to a face of other one of the brackets in contact with the casing for communicating to the drain port.

Abstract: A hydraulic cylinder, comprising a cylindric tube (10) with two end covers (11, 12). One of the end covers (11) is provided with an opening for a piston rod (13) connected to a piston (14) which is displaceable between the end covers. The end covers (11, 12) are on one hand connected to the tube (10) via a screw joint (15, 16), on the other are provided with channels (18) for inlet and outlet of a hydraulic medium, to and from the respective spaces between the piston (14) and the end covers (11, 12). Each end cover (11, 12) comprises an outer member (19, 20) and an insert member (21, 22). The channels (18) for the hydraulic medium extend through the outer member (19, 20) and the insert member (21, 22).

Abstract: An actuator for a turbocharger includes a housing having a chamber therein, a piston assembly having a rod and a piston secured to a rod for axial movement therewith, a spring operatively interposed between the piston and the housing for urging the piston upward within the chamber. A hollow retainer is mounted to the housing and extends into the chamber alongside the piston. The retainer has a housed portion having a generally cupped shape with a cavity therein for receiving a pressure signal from the turbocharger. The retainer has axially spaced first and second peripheral protrusions thereon. An O-ring mounts on the retainer between the first and second protrusions and in engagement with the retainer and piston simultaneously. The O-ring rolls between the first and second protrusions in response to the pressure signal and the resulting relative axial movement between the retainer and piston, thus decreasing hysteresis in the actuator.

Abstract: A supercharge pressure control apparatus comprises a crimped member for securing an enclosure to a mounting member fixed in an internal combustion engine by crimping, a notch formed at one end portion of the crimped member for preventing the end portion from becoming cracked, a diaphragm disposed inside the enclosure for partitioning the interior of the enclosure into a first pressure room and a second pressure room, a holder disposed on the diaphragm and inside the second pressure room, a spring disposed inside the second pressure room for urging the diaphragm in the direction of the first pressure room or in the opposite direction through the holder, and a rod which is able to move backward and forward in accordance with the pressure of gas applied to the first pressure room for controlling the pressure of air to be supplied into the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: An end cap assembly for a fluid cylinder includes a cylindrical casing having a longitudinal axis and an open end, and an end cap closing the open end of the casing. The end cap has a first connecting device for connecting with the casing, and the casing has a second connecting device for connecting with the end cap, whereby the first and second connecting devices interconnect with each other. A backup device is disposed separate from and engaged against the casing or end cap, and prevents deflection of the engaged casing or end cap in a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis.

Abstract: In a method of forming tamper-resistant brake actuators, the ports for connecting air pressure sources to apertures within the central housing of the brake actuator are bolted to the central housing after the brake housing members have been inelastically deformed together. In this way, the deformation tools utilized to deform the housing members will not contact the air pressure ports. In the past, brake actuators have required spacing the deformation tools from the ports to avoid damaging the ports. This has required that the central housing be undesirably long. With the inventive method, the deformation is performed prior to attachment of the ports. Thus, the axial length of the central housing may be greatly reduced over the prior art. Once the deformation is completed, the ports are then bolted to the central housing. In this way, the length of the central housing and the amount of material required by the central housing are greatly reduced.

Abstract: The invention includes a light-weight, high pressure cylinder, and a method of producing such a cylinder. The pressure cylinder uses a composite pressure barrel for maintaining and distributing fluid pressure therein. The composite barrel has tapered ends for retaining a pair of end caps. A split tapered collar having a taper matching that of the tapered end of the pressure barrel is provided to lock the end caps to the pressure barrel. The tapered collar has a threaded outer diameter for receiving the threaded end cap. The combination of the tapered collar and the tapered end of the pressure barrel provide a wedge when the end cap is threadedly engaged to the collar. By applying torque to the end cap, the two tapered surfaces are forced together and the end cap is locked to the composite barrel to maintain internal fluid pressure.

Abstract: A liquid pump comprises an insulated cylinder which is provided with a top seat and a bottom seat. The top seat is provided with a liquid inlet while the bottom seat is provided with a liquid outlet. A piston rod is fastened with the top seat and is provided at the bottom thereof with a one-way piston valve device capable of creating a vacuum in an upper chamber of the cylinder. The bottom seat comprises a receiving space in which a one-way valve device is disposed. The liquid contained in a vessel is drawn up by suction via the liquid inlet. The liquid so drawn up is discharged via the liquid outlet.

Abstract: A linear-drive cylinder actuated by a pull means or by a pressure medium has a cylinder tube, in which a piston is guided axially displaceably. The movement of the piston is guided outward via force-transmission means. The cylinder tube is closed on the end face by means of a closing plug. Both the cylinder tube and the closing plug each have a transverse bore. A fastening means, such as, for example, a holding tube or a bolt, passes through the mutually aligned transverse bores, so that the closing plug is secured axially in the cylinder tube.

Abstract: Disclosed is a double piston rod type hydraulic cylinder having a pair of pressure chambers containing piston rods that reciprocate in response to changes of the pressure of hydraulic fluid contained in both pressure chambers. This hydraulic cylinder is used in, for example, a rear axle steering cylinder for industrial vehicles utilizing hydraulic power steering. Bushings are provided between the piston rod and a pair of rod guides that permit the sliding of the piston rod. Oil grooves are formed in the inner surfaces of the rod guide to connect oil inlet ports to the pressure chambers.

Abstract: For attaching a cylinder device to an attachment surface extending perpendicularly to the axis of a piston rod, bolts are inserted through attachment holes which are defined in a rod cover and extend along the axis of the piston rod. A cylinder tube has recesses defined in respective four corners thereof for allowing the bolts to be inserted from a head cover toward the rod cover without being obstructed by the four corners of the cylinder tube. The cylinder device can thus be attached to the attachment surface with utmost ease.

Abstract: A fluid cylinder, particularly for steering a marine outboard motor, has a tubular body portion, and a piston rod and a piston movable relative to the body portion. First and second end plugs engage open end portions of the body portion and at least one end plug has an opening to receive the piston rod passing therethrough. First and second end caps enclose the first and second end plugs and open end portions of the body portion respectively, and retainers, e.g. bars, cooperate with the end caps to retain the end caps on the body portion. A seal is provided in a seal groove on an outer surface of the said one end plug, and a flat washer is located adjacent the outer face of the plug and has a clearance opening to receive the piston rod passing therethrough. An inner surface of the washer engages the seal and an outer surface of the end plug, and an outer surface of the washer is engaged by the first end cap.

Abstract: A compact high pressure fluid operated cylinder and method for making same is illustrated wherein an end cap is held within the cylinder by a snap ring (E) carried within a groove at the end of the cylinder to prevent axial dislodgement outwardly from the end of the cylinder, while an O-ring (A) is carried within complementary grooves (B) and (C) within an intermediate circumferential portion of the end cap opposite the snap ring and an opposite cylinder wall portion respectively to prevent inward dislodgement of the end cap. By inserting the snap ring within the groove (D) while an inner surface of the end cap is in engagement with the O-ring so as to resiliently position the end cap in sealing engagement between the snap ring and the O-ring with the end cap in spaced relation to an adjacent end of the cylinder, a cushion seal is provided preventing chattering of the end cap during operation.

Abstract: An air over oil intensifier has an oil chamber having first and second ports (C) and (E), respectively, opening into a highest collection point of the cylindrical interior of the oil chamber defined by an upwardly and inwardly tapering surface (D) at a top of the cylinder in both a vertical and a horizontal position.

Abstract: In a rodless cylinder having a piston fitted in a cylinder body for reciprocating movement therein, and a moving member to be moved back and forth along the cylinder body in synchronism with the piston, there is provided a piping and wiring lead-out mechanism which permits the orientation in an arbitrary direction of not only the pipes of operating fluid pressure to and from pressure chambers of the cylinder but also of the lead wires of a piston position sensor switch. For these purposes, ports are opened on the lateral side, outer end and lower side of each of end plates provided at the opposite ends of the cylinder body to supply operating fluid pressure separately to a pair of pressure chambers in the cylinder. The ports to one pressure chamber are communicated with each other through passages provided in the end plate and cylinder body, while a groove is provided along an outer surface of the cylinder body for mounting a switch or switches thereon.

Abstract: A cylinder apparatus includes a piston and a cylinder tube including a first end and a second end. The cylinder tube is formed to include a central bore extending from the first end to the second end for receiving the piston therein and a second bore extending from the first end to the second end spaced apart from the central bore. The cylinder apparatus also includes a first end cap coupled to the first end of the tube and a second end cap coupled to the second end of the tube. The second end cap is formed to include a first port in communication with the central bore of the tube and a second port in communication with the second bore. First end cap and second end cap have similar configurations and use substantially identical seals. Therefore, the semi-finished parts of the present invention have substantially identical configurations, regardless of the specific embodiment selected for a particular use.

Abstract: A port mounted fluid control valve construction (18) is mounted to a pneumatic cylinder (10) through the first port (31) and second port (37) of the cylinder. The construction includes a removable valve body portion (22) which is detachable from a manifold portion (20). A tube (34) extends from the manifold portion to an adapter body (36). The manifold portion includes a first inlet (42) which extends to a first outlet (50) through a first passage (52). An ear (44) extends in the first passage. A spud fitting (100) which includes cutouts (110) which enables fluid to pass therethrough, is mounted in the first port of the cylinder. The spud fitting includes a threaded opening which accepts a fastener (102). The fastener extends through ear (44) and holds the manifold adjacent the cylinder. The adapter body includes first aperture (122) which is in fluid communication through the adapter body with the tube. A second spud fitting (100') is mounted in the second port of the cylinder.