Abstract: The design and construction of past articulated pistons has failed to include the most efficient cooling reservoir for transferring heat from the piston to the coolant. The present invention overcomes these problems by using an annular cooling recess of a precisely defined cross sectional shape and volume and a baffle plate fixedly sealingly attached in heat conducting relationship to the piston member to form a cooling gallery. The baffle plate has an opening therein and an upwardly extending raised portion to preestablish a trapped volume of coolant therein. The assembly, positioning of the plate and the preestablished trapped volume insures high efficiency of the coolant to absorb heat through the scrubbing action of the coolant on the recess and the heat absorbed by the trapped coolant because of the heat conducting relationship of the plate and the piston member.

Abstract: A piston for a reciprocating machine such as an internal combustion engine that has a pair of piston pin bosses that are defined by parallel surfaces that are adapted to engage and confine a connecting rod therebetween. Lubricant recesses are formed in the bosses and extend from the bore to an area where they can receive lubricant.The recesses are such that the bearing surfaces of the bosses subtends an arc greater than 180.degree..

Abstract: In a piston whose rod 2 is connected in a hinged manner to the upper part of the piston through the piston axis and whose upper part, inside an annular support 5 in the central region of the base of the piston, is to be cooled by the cooling oil injected from the crankshaft chamber, the problem which arises is to introduce the cooling oil into this region without touching the annular support 5. In order to resolve this problem, a deflecting surface for the cooling oil in the shape of a channel section 11 is arranged at the upper end of the rod 2. This channel section 11 guides the injected cooling oil through a radial orifice 10 in the wall of the annular support 5 inside the central cooling chamber 9 below the base 4 of the piston. To improve the cooling effect of the cooling oil in the inner central chamber 9, the latter may be isolated from the crankshaft chamber by a cover 12.

Abstract: This invention relates to a liquid-cooled piston ring carrier assembly and piston for internal combustion engines. The ring carrier assembly includes an annular metallic body and an enclosure member collectively defining an integral coolant channel. During engine operation, liquid coolant is directed to the coolant channel by way of an inlet passage in the skirt portion of the piston and an aligned inlet port in the ring carrier assembly. An outlet passage in the skirt portion of the piston and an aligned outlet port conveys coolant away from the coolant channel.

Abstract: A multiple piece piston is provided for a diesel internal combustion engine having a combustion chamber depression in the crown of the piston. In order to achieve a low rate of heat flow into the piston ring area and thus into the cylinder liner which surrounds the piston, a separate piston base or crown surrounding the combustion chamber depression is formed by a ring element made of a material having poor thermal conductivity, and the main body of the piston is made of a material with high thermal conductivity. The heat of combustion is thus conducted mainly axially through the piston main body and absorbed by sprayed cooling oil. The cooling oil, thus heated, can be utilized for heating purposes.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for heat exchange between the plunger in a plunger pump and a supply of lubricant within the plunger pump. The plunger may be heated or cooled by circulating a lubricant through a reservoir formed in the plunger and back into the sump of the plunger pump.

Abstract: The piston for an internal combustion engine, consisting of a piston head (1) and a body (2) of monobloc or two-piece construction, the head bearing upon the body (2) via at least two circular bearing surfaces (4, 5), the body (2) having a bearing part (6) receiving an articulation part (10) rigidly attached to the end of a connecting rod (3) and said bearing part (6) having on its piston head side a wall (7) forming a bearing whose bearing surface (8) is continuous, is structurally lighter in that the portion of its body (2) connecting the wall (7) to the bearing surfaces (4, 5) is formed of at least two thin, truncated conical partitions (11, 12) whose center lines (13, 14, 15, 16) are rectilinear, each of said partitions bearing upon a separate one of the circular bearing surfaces (4, 5).

Abstract: An arrangement for cooling the pistons and cylinder sleeves of an internal combustion engine. An annular cooling chamber is provided in the piston, and is open along the circumferential surface of the piston in the direction toward the cylinder sleeve. This cooling chamber is divided into subchambers over a portion of its axial height. Cooling medium is supplied into a given subchamber, while cooling medium is withdrawn in the adjacent subchamber. The portion of the cooling chamber which is free of partitions may be embodied as an annular groove which is disposed radially inwardly of the piston rings. The particular cooling effect is essentially brought about by the back and forth movement of the cooling medium not only axially but also in the circumferential direction in the annular groove. In so doing, the cooling medium wets the cylinder sleeve during the up and down movement of the piston.

Abstract: In a plunger for a cold chamber casting machine a mouth piece is positioned and held by only three small holding elements equally spaced in peripheral direction and fastened at plunger components. A cooling liquid pipe extends into the plunger. Between the front wall and the back wall of the plunger and the mouth piece, endside flow chambers are formed respectively communicating with the annular flow chamber formed between the plunger casing and the mouth piece along the whole circumference. Therefore the inside faces of the plunger end walls are completely accessible to cooling liquid and the plunger end walls are effectively cooled.

Abstract: A composite piston for internal combustion engines has an interior cooling chamber and an outer cooling passage. An annular rib protrudes from the inside surface of the upper part and that surface of the lower part which faces that annular rib. An annular flange is clamped between said rib and said surface of the lower part. A tongue which protrudes into the cooling passage is provided on that edge of said flange which faces the cooling passage. In order to minimize the temperature of that surface of the cooling passage which is near the combustion chamber and to maintain at least adjacent to the uppermost ring groove a temperature which is sufficient to prevent a wet corrosion of the piston and of the piston rings, the tongue defines a relatively narrow annular gap with that surface of the cooling passage which is near the combustion chamber so that the coolant oil is throttled as it flows through that gap.

Abstract: In a cooled composite piston having a cooling passage adjacent to the interface and a method of making same, the upper part consists of forged steel and is formed on its underside with ribs bearing on mating surfaces of the lower part. To improve the resistance to thermal and mechanical stresses, the upper part has been welded by means of charge carrier rays to the lower part, which consists of cast ferrous material.

Abstract: A piston for a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, in which the piston top (11) is secured to the wrist pin (14) by way of two support bearings (18) independent of the piston skirt (12). The piston ring carrier (16) connected with the piston top (11) is additionally connected with the two support bearings by way of a ring-shaped support element (19). A piston with a piston top (11) results which is capable of resisting high combustion space pressures.

Abstract: A two-stroke diesel or gas fueled multi-cylinder engine utilizes a re-circulating type constant pressure feed lubrication system and is equipped with a supercharger or turbocharger combination connected in series to assist in charging the cylinders with air and also assists in scavenging the exhaust gases. The piston head is domed to assist the flow of the scavenging air in an upward direction toward the inside of the cylinder, and to facilitate the flow of exhaust gases to atmosphere. The scavenging port and exhaust port openings are formed in the same plane through the walls of the cylinder above the bottom dead center position of the piston head. The lower side of the scavenging port opening inclines inwardly and upwardly toward the cylinder wall so that the flow of scavenging air creates a turbulent action as it enters inside the cylinder for efficient scavenging of the exhaust gases.

Abstract: A piston for an internal combustion engine formed as an integrally cast article having a crown portion and a hollow cylindrical side wall portion, wherein the crown portion is formed with a transverse hollow space, radially outside portions of which are axially traversed by integrally formed ribs, the hollow space being adapted to be circulated by lubricant for the purpose of cooling the crown portion. To supply lubricant into and to drain lubricant from the hollow space, a transverse wall portion formed in the crown portion on the inner side of the hollow space is formed with a lubricant inlet opening and at least one lubricant outlet opening, preferably at portions located between the ribs.

Abstract: A piston is provided for an internal combustion engine, having a crown portion comprising an upper part and a lower or ring-bearing part which two parts are of different metals welded together. The two metals are chosen to have the same coefficient of expansion but the metal of the upper part of the piston crown is less heat-conductive while that of the ring-bearing part is highly heat-conductive. The piston has a cooling chamber formed in it, part of which chamber is adjacent the upper part of the piston crown while another part of the cooling chamber is adjacent the ring-bearing part.

Abstract: A piston cooling oil delivery tube assembly for an internal combustion engine for use in directing cooling oil from a manifold into the coolant opening of an associated piston is formed with a rigid bracket and nozzle assembly attachable to a cylinder liner and forming a nonflexible prealigned portion of the coolant delivery tube passage and a connecting tube member forming a connector portion of limited flexibility between the cylinder liner and the crankcase mounted manifold. Various other features are also disclosed.

Abstract: A piston assembly for an internal combustion engine is made up from a piston main body and a lubricant reservoir defining member. The piston main body has a cup-shaped structure including a crown portion and a hollow cylindrical wall portion joining thereto, two piston pin bosses being formed at opposite sides of the wall portion. The lubricant reservoir defining member is made from a shelf plate main body portion which provides a central lubricant reservoir and two openings on its opposite sides, and two major legs extending from the shelf plate main body portion and each formed with a hole surrounded by an annular portion. Each of the annular portions is engaged with an inner end portion of a corresponding one of the bosses and surrounds the piston pin hole thereof.

Abstract: A piston assembly for an internal combustion engine is made up from a piston main body and a lubricant reservoir defining member. The piston main body has a cup shaped structure including a crown portion and a hollow cylindrical wall portion joining thereto. The lubricant reservoir defining member includes a shelf plate main body portion formed with first and second depressions which define first and second lubricant reservoirs, and is securely mounted within the cup shaped piston structure with the shelf plate portion generally to and opposing the piston crown. The ratio of the surface area of the first lubricant reservoir to the surface area of the second lubricant reservoir is less than the ratio of the volume of the first lubricant reservoir to the volume of the second lubricant reservoir. Lubricant is supplied more towards the first lubricant reservoir and is drained more from the second reservoir.

Abstract: A cast iron piston for an internal combustion engine with oil cooling of the head of the piston and comprising an annular cooling chamber located in the piston head in proximity at least to the groove of the first piston ring.Bottom wall of the annular cooling chamber is inclined uniformly inwards from top to bottom and having formed therein a plurality of casting holes one of which serves for an oil inlet port and the other for oil outlet ports.

Abstract: A two-piece piston assembly comprises an upper portion or a ring carrier part that may be made of malleable iron, cast iron, or a similar iron, and a lower portion or cross-head part, referred to as a skirt, that may be made of aluminum or an alloy thereof. The assembly is configured to increase the contact of cooling liquid with the underside of the crown and eliminate problems accompanying undue heating in this area of the piston. The cocktail-shaker action of the two-piece piston assembly is employed to enhance the cooling effect. A separate cup-like device is secured around the outside of the lower end of the crown member of the piston and is thus positioned between the upper and lower portions of the piston to retain the oil and effectively deliver it to the underside of the crown.

Abstract: In a composite, liquid-cooled piston, the upper part consists of ferrous material and is joined by conventional means to the lower part. A ring is provided on the underside of the upper part which bears on the corresponding surface of the lower part and constitutes a radially inner boundary of a cooling passage which is disposed on the upper part and open to the interfacial plane. To improve the cooling action in the hottest regions of the upper part and to achieve a more uniform distribution of temperature in the ring carrying over of the upper part of piston, the upper portion of the wall defining the cooling passage is coated with a material having a high thermal conductivity.

Abstract: A piston for a reciprocating piston machine, of the type swivelled by means of a piston pin to the associated connecting rod small and consisting of two members constituting the piston head and the piston skirt, assembled together by stud bolts. The central portion of the piston skirt is constituted by a cylindrical hollowed central boss, and the connection of the boss to the peripheral cylindrical surface of the piston skirt is by a peripheral annular crown. Said hollow of the central boss is provided with radial ribs.

Abstract: PCT No. PCT/US79/00259 Sec. 371 Date Apr. 23, 1979 Sec. 102(e) Date Apr. 23, 1979 PCT Filed Apr. 23, 1979 PCT Pub. No. WO80/02308 PCT Pub. Date Oct. 30, 1980Substantial heat is generated at the crown portion (18) of a piston (10). Cooling fluid has been directed to cavities (46) in the underside of the crown (18). However, at critical points of the piston cycle, the fluid drains from the cavities due to the forces of gravity. An oil cooled piston (10) is provided which includes a fluid trap (50) adjacent the crown (18). Some of the cooling fluid is trapped as it drains and is retained to enhance cooling of the crown (18). The fluid trap (50) includes a slot (60) permitting a jet spray of lubricating oil to be directed past the trap (50) to the cavities adjacent the underside of the crown (18).

Abstract: A reciprocating engine including a block having at least one cylinder therein, a piston reciprocally received in the cylinder and having a crown, a depending skirt and a ring-receiving groove on the skirt near the crown. The piston has a central cavity terminating near the crown and a coolant-receiving passage in heat exchange relationship to the groove. A nozzle is stationarily mounted on the engine and has first and second jets, the first jet directing coolant to the cavity and the second jet directing coolant to the coolant-receiving passage, both for all operating positions of the piston within the cylinder. A filtered oil supply for the nozzle is provided.

Abstract: A two-piece piston includes head and skirt sections having opposed annular recesses to define a continuous peripheral coolant chamber. A transverse coolant conveying channel communicating at opposite ends with the chamber may also be formed in the skirt section to provide cooling for the central portion of the piston crown.

Abstract: In a liquid cooled, assembled piston for an internal combustion engine which has a lower piston part, an upper piston part connected thereto, an annular cooling passage disposed in the upper piston part behind the top land and at least part of the ring-carrying portion thereof, an input coolant conduit in the lower piston part, a central cooling chamber disposed between the two piston parts and a supporting ring concentrically disposed on the underside of the upper piston part and between the annular cooling passage and the central cooling chamber, there is provided an oil guiding ring including a flange gripped between the two piston parts and a lip connected to the flange and protruding into the annular cooling passage for effecting the flow of the oil along the periphery of the cooling passage as it enters same from the input coolant conduit.

Abstract: A piston having a crown and a body connected together by bolts. The bolts pass through an annular gap defined by a pair of concentric ring members located between the crown and the body. One of the ring members is relatively resilient and the other ring member is relatively rigid. Such a construction reduces fretting between the crown and the body when the piston is in operation in an engine.

Abstract: Fluid passages machined in the annular brake piston and in the outboard brake ring of a wet disc brake system allows the circulation of cooling and lubricating fluid. An annular disc brake will deliver cooling fluid to the circumferential periphery of the brake disc operating cavity where the fluid relief passages machined in the annular brake piston and in the outboard brake ring will allow the passage of this fluid out of the brake disc operation cavity thus preventing the stagnation of cooling fluid in the brake disc operating cavity.

Abstract: An improved piston assembly comprising a generally cylindrical body having at one end a peripheral shoulder and at the other end a depending skirt, an annular ring groove protection band formed of hard metal and having a peripheral, radially outwardly opening ring receiving groove seated on the shoulder, and a crown secured to the body one end and having a radially outwardly extending flange engaging the band about its periphery and clamping the band against the shoulder. Insulating means are interposed between the crown and the band.

Abstract: A threaded cap screwed into the piston head with a sealed joint to a sleeve tube open and flanged at the other end are provided to encase the clamping screws that fasten the piston head and the upper piston body member and lower piston body member together. The casing thus formed shields the screws from possibly corrosive coolant that under operating conditions could work through the joints between the parts of a composite piston in spite of the clamping pressure of the screws. Each screw is screwed into the threaded cap at the piston head end and its head or a nut bears on the flange of the sleeve tube at the other end. The screws and their protective casings fit within bores in an annular strut forming a large part of the upper piston body member that butts against a low annular ridge on the underside of the piston head into which the end caps of the screw casings are screwed.

Abstract: An improved reciprocating engine wherein the pistons are provided with hollow compression rings having a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet and an elongated fluid flow path extending therebetween. A path is established through various parts of the engine including the piston for directing a coolant, usually oil, through the inlet to the interior of the piston ring to cool the ring during engine operation.

Abstract: A piston for a heat engine has a chamber adjacent the piston head, for receiving cooling oil for cooling parts of the piston that in operation are subjected to elevated thermal stress. An oil inlet and an oil outlet provide for a suitable flow of oil into and out of the chamber, to ensure controlled cooling of the piston in particular of the piston head surface and the piston ring area. The chamber can be of annular shape so that the central part of the head surface remains uncooled.The invention is particularly suitable for a composite-structure piston.

Abstract: The piston head is hollowed for a central coolant cavity and for an outer annular coolant cavity separated by a ridge by which the head is supported on the piston body. An outer shoulder also supports the skirt part of the head on the piston body. The piston body has an upper part hollowed in the center to form part of the central coolant cavity and a lower part having a wrist pin bearing with coolant recesses in the bearing, which are connected by coolant channels leading to the annular cavity in the head. The wrist pin in the bearing has channels connecting a coolant supply channel in the piston rod to the center of the wrist pin and thence to the bearing recesses.