Abstract: Examples of a pressure wave generator configured to generate high energy pressure waves in a medium are disclosed. The pressure wave generator can include a movable piston with a guide through which a piston control rod can move or slide. The pressure wave generator can include a transducer coupled to a medium. During an impact of the piston on the transducer, the control rod can slide in the guide, which can reduce stress on the rod. The pressure wave generator can include a damper to decelerate the control rod, independently of the piston. Impact of the piston on the transducer transfers a portion of the piston's kinetic energy into the medium thereby generating pressure waves in the medium. A piston driving system may be used to provide precise and controlled launching or movement of the piston. Examples of methods of operating the pressure wave generator are disclosed.

Abstract: A device for pivotal connection of piston (1) and connecting rod (10) in a reciprocating-piston engine comprises a connecting member (6) integral with the piston, with a bearing surface (9) for a connecting-rod eye (11), which together with the bearing surface (9) forms the pivot bearing of the connecting rod (10) on the piston side; the connecting member (6) is provided at least in the region of the bolting with planar contact faces (7), which together with mating faces (8) on the inside of the piston form a common dividing plane (13); the connecting member (6) is fixed on the side of the piston (1) facing away from the combustion chamber by means of one or more connecting bolts (4) passed through bores in the piston head (2); the bearing surface (9) is much broader toward the straight portion (10) of the connecting rod than on its side facing the piston (10).

Abstract: A connecting rod assembly for rocking piston compressors, diaphragm compressors and vacuum pumps is provided where the overall height of the connecting rod assembly is dependent only upon the overall height of the connecting rod structure and is not dependent upon the thickness of the diaphragm or the thickness of the retainer plate. The connecting rod includes a disk portion for supporting an annular diaphragm in the case of a diaphragm pump or a cup in the case of a rocking piston compressor or a vacuum pump. The connecting rod also includes a distal end section that extends upward through the annular diaphragm and through an annular retainer plate. The diaphragm or cup is sandwiched between the annular retainer plate and the disk portion of the connecting rod. The overall height of the assembly is determined by the distance between the end face of the disk portion of the connecting rod and the crank end of the connecting rod.

Abstract: In a rack and pinion power steering apparatus including a hydraulic cylinder housing, a pinion, a rack, a piston, a bolt for mounting the piston to the rack, etc., the piston is elastically supported by the bolt to a boss portion of the rack concentrically with respect to the rack at a position offset from the longitudinal axis of the rack in the opposite direction of the rack teeth. Therefore, it is possible to form a threaded hole, into which the piston mounting bolt is screwed, in the boss portion extending under the bottom surface of the rack teeth, thus reducing the longitudinal direction of the rack or cylinder housing to realize a small-sized power steering apparatus.

Abstract: A two-cycle engine includes an engine body having at least one cylinder, the cylinder having an exhaust port and at least one scavenge port disposed generally in opposed relation to the exhaust port. A piston is received in the cylinder for reciprocal movement therealong and having an outer peripheral surface for closing the exhaust and scavenge ports during the reciprocal movement thereof. The piston has a transverse bore extending therethrough with opposite ends of the transverse bore opening to the outer peripheral surface of the piston. The opposite ends of the transverse bore is capable of being brought into facing relation to the opposed exhaust and scavenge ports, respectively, during the reciprocal movement of the piston. A hollow wrist pin is received in the transverse bore and retained therein, one end of the wrist pin being closed.

Abstract: In a rack and pinion power steering apparatus including a hydraulic cylinder housing, a pinion, a rack, a piston, a bolt for mounting the piston to the rack, etc., the rack is formed at one end thereof with a boss portion having a threaded portion which is formed with large inner diameter cylindrical cavity between the boss portion and the bolt in such a way that the female thread extends from a position radially corresponding to near the middle of the boss axial length or near the end surface of the rack to the bottom of the threaded portion. Therefore, it is possible to concentrate a load applied to the piston due to difference in pressure between two chambers to the relatively thick rack, not to the relatively thin boss portion, thus improving the mechanical strength of the steering apparatus without increasing the size or volume thereof.

Abstract: An axial piston machine has a cylinder barrel mounted on a shaft and rotatable with respect to a portion of the casing. Between the cylinder block and the casing portion is a disc. The side of the disc adjacent the casing portion is concave and abutting casing portion is correspondingly convex. The disc is restrained against rotation and forms part of the valving means for the cylinder barrel. In one embodiment the casing and shaft are in two articulated sections. The shaft sections lie in a common plane and are pivotable with respect to each other about a point and the casing sections are pivotable about an axis normal to that plane and offset with respect to the shaft pivot point. In another embodiment the casing and shaft are each a single unit.