Abstract: A fluid powered, rotary actuator having a body, an annular member supported for rotation relative to the body, a fluid powered piston reciprocally mounted within the body, corresponding ball races on the body and the piston with balls disposed therein for transmitting torque therebetween, and corresponding ball races on the annular member and the piston with balls disposed therein for transmitting torque therebetween. The body has opposing, generally axially inward projecting support arms, between which the annular member is positioned with ball bearings disposed between the mating annular end walls of the support arms and the annular member. In one embodiment of the invention, the annular member has an attachment rim extending radially outward beyond the body, and adapted for attachment of an external device.

Abstract: An actuator for use in or with a glassware forming machine for driving a member through an arcuate path, such member being a pusher cylinder for moving glassware articles. The pusher member comprises a linearly movable piston for linearly moving a convoluted shaft attached thereto. The convoluted shaft has three surfaces thereon which act as tracks for three roller bearings mounted on a hub which is disposed about the shaft. Linear motion of the shaft is converted into rotary motion in the hub by the action of the bearings running on the convoluted sides of the linearly moving shaft.

Abstract: A fluid-powered differential ball screw actuator with torque-transmitting helical ball-carrying races. The actuator includes a body with an interior first ball race and first and second ends; a first stop stationary with respect to the body for engaging and limiting travel of balls along the first ball race toward the first end; and output shaft rotatably supported within the body and having an exterior second ball race; a second stop stationary with respect to the shaft for engaging and limiting travel of balls along the second ball race toward the first end; and a piston reciprocally mounted within the body for application of fluid pressure to produce movement of the piston toward the first or second end. The piston has a sleeve coaxially receiving the shaft, with a third ball race cvonfronting and corresponding to the first ball race to form an outer set of races and a fourth ball race confronting and corresponding to the second ball race to form an inner set of races.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hydraulic actuator for the control of valves such as the kind found in ships. The actuator has a piston which is actuated in a valve opening direction with a hydraulic pressure medium and may be actuated in the return direction by a gas-compression type spring. Certain emergency situations require an immediate closing of a valve or group of valves controlled by the piston acting through a spindle. Emergency closing apparatus includes an abutment on the piston which forms an annular chamber when the piston abuts the end wall of the piston cylinder. The housing has an emergency passage means in fluid communication with the annular chamber when the piston abuts the end wall to effect an emergency moving of the piston in a valve closing direction when a pressure medium is admitted into the emergency passage.

Abstract: An actuator for use in or with a glassware forming machine for pneumatically driving a member through a predetermined path, such member being, in one embodiment, a pusher cylinder for moving one or more glassware articles through a predetermined arcuate path. The velocity of the actuator is controlled according to a predetermined velocity profile and is effected by an electromechanical control means which controls the linear velocity of the piston of a pneumatic cylinder in one direction of motion.

Abstract: This invention refers to a piston machine, most particularly an internal-combustion machine, in which the cylinder wall performs a rotating motion round its own axis. Apertures on the cylinder wall allow it to act as a rotating slide valve, so that no valve system is needed. In the first example, the stroke movement of the piston is converted to the rotating motion of the cylinder wall (which on the same time serves as the axle of the machine) through bolts which slide or roll in linear guide-slits in the cylinder wall and curved guide-tracks on the stationary outer part of the machine. The use of the curved guide-tracks allows the adaptation of the time-law for the volume change in the working chamber, to the needs of the mechanics, thermodynamics and reaction kinetics. In the same rotating cylinder are installed two pistons of equal mass which fulfil an exactly symmetrical opposite motion, so that no free accelerating forces exist and therefore no vibrations appear on the machine.

Abstract: A neck ring mechanism for transferring a blank or parison from a blank mold section to a blow mold section of an I.S. glass forming machine includes a rock shaft and a pair of spaced cylinders reciprocable in opposition directions on the shaft. The rock shaft is provided with a plurality of longitudinal grooves, and a like plurality of followers are arranged in the grooves so as to contact at least one side wall of each groove. The followers are supported on each cylinder. One or more piston rings are seated in associated annular grooves in the rock shaft so as to preclude air leakage.

Abstract: A pump particularly adapted to produce a pressurized fluid flow has an upper drive section attached to and separated from a lower pumping section by a diaphragm. The diaphragm maintains the integrity of each section to prevent contamination of the fluid, for example. In a housing of the drive section is a rotary drive shaft having an end formed with a camming surface. The drive shaft camming surface engages a camming surface formed on an end of a reciprocating member slideably carried in the housing on a spring. A lower end of the reciprocating member extends through the diaphragm and has a piston positioned in a piston chamber of a cylinder of the pumping section. As the drive shaft rotates, the engaging camming surfaces with the spring reciprocate the reciprocating member. Fluid flow into and from the piston chamber is selectively regulated by valving devices.

Abstract: An actuator for converting axial movement into incremental rotation. Axial movement of a plunger provides successive increments of rotary motion of a shaft in a first direction through a predetermined angle, then automatically provides successive increments of rotation of the shaft in a reverse direction. After moving through a predetermined angle in the reverse direction the shaft rotation is again automatically reversed so the shaft rotates in the first direction.

Abstract: A reciprocating engine, in particular for motor vehicles, incorporating a drive shaft, at least one pair of opposed pistons rigidly connected together by a rod, and a swash plate mechanism incorporating a pair of rotating swash plates coupled for rotation with the drive shaft and defining an annular cavity in which at least one oscillating plate is rotatably housed. Coupling means pivotally connect each oscillating plate with at least one respective rod connecting a pair of pistons, and a hydrodynamic thrust bearing is interposed between each of the two rotating plates and the facing surface of the oscillating plate.

Abstract: A valve operator having a piston or diaphragm and connected polygonal piston rod which supplies reciprocable motion to a key or follower which acts within a spiraled slot formed in a coupling member attached to a valve gate to rotate the valve gate to a desired angular position. One embodiment includes means to bias the piston and the valve gate in a desired angular position from closed to open or therebetween.

Abstract: In a piston-cylinder device, a guide ring (11) that is provided with helical flutings (12, 26) is arranged between the piston (25) and the cylinder (2). This guide ring (11) has an inner fluting (12). With this it engages an outer fluting (26) on the piston (25). The outer ring surface (13) is smooth. It is provided with full length grooves (15) in order to conduct the pressure medium beneath the lifting piston. The piston (25) is fluted (26) only on one portion of its outer surface. The inclination of this helical fluting (12, 26) amounts to 10.degree.-60.degree.. A rotation-preventing plate (21) holds the piston (25) against rotation. This piston-cylinder device is formed especially for very high and also for eccentric loadings.

Abstract: A fluid motor comprising a piston and cylinder combination includes mechanism for locking an output shaft which is helically displaceable along its longitudinal axis upon actuation of the piston. The locking mechanism includes a locking element driven by a fluid operated motor for displacement in a direction transverse to and spaced from the longitudinal axis of the shaft, and a notch in the shaft for receiving the locking element, the notch and locking element have mating surfaces which are inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis of the shaft and transverse to the shaft's helical path of travel. The locking element motor comprises the piston and cylinder chamber defined within a body upon which there is also mounted a cam guide for guiding a cam member which is secured to the shaft on the opposite side of the notch. The locking element is secured to and extends transversely of the locking piston into an opening within the body adjacent the shaft.

Abstract: A piston pump assembly comprising a housing, a piston member mounted for axial movement in a bore of the said housing forming a piston chamber, and arranged coaxially relative to a drive shaft, said piston comprising a thin-walled member of generally cup shaped configuration, cam means associated with said drive shaft disposed in the recess of said cup shaped piston and cam follower means associated with said piston operatively connected to said cam means whereby rotation of said shaft effects through said cam and cam follower means axial back and forth movement of said piston in said piston chamber.

Abstract: A valve actuating mechanism for valves particularly of the plug valve type wherein a plug member is movable between operative positions by both linear and rotary movement. The valve actuating mechanism incorporates means for imparting linear movement to a valve stem and separate means for accomplishing 90.degree. rotary movement to the valve stem during such linear movement. Rotary movement of the valve stem is accomplished by pivotal linkage means that is interconnected both with the valve stem and valve body structure by means of omni-directional pivots.

Abstract: The described air compressor has an annular piston received within a cylinder for reciprocal movement to drive pressurized air on both piston strokes to an outlet which is arranged in line with the air inlet and driving power source. A shuttle valve alternately opens and closes ports at opposite ends of the pump cylinder to accomplish valving for the pressurized air. Rotative drive applied to an axially located rotor within the compressor housing via a planetary gear assembly alternately drives the rotor in opposite directions. A gear on the rotor is drivingly related to gears located on two threaded shafts which pass through threaded openings in the piston. Accordingly, rotation of the rotor drives the annular piston from one extremity to another in the pump cylinder.

Abstract: A piston and cylinder mechanism wherein the cylinder moves relative to the piston and the cylinder has a cam follower extending outwardly therefrom for engaging a cam track, the cylinder having some lubricant therein. A cam follower shaft is mounted in the base of the cylinder and has a cam roller thereon. Conduit means is provided in the base and the shaft providing communication between the inner surface of the cam roller and the interior of the cylinder to provide for lubrication of the roller.

Abstract: A rotory motion transformer (10) is disclosed which has a cylindrical housing (12) and a rotatable shaft (36). A cam (14) having ascending and descending segments (22-28) forming lobes (30, 32) is included in the housing and axially aligned with the shaft. Equal angular pistons (42-48) are spaced about the shaft (36) and are keyed therewith while remaining axially slidable thereto. The pistons (42-48) have helicoid faces on the surfaces facing the cam (14), the helicoid faces on the pistons mating with the ascending segments of the cam (14). Spring means (52-58) are provided to bias the pistons against the cam (14). When the pistons (42-48) rotate over the cam surface the space between each piston and the cam increases and decreases in volume periodically for each rotation. Intake port means (15, 16) adjacent the lobes (30, 32) provide fluid flow into the rotary transformer (10). Exhaust port means (17, 18) provide for removing fluid from the rotary transformer (10).

Abstract: An electrohydraulic control system with mechanical position sensing feedb is presented. A movable flight control canard is rotatably operated for providing flight control of the missile. A hydraulically powered actuator is mounted to the airframe with the canard being secured to the actuator shaft for controlled rotation of the canard. Hydraulic fluid under pressure enters the actuator at its base controlled via a rotary valve. A stepper motor is mounted to the canard and is geared to drive the rotary valve as determined by digital control signals generated by the missile guidance computer. When the stepper motor receives a train of pulses, the stepper motor rotor rotatingly moves the rotary valve from the null or closed position to an open position admitting hydraulic fluid into the rotary actuator causing the canard to turn.

Abstract: A free piston rabbit for an oil and gas well having gas seal and rotation features which improve its operation, reliability and durability. Circumferential grooves on the body of the rabbit have a turbulence-inducing configuration which improves their gas-sealing capacity while helically oriented slots develop rotation of the body of the rabbit to reduce the risk that the rabbit will become lodged in the production pipe and to improve its sealing capacity by hydrodynamic fluid action.

Abstract: A ring gear of a helically splined rotary actuator is separately and independently joined to the outer cylindrical body of the actuator and meshes with the splined piston sleeve of the rotary actuator. The outer cylindrical body is a smooth, continuous body. In one form of the invention, the ring gear is secured to the outer cylindrical body with flush mountings so that the entire body can be slid past end seals of a hollow boom or further outermost cylindrical tube. In a preferred embodiment, the ring gear is loosely joined to the outer cylindrical body so that it can conform to irregularities or tolerance errors in the splines of the piston sleeve and can accommodate bending in the outer cylindrical body or the rotary output shaft due to heavy bending loads on the actuator.

Abstract: A reciprocating-piston drive mechanism comprises a reciprocating-piston assembly defining a spherical socket and including a piston body. A connecting rod is arranged for pivoting movement in a plane and has a ball head fitted in the spherical socket. A coupling between the ball head and the piston assembly is arranged to transform the pivoting movement of the connecting rod and ball head into a reciprocating rotation of the piston body about its axis. The coupling includes a first coupling member attached to, and non-rotatable relative to, the piston body, and a second coupling member attached to, and carried by, the ball head, the second coupling member engaging the first coupling member.

Abstract: Doors and windows may be sealed in a particularly efficient manner by arranging on their periphery a flexible sealing tube which is adapted to be expanded by means of a pump which serves to pressurize a liquid with which the tube is filled. The invention is directed to a novel pump which is adapted, independently of the existing temperature, to adjust the desired liquid pressure in the sealing tube. The pump of the invention, while being of compact design, is also adapted for use with windows or doors covering very large openings. This is made possible by the use of an independent supply reservoir for the pressurized liquid, the reservoir being connected to said pump and being also connected to said sealing tube by means of a first valve which is adapted to be operated by a closing device. Between the pump and the sealing tube there is provided a second valve which is adapted to be opened towards the sealing tube.

Abstract: In a brake actuator device having a fluid pressure actuated service brake and a spring-applied, fluid pressure released auxiliary brake that cooperates with the service brake via a friction clutch mechanism, there is provided a manual release mechanism for releasing the spring-applied brake in the absence of fluid pressure. The manual release mechanism operates to relieve the tension of the actuating spring by causing the piston through which the spring operates to engage a stop formed on the casing of the brake actuator device, so that the spring is caged at its opposite ends by the casing of the brake actuator device. Extension of a retracting screw to initiate the manual release operation is automatically retracted following engagement of the spring piston with its stop to reset the manual release mechanism in readiness for a subsequent operation.

Abstract: A spring cushioned static seal hydraulically operated actuator is disclosed which contains a hydraulically driven piston arranged to reciprocate in a chamber. A spring couples the piston to a rotatable shaft which limits the torque placed on the shaft by the piston in its drive stroke. A return spring functions to return the piston and drive spring to their initial positions upon release of the hydraulic drive applied to the piston. A static seal on the piston seals at the completion of the drive stroke of the piston. The actuator may be used to operate a subsea diverter to direct "pump down" or through flow line (TFL tools) through wye-branched flow passageways formed in a diverter body member located on a submerged well head.

Abstract: A linearly driven rotary actuator has a tool or implement attached to the end of the output shaft. Various fluid lines are provided to drive the tool or implement as required. To prevent twisting and wrapping of fluid lines around the actuator, a rotary fluid coupling is provided as an integral part of the actuator housing.

Abstract: A gear assembly: a gear assembly which is used in a power assisted steering system of a vehicle.The gear assembly comprises a piston (1) within a cylinder (2), the piston (1) being axially displaceable in response to an input shaft (4). The piston (1) is axially rotatable by means of a track (18) and track follower (19) in response to axial displacement. Splines (40) on the piston (1) intermesh with teeth (42a) of a take off part (42) which is laterally spaced and in side by side relationship with the piston. By rotation of the piston (1) an output shaft (44) of the take off part (42) is rotated. In a modification of the take off part instead of being in side by side relationship is an extension of the piston and the track is of variable curved portions.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine, a fluid motor or a pump includes a cylinder block enclosing an elongated cylindrical bore. A double headed piston is slidably mounted within the bore. The piston and cylinder block are rotatable relative to each other about the longitudinal axis of the bore. Rotation is imparted by a sinusoidal cam and a cam follower. Reciprocation of the piston within the bore is accomplished along with corresponding rotational movement of the cylinder block. Opposed ends of the cylinder block include openings which are aligned with and periodically communicate with exhaust and intake chambers. Porting collars are slidably mounted to the cylinder block and are stationary relative to the cylinder.

Abstract: A mechanical-hydraulic damper for a load which is subject to shocks and vibrations, comprising a co-operating pair of elements, the first of the pair of elements being mounted in a body for relative axial movement in relation to the body and the second of the pair of elements being rotatably mounted in the body and so coupled to the first element that relative axial movement of the first element causes rotation of the second element which is coupled to a hydraulic system which resists sudden or rapid rotation of the second element. The pair of co-operating elements may comprise a screw-nut assembly. The hydraulic system may comprise a reversible pump driven by the rotatable element and pumping hydraulic fluid round a closed circuit including a throttling orifice. Alternatively the hydraulic system may comprise a rotary laminar hydraulic damper filled with high viscosity oil.

Abstract: A pneumatic actuator having a cap-shaped diaphragm cam rigidly attached to a resilient diaphragm retained in an actuator housing. The diaphragm cam is provided with opposed drive slots cut through the wall thereof, and with at least one correction slot cut through the wall at a bottom edge thereof. A drive pin coupled to a drive shaft is rotatably mounted with the drive slot such that a vertical movement of the diaphragm cam produces a rotational movement of the drive pin and the drive shaft. A correction cam having a shape corresponding to that of the correction slot is formed in the actuator housing beneath the correction slot and is firmly seated within the correction slot upon descent of the diaphragm cam to correct any rotational movement of the diaphragm cam.

Abstract: A miniature volumetric pump for determining the thermodynamic characteristics of oil effluents comprising a hollow cylinder and a piston moving in a straight line relative to the cylinder. The pump is characterized in that the piston is stationary and secured to the pump frame and in that the cylinder can move in a straight line with respect to the frame and is adapted to receive the piston in sealing-tight manner in its bore, the pump comprising a screen device for moving the cylinder.

Abstract: A pressure operated valve actuator is disclosed. In the preferred embodiment, fluid under pressure is introduced at either end to actuate the device. The device includes a cylindrical body having top and bottom end caps which close the body. On the interior, there is a central shaft which is rotated. A piston traverses the internal cavity of the housing, the piston being urged by pressure introduced above or below the piston. The piston is prevented from rotation by specified guide posts. As the piston traverses the length of the apparatus, engagement is made by the piston and the central shaft with helical grooves receiving a ball bearing. This achieves rotational motion from the linear movement of the piston to the central shaft. This rotational movement is imparted to the shaft, and, dependent on scale factors, a specified amount of rotation, such as one-quarter turn, can be obtained. The apparatus functions bidirectionally.

Abstract: An apparatus for providing rotational torque in response to fluid pressure including a housing having a diaphragm therein with means of providing differential fluid pressure across the diaphragm, a cylindrical plate acted upon by the diaphragm, a tubular fixed member supported coaxially within and attached to the housing, the fixed member having a longitudinal opening therethrough, a rotatable shaft partially received within the fixed member and partially extending externally of the housing, a longitudinal actuator member slidably and non-rotatably received within the fixed member, the actuator member having an axial opening therein telescopically receiving the shaft member and having an inclined slot defining a partial spiral about the longitudinal axis, a pin extending perpendicularly from the shaft and slidably received in the slot in the actuator member, the actuator member being affixed to the circular plate so that as fluid pressure is applied to the diaphragm the actuator member slides in the fixed mem

Abstract: A mechanism for selectively and/or automatically decelerating and positively reversing the normal direction of rotation of a rotatable shaft is provided. The mechanism includes a member which is meshingly engaged to a shaft driven by a one-way drive, such as the input shaft of a change gear transmission driven by a Diesel engine, and is operable to decelerate the shaft and positively rotate the shaft in the opposite direction of rotation.

Abstract: A piston rack rotary actuator, devoid of guiding tubes or rods along which the pistons reciprocate, is provided with guide bearings which eliminate or at least reduce the incidence of the separating forces which otherwise act on the racks (particularly when the pistons are moved towards one another) to displace them towards the cylinder wall and which thereby otherwise cock the pistons in the cylinder and cause scoring of the cylinder wall.

Abstract: A torque applicator includes a house and a stem extending through a bore therein, the stem including teeth which are engageable with teeth disposed on a piston axially movable within the bore and positioned between an inner wall of the house and the stem. The piston is further engageable with an axially movable element which is positioned between the piston and the inner wall of the house, the axially movable element including teeth which are engageable with teeth disposed on the inner wall of the house.

Abstract: An implanted tether-free externally powered motor with suitable reduction gearing drives a spirally grooved shaft having a ring housing for a shaft follower pin. A rectangular cross section chamber receives an ejection plate pivoted near one end to a first leg of the ring housing and having a resilient lost motion connection with a second leg of the ring housing near its other end. A compressible sac or pouch extends through said chamber and is fitted at its opposite ends with porcine valves and has conduit extensions outwardly of said valves for connection with the left atrium and the descending thoracic aorta, respectively. During use, the sac or pouch is cyclically compressed by the ejection plate, initially at the end of the ejection plate having the lost motion yielding connection with the follower ring housing, and subsequently at both ends of the ejection plate so that a predetermined volume of blood is delivered on each stroke of the ejection plate to the thoracic aorta.

Abstract: An apparatus for removing a casting from a die casting machine and transporting it to a predetermined location comprises a plurality of hydraulic cylinder and piston sets connected in series and arranged in parallel with each other for driving a product gripping and conveying mechanism 30 towards and away from the die casting machine, thereby reducing the installation space and the operating time. Preferably, the apparatus has a turning device 40 for rotating the removed casting, and the gripping and conveying mechanism is inclined from 5 to 20 degrees to facilitate the removal of the casting.

Abstract: A manually operable plunger extends rearwardly out of an elongated housing. An hydraulic force-multiplying system inside the housing causes a piston inside the housing to be moved forward when the plunger is pushed forward. A means causes an axially extending shaft that protrudes forwardly out of the housing to be rotated when the piston is moved forward. A conventional socket, as employed in a socket wrench, can be detachably secured to the front end of the shaft.

Abstract: A device for interconverting linear and rotatory motions, and particularly a pressure fluid operated actuator for rotary plug valves and the like. A piston axially slideable and rotatable in a cylinder is supported by first and second sets of connecting elements which are spaced from and inclined to the axis of the cylinder. Each element of one set is pivotally connected at one end with a fixed member and at the other with the piston. Each element of the other set is pivotally connected at one end with the piston and at the other with a rotary output element, for example, a shaft. Axial movement of the piston is translated into rotatory movement of the output element by pivotal action of the connecting elements. The connecting elements of the first and second sets extend from the fixed member to the piston and from the piston to the output element in opposite circumferential directions.

Abstract: Valve actuator for causing both rotation of a valve member and linear movement of said valve member.

Abstract: A brake cylinder device for railway vehicles including a built-in automatic slack adjuster and a manually axially positionable piston for resetting the piston and piston rod relative to the slack adjuster when necessary, such as when replacing worn brake shoes, the piston rod being interconnected through a nut and screw, friction clutch, and a key to a manually rotatable member, which, when rotated causes axial displacement of the piston rod and piston to desired adjusted position relative to the slack adjuster.

Abstract: A pulsatile flow pumping unit adapted to serve as a total cardiac replacement device, a cardiac assist pump for orthotopic placement, for extracorporeal application in conjunction with a membrane oxygenator for cardiopulmonary support during surgery or critical illnesses, for pulsatile flow coronary artery perfusion, and for filling and emptying of an aortic diastolic augmentation balloon for cardiac assist is provided. The pumping unit features simplicity of construction, comparative economy and reliability by utilizing a minimum number of working parts including a large diameter slitted rotary driver and cam operated follower means which avoids close machining tolerances and attendant high cost of manufacturing. The device automatically adjusts its rate of pumping in accordance with both preload (filling pressure) and afterload (pulmonic and systemic pressure) and in addition modifies its stroke volume in a downward direction when confronted with high afterload.

Abstract: A hydraulic disc brake actuator is disclosed. The actuator uses a first hydraulic motor for actuating a service brake, and a spring-applied, hydraulically released motor for emergency or handbrake applications. If the braking system malfunctions or is disengaged from its source of hydraulic pressure, the spring motor may be used to apply the brake by merely venting its associated hydraulic motor. The spring brake may be released by energizing a second hydraulic motor, or by using a mechanical restraction device to compress the spring motor. The spring-applied brake may be used as a parking brake or as an emergency brake.

Abstract: In accordance with one embodiment of the invention, a total cardiac replacement device or four chambered heart for orthotopic placement is provided. This device is a pulsatile flow, synchronous ventricular ejection pump which closely simulates the action of the human heart. An internal electrical drive motor is powered by radio frequency induction across intact skin without external connections. A grooved rotary shaft driven by the motor powers a linear follower disc in one direction to compress two blood compatible sacs which simulate the left ventricle and right ventricle of the heart by pumping blood through the aorta and pulmonary artery, respectively. Return movement of the follower disc in terms of rate is a function of right atrial and left atrial pressure and volume. Stroke volume of each simulated ventricle is independent of the other, as in the natural heart.

Abstract: In apparatus for molding glass into hollow-shaped articles such as glass containers, glass is delivered to a parison mold wherein the glass is shaped either by a plunger or by a counter-blow with the end of the parison mold, through which the glass is delivered, closed by what is termed a "baffle." The mechanism for moving the baffle on a conventional IS machine must be capable of moving the baffle from an upper, radially displaced position, to a lower aligned position over the mold. The operation of the baffle seating motion is accomplished by the use of a vertically reciprocable, fluid-operated motor in which a baffle arm carrying piston rod of the motor is turned about its axis during its upward and downward movement. The control of the fluid supply to the motor and the exhaust from the motor is such that the rate of movement is monitored and controlled.

Abstract: A hydraulic hand brake for a fluid pressure actuated brake on a railway vehicle has a cylinder and piston assembly extending coaxially from the brake cylinder. A threaded rod having a non-locking thread extends from the piston and has threaded thereon a traveling nut with a coupling surface on a side away from the brake piston engageable with a second coupling surface on a ring attached to the cylinder. A spring urges the nut in the direction to engage the coupling surfaces and a control piston engages the nut to disengage the coupling surfaces when the control piston is subjected to a hydraulic pressure. Subjecting the piston of the cylinder and piston assembly to a hydraulic pressure will cause the threaded rod to engage the brake piston and to move the brake piston in the braking direction.

Abstract: An operating mechanism for turning a butterfly valve axle or similar device has a piston/cylinder unit of which the piston is coupled to the axle and is provided with screw-thread means producing rotation of the axle as the piston is reciprocated in the cylinder. The arrangement of the piston/cylinder unit and coupling means is such that a longitudinally compact mechanism is achieved.

Abstract: A uniflow steam engine of the multi-cylinder type wherein the cylinders are rotatably mounted within a jacket having a sinusoidal cam track therein. Extending through slots, the ends of which are the exhaust ports in the cylinders and into the cam track are cam followers which are mounted on the pistons for reciprocable movement therewith. At the head end of the cylinders there are apertures which rotate with registered cutouts in superimposed valve rings that control the flow of steam from manifolds at the head ends of each of the cylinders into the cylinders as the cylinders rotate. By adjusting the relative position between the valve rings, the length of time of steam introduced on each cycle may be adjusted and by concomitantly rotating both valve rings, the initial time for introduction of steam may be adjusted to alter lead or reverse torque.

Abstract: A hydraulic actuator for producing translational movement over a long distance having two jack cylinders with pistons mounted for reciprocal movement and connected to a worm wheel through a worm gear. When a piston is driving, the worm gear acts as a rack to turn the worm wheel and when a piston is being returned to its starting position the worm gear rotates. Means are provided to alternately switch from one cylinder to the other.