Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a gas cooling-scrubbing apparatus and an associated method. There is provided a gas cooling-scrubbing apparatus, comprising: a cyclone jet scrubbing unit, a spray scrubbing unit, a filtering spray unit, and a coalescing dehydration unit, wherein the cyclone jet scrubbing unit comprises a cyclone jet scrubbing monopipe (2), a cyclone jet cooling water pipe (15), a cyclone jet pipe plate (14) and a cyclone jet overflow pipe (13); wherein the spray scrubbing unit comprises a spray filtering pipe (3), a spray pipe plate (11), a spray overflow pipe (12), a scrubbing nozzle (9) and a scrubbing nozzle water pipe (10); wherein the filtering spray unit comprises a filtering bed (4), a spray head (7) and a spray water pipe (8); and wherein the coalescing dehydration unit comprises a coalescing bed (5). There is also provided a gas cooling-scrubbing method.

Abstract: Embodiments of apparatuses and methods for separating liquefiable hydrocarbons from H2-, hydrocarbon-containing gas streams are provided. In one example, a method comprises positioning a H2-, hydrocarbon-containing gas stream in an internal volume of a vessel below a heat exchange absorption section. A hydrocarbon-containing liquid stream is positioned in the internal volume above the heat exchange absorption section. The hydrocarbon-containing liquid stream is countercurrent contacted with at least a portion of the H2-, hydrocarbon-containing gas stream along a tube portion of the heat exchange absorption section to separate H2 and C3+ hydrocarbons. The hydrocarbon-containing liquid stream and the at least the portion of the H2-, hydrocarbon-containing gas stream are cooled along the tube portion to facilitate separating H2 and C3+ hydrocarbons.

Abstract: An air pollution control apparatus 1 includes: an absorber 2 that serves as a passage for flue gas; an absorbent spraying unit 5 that sprays an absorbent into the absorber 2; and a reservoir tank 3 that reserves therein the absorbent. The air pollution control apparatus 1 brings the flue gas into gas-liquid contact with the absorbent to process the flue gas, while sending the flue gas in the absorber 2. The air pollution control apparatus 1 also collects and reserves therein the absorbent after processing the flue gas in the reservoir tank 3. The air pollution control apparatus 1 also includes a defoaming agent diffusing unit 6 that diffuses a defoaming agent over foams of the absorbent in the reservoir tank 3.

Abstract: CO2 is absorbed from a gas mixture by contacting the gas mixture with an absorption medium which comprises at least water as solvent and at least one amine of formula (I) where R1 is an aliphatic radical, having 2 to 6 carbon atoms and at least one amino group, and R2 is hydrogen, a C1-4 alkyl radical or a radical R1.

Abstract: Novel solvents and methods of use for the removal of CO2 from flue gas, natural gas, hydrogen gas, synthesis gas, and other process and waste gas streams are provided. The solvent contains an alkali salt such as potassium carbonate and a polyamine such as piperazine (PZ) where the polyamine concentration is at least 1.5 equivalents/Kg H2O and the alkali salt concentration is at least 0.5 equivalents/Kg H2O. The preferred alkali salt/polyamine ratio is from approximately 1:2 to 2:1, and no additional alcohol is required for solubilizing the PZ. This chemical solvent and method of use provides efficient and effective removal of CO2 from gaseous streams and other sources.

Abstract: Efficient deaeration of aqueous suspensions such as those obtained during textile treatment or pulp and paper production is achieved by use of a combination of a polyoxypropylene polyether polymer or copolymer and branched polyether-polysiloxane copolymers.

Abstract: This invention provides novel processes utilizing compositions comprising substituted polyamines as acid gas scrubbing solutions and methods of using the compositions in an industrial system. The invention relates to the use of such polyamine compounds in industrial processes to remove acidic contaminants from natural and industrial fluid streams, such as natural gas, combustion gas, natural gas, synthesis gas, biogas, and other industrial fluid streams. The compositions and methods of the invention are useful for removal, absorption, or sequestration of acidic contaminants and sulfide contaminants including CO2, H2S, RSH, CS2, COS, and SO2.

Abstract: A method of storing and dispensing a fluid includes providing a vessel configured for selective dispensing of the fluid therefrom. The vessel contains an ionic liquid therein. The fluid is contacted with the ionic liquid for take-up of the fluid by the ionic liquid. There is substantially no chemical change in the ionic liquid and the fluid. The fluid is released from the ionic liquid and dispensed from the vessel.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gas liquid contactor and effluent cleaning system and method and more particularly to an array of nozzles configured to produce uniformly spaced flat liquid jets with reduced linear stability. An embodiment of the invention is directed towards a stability unit used with nozzles of a gas liquid contactor and/or an enhancer for stable jet formation, and more particularly to reducing the stability of liquid jets formed from nozzles of the gas liquid contactor. Another aspect of the invention relates to operating the apparatus at a condition that reduces the stability of liquid jets, e.g., a droplet generator apparatus. Yet another aspect of the invention relates to operation of the apparatus with an aqueous slurry. Still another aspect of the invention is directed towards to an apparatus for substantially separating at least two fluids.

Abstract: A fuel delivery system includes a fuel stabilization unit that removes dissolved oxygen from liquid fuel to increase the temperature at which the liquid fuel can be elevated without substantial formation of insoluble products. At least a portion of the fuel with reduced amounts of dissolved oxygen is vaporized prior to entering a combustion device to improve mixing and combustor performance.

Abstract: The object of the invention is to improve delivery of the multi-phase mixture, in particular hydrocarbons from a well, and to limit the free gas volume. According to the invention, this object is attained in that a partial liquid flow (13) is split off on the pressure side from the main delivery flow and guided to the high-pressure side of at least one ejector pump (2) arranged on the suction side as an auxiliary delivery device. The pump installation provides a feed line (7) connecting the pressure chamber of the displacement pump (1) with the high-pressure side of at least one ejector pump (2), whereby the ejector pump (2) is arranged on the suction side in the delivery direction of the displacement pump (1).

Abstract: A method of storing and dispensing a fluid includes providing a vessel configured for selective dispensing of the fluid therefrom. The vessel contains an ionic liquid therein. The fluid is contacted with the ionic liquid for take-up of the fluid by the ionic liquid. There is substantially no chemical change in the ionic liquid and the fluid. The fluid is released from the ionic liquid and dispensed from the vessel.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods, systems and devices for mitigation of bubbles in a micro-fluidic environment. For example, the invention relates to methods, systems and devices for mitigation of bubbles from reagents, solvents, formulations and for improving chemical reactions in micro-fluidic systems, such as for fluorescence detection and polynucleotide sequencing.

Abstract: Methods for controlling dust which include applying an effective amount of a composition including an alkylphenol ethoxylate (APE) surfactant, a polyglycol, an antifoaming agent, and water, to dust-producing material.

Abstract: A high viscosity liquid is fed into a rotation pack bed at a position with a distance far enough from a rotation axis, creating a centrifugal force exerted on the high viscosity liquid overwhelming a drag thereof, so that it can flow radially through the rotation pack bed. A high pressure gas is introduced into the rotation pack bed peripherally and/or a suction force source is connected to a position near the rotation axis, so that a volatile component contained in the high viscosity fluid is entrained in the gas counter currently flowing through the rotation pack bed and withdrawn from the position near the rotation axis, or the volatile component exits from the position near the rotation axis in gas phase, and thus the volatile component is removed from the high viscosity liquid. A second fluid can also be fed into the rotation pack bed to react with the high viscosity liquid, so that a reaction product is formed, and a volatile side product is removed at the same time.

Abstract: A system for monitoring gas carry-under of a formation fluid exiting a gas separator by measuring a parameter of interest of the formation fluid exiting the gas separator is disclosed. The parameter of interest that can be correlated with the extent of gas entrained in the formation fluid exiting the separator can be the density of the formation fluid, or an absorbance spectrum of the formation fluid. A correlation of the measurement of the parameter of interest with a level of gas carry-under is made and a signal is transmitted to a device to control the supply of at least one additive to control the gas carry-under.

Abstract: Formation of bubbles is prevented during filtration operation by placing an oil on top of a solution-to-be filtered, where the oil is not admixable with the solution and has a lower specific gravity than the solution. The oil seals the solution from air so that no bubbles are formed. The oil does not pass through the filter even after all collectable filtrate of the solution has passed therethrough.

Abstract: A composition, a process for producing the composition, and a process for producing a nitrile are disclosed. The composition is substantially anhydrous or free of water and comprises ammonia and an anti-foaming agent. The composition can be produced by contacting substantially anhydrous ammonia with an anti-foaming amount of an anti-foaming agent. The process for producing a nitrile comprises contacting a hydrocarbon with the composition disclosed herein.

Abstract: A process for the removal of contaminants from a gas, using a gas cleaning agent, which contamination is selected from the group comprising aromatic hydrocarbons and (poly)halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons. For the removal of the contaminant a detergent is added as gas cleaning agent. The detergent is selected from a group formed by an anionic detergent, non-ionic detergent and a mixture thereof.

Abstract: A composition, a process for producing the composition, and a process for producing a nitrile are disclosed. The composition is substantially anhydrous or free of water and comprises ammonia and an anti-foaming agent. The composition can be produced by contacting substantially anhydrous ammonia with an anti-foaming amount of an anti-foaming agent. The process for producing a nitrile comprises contacting a hydrocarbon with the composition disclosed herein.

Abstract: A process for suppressing foam formation in a vessel includes the steps of feeding a liquid and a gas to a vessel at a liquid velocity and a gas velocity respectively; adding particles of a solid material to the liquid, the particles having a particle size and particle density; and selecting at least one of the liquid velocity, particle size and particle density so as to fluidize the particles in the liquid, whereby foam formation in the vessel is suppressed. The particles are preferably liquid phase phobic particles.

Abstract: A process for suppressing foam formation in a bubble column reactor includes the steps of feeding a liquid and a gas to a reactor at a liquid velocity and a gas velocity respectively; and adding particles of a solid material to the liquid, wherein the particles are wettable by the liquid, and whereby foam formation in the reactor is suppressed

Abstract: A system for automatically delivering an anti-foaming agent to a biological aste treatment system includes a sensor for monitoring the amount of foam present in the system, a pump for pumping a predetermined quantity of anti-foaming agent into the system, and a controller for initiating the pumping sequence when the quantity of foam in the system reaches a preselected level. The controller includes two relays. The first relay controls the length of time the pump is on, thereby controlling the amount of anti-foam injected into the system, and the second relay establishes a period of time following the pumping period when the pump cannot be activated, thereby providing a period of time for the anti-foam to break down the foam before additional anti-foam can be added.

Abstract: In a water recycle painting system wherein a water paint is spray painted on an object to be painted in a painting booth, and wherein over sprayed paint captured in booth circulating water is condensed and recovered to be mixed with the water paint for reuse, a method for suppressing foams in booth circulating water for effectively suppressing foams in booth circulating water generated when spray painting water paint to thereby maintain a good working environment, the method being characterized in that the booth circulating water includes a silicone antifoamer (A) and a hydrophilic high-boiler (B).

Abstract: The creation of a substantial volume of foam on the surface of an aqueous medium can reduce the apparent thermal IR emission substantially when compared to that of the aqueous medium free of foam. This difference in temperature (infrared emission) can be used to control a defoaming process or the addition of a defoaming agent to control foam in the aqueous medium. The apparent thermal infrared emission of foam is less than that of the aqueous medium. As the thermal IR emissions drop as foam develops, the difference between the apparent temperature of the foam and the temperature of aqueous medium increases. Such a difference in temperature can be used to control use of a defoaming process or agent. As the foam volume is reduced, the addition of a defoaming composition is substantially reduced or stopped. During the control method, a predetermined limit is established at which the defoaming process or composition is introduced into the aqueous medium.

Abstract: An antifoaming agent for fermentation, which comprises (A) a reaction product obtained by the addition polymerization of 50 to 250 moles of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide (the molar ratio of ethylene oxide to propylene oxide=1:1 to 1:4 ) to 1 mole of a mixture composed of an oil or fat and a polyhydric alcohol containing at least three hydroxyl groups; and (B) a fatty acid, an alcohol, a polyoxyalkylene polyhydric alcohol ether, a polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether, a polyoxyalkylene fatty acid ester, a polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether fatty acid ester and/or a polyoxyalkylene polymer. The above antifoaming agent has both foam-breaking effects and foam-inhibiting effects so that it has excellent antifoaming effects and does not adversely affect the fermentation production.

Abstract: Methods for inhibiting foam in crude oil or its fractions undergoing processing are disclosed. Low molecular weight polyisobutylene, preferably of about 320 daltons, is added to the crude oil or fraction experiencing foaming.

Abstract: An apparatus for removing bubbles in a filter housing of a coating equipment includes a cover coupled to the filter housing and including a bottom, an inlet portion, an outlet portion, and a drain portion, the bottom of the cover having an inclined surface at an angle, wherein the drain portion is above the inlet portion and the outlet portion on the inclined surface.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and a corresponding plant for the purification of gases, in particular flue gases, using a foam-forming reaction medium with which dirty gas is contacted in a reaction chamber, in which the foam is broken after the reaction between dirty gas and the reaction medium, the reaction medium recovered by the breaking and the settling sludge are separately collected and the purified gas is withdrawn. This invention is intended to enable the substances removed from the gases to be purified to be separated, when dirty gas having a temperature of <60.degree. C.

Abstract: A method for conditioning a gas containing entrained asphaltene-containing hydrocarbons for pipeline transportation, having the steps of providing a stream of gas containing entrained asphaltene-containing hydrocarbons; and applying a surface active compound to the stream of gas, the surface active compound being a mixture of demulsifying agent, antifoaming agent, dispersant, aromatic solvent and alcohol solvent, whereby formation of emulsion from asphaltene containing hydrocarbons is prevented. The surface active compound has the following composition by volume: 5-15% demulsifying agent; 1-3% antifoaming agent; 10-40% dispersant; 10-60% aromatic solvent; and 20-60% alcohol solvent.

Abstract: In the absorption of acetylene from a crude gas mixture containing mostly C.sub.2 hydrocarbons by scrubbing with an absorbing agent, an externally produced mixture of about 10-70% by weight acetylene-free C.sub.2 hydrocarbons and about 30-90% by weight absorption agent is introduced in the absorption column, in order to prevent the formation of foam. The mixture is produced in a static mixer outside the absorption column, and is supplied from outside the column to a mixing tank installed between two plates within the column.

Abstract: In the absorption of acetylene from a crude gas mixture containing mostly C.sub.2 hydrocarbons, a substantially acetylene-free liquid C.sub.2 stream is introduced into a mixing chamber located in the column between the feed points for the crude gas mixture and the absorption agent. The C.sub.2 stream is distributed into fine droplets as it enters into accumulated absorption agent in the mixing chamber, so that foam is not formed in the absorption column. The mixing chamber can be formed of a mixing tank integrated with a plate.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for decreasing the pressure drop in a column used for contacting at least one gaseous stream and at least one liquid stream, wherein a portion of the pressure drop across the column is caused by foam. The method comprises injecting a non-foamable liquid into the gaseous stream at a location, in an amount, and at a temperature which are sufficient to decrease the total pressure drop across the column.