Abstract: The disclosure relates to an activated carbon scrubber apparatus 300 and a method of its operation for carbon dioxide (CO2) removal from a controlled environment. The scrubber apparatus is configured to switch between: an adsorption configuration in which it is configured to provide CO2-rich gas from the controlled environment to a sorbent bed 302 comprising activated carbon for CO2 adsorption, and to return the treated gas to the controlled environment; and a regeneration configuration in which it is configured to provide a regenerating gas from outside of the controlled environment to the sorbent bed to desorb CO2 and regenerate the activated carbon, and to discharge CO2-rich gas outside of the controlled environment. The method comprises alternately operating the scrubber apparatus in the adsorption configuration and the regeneration configuration over a plurality of cycles, wherein the scrubber apparatus is operated at a cycle frequency of between 4 and 30 cycles per hour.

Abstract: A method for removing acid gases from a fluid flow using an absorbent including an aqueous solution with at least two different amines. An amine in a proportion of greater than 50 wt. % of the total amine amount in the aqueous solution is the first amine component in the aqueous solution, and a sterically hindered amine in a proportion of less than 50 wt. % is the second amine component in the aqueous solution. The fluid flow is brought into contact with the absorbent at a partial pressure of <200 mbar.

Abstract: A nitrogen-flush scrubber system for a controlled atmosphere room in which the amount of nitrogen required to flush the regenerated scrubber beds is significantly reduced. The present invention provides a dual-bed scrubber system in which low oxygen air salvaged from the active scrubber bed is used to flush high oxygen air from the regenerated scrubber bed prior to nitrogen flush. The scrubber system may include two scrubber beds that are used alternately to scrub air from the CA room. One scrubber bed is used as an active scrubber bed to remove carbon dioxide from the air. The inactive scrubber bed may be regenerated while it is inactive. When the active scrubber bed becomes sufficiently saturated, the control system may switch the active scrubber bed, using the regenerated bed as the active scrubber bed and allowing the saturated bed to be regenerated.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for separating off carbon dioxide from a gas mixture containing hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, which gas mixture is produced as residual gas in an alcohol synthesis. The residual gas is subjected to a physical gas scrubbing in which carbon dioxide is scrubbed out of the residual gas in an absorption step by means of a low-temperature alcohol used as the scrubbing medium.

Abstract: The present invention provides a gas pressurized separation system to strip a product gas from a liquid stream and yield a high pressure gaseous effluent containing the product gas. The system comprises a gas pressurized stripping apparatus, such as a column, with at least one first inlet allowing flow of one or more liquid streams in a first direction and at least one second inlet allowing flow of one or more high pressure gas streams in a second direction, to strip the product gas into the high pressure gas stream and yield through at least one outlet a high pressure gaseous effluent containing the product gas; and two or more heat supplying apparatuses provided at different locations along the column. Processes for separating a product gas from a gaseous mixture to yield a high pressure gaseous effluent containing the product gas, utilize the gas pressurized separation system described above.

Abstract: A nitrogen-flush scrubber system for a controlled atmosphere room in which the amount of nitrogen required to flush the regenerated scrubber beds is significantly reduced. The present invention provides a dual-bed scrubber system in which low oxygen air salvaged from the active scrubber bed is used to flush high oxygen air from the regenerated scrubber bed prior to nitrogen flush. The scrubber system may include two scrubber beds that are used alternately to scrub air from the CA room. One scrubber bed is used as an active scrubber bed to remove carbon dioxide from the air. The inactive scrubber bed may be regenerated while it is inactive. When the active scrubber bed becomes sufficiently saturated, the control system may switch the active scrubber bed, using the regenerated bed as the active scrubber bed and allowing the saturated bed to be regenerated. Before switching, the regenerated bed is purged to reduce the oxygen level, which increased during regeneration.

Abstract: Described is a device for conditioning a comminuted light alloy feedstock to heat and remove impurities from the feedstock. The conditioner device includes a reaction chamber having a substrate feed port for feeding the comminuted light alloy feedstock into the reaction chamber and a discharge port for allowing the conditioned feedstock to exit the reaction chamber. A scrubber gas baffle is positioned at one end of the reaction chamber and coupled to a scrubber gas injector which is configured to inject a scrubber gas through the scrubber gas baffle at a volume and rate of flow sufficient to fluidize the feedstock in the reaction chamber. A scrubber gas heater is also provided for heating the scrubber gas to a temperature sufficient to condition the feedstock as desired.

Abstract: A description is given of an absorption medium for removing carbon dioxide from gas streams which comprises aqueous solution of an amine of the formula I HNR2??(I) where one or both radicals R are and the other radical R is hydrogen. The absorption medium is distinguished by particular oxidation resistance.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a high-molecular polycondensate from a solidified polycondensate prepolymer by solid phase polycondensation. According to said method, the polycondensation cleavage products of the solid phase polycondensation reaction are extracted from the product by means of a process gas, and the process gas is then cleaned of the polycondensation cleavage products and essentially recycled. According to the invention, the specific energy input is less than 120 kWh/t, preferably less than 110 kWh/t and especially between 70 and 100 kWh/t. The invention also relates to an installation for producing a high-molecular polycondensate, said installation comprising a heating appliance (1), followed by a crystallisation appliance (2), a reaction appliance (4), and a cooling appliance (5).

Abstract: A description is given of a process for removing carbon dioxide from gas streams in which the partial pressure of the carbon dioxide is less than 200 mbar, in particular flue gases, the gas stream being contacted with a liquid absorption medium which comprises an aqueous solution (A) of a tertiary aliphatic alkanolamine and (B) an activator of the formula R1—NH—R2—NH2, where R1 is C1-C6-alkyl and R2 is C2-C6-alkylene, the sum of the concentrations of A and B being 2.5 to 7 mol/l, and the molar ratio of B to A being in the range of 1:3 to 1.5:1. The activator is, for example, 3-methylaminopropylamine, the tertiary aliphatic amine methyldiethanolamine, methyidiisopropanolamine or n-butyldiethanolamine. The process permits substantial removal of carbon dioxide and the regeneration of the absorption medium is possible with relatively low energy consumption.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a process for the conversion of cellulosic biomass, in particular lignocellulose-containing biomass into fermentable sugars. The invention is further directed to apparatus suitable for carrying out such processes. According to the invention biomass is converted into fermentable sugars by contacting in a reactor said biomass with an acid, while passing an inert gas stream capable of taking up water through said reactor, by which the pH in said reactor can be controlled.

Abstract: The present invention is a process to recover a high purity, high pressure hydrogen gas stream from synthesis gas. The synthesis gas is contacted with a membrane that separates the synthesis gas into a hydrogen-enriched permeate and a hydrogen-depleted non-permeate. The permeate is conveyed to a carbon dioxide absorber. The carbon dioxide absorber removes carbon dioxide using a solvent. The carbon dioxide-rich solvent from the absorber is heated and sent to a gas-liquid contactor, where the solvent is regenerated by nitrogen stripping. A small recycle stream of a regenerating gas, i.e., hydrogen, is subsequently contacted with the solvent, stripping entrained and dissolved nitrogen from the solvent. This stripping gas, the regenerating gas, or preferably both, are then mixed with the non-permeate for combustion in a combustion turbine.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and devices for reducing the concentration of combustible gases in oils. The methods and devices of the invention are of particular use in reducing the concentration of combustible gases in insulating oils used in electrical devices such as transformers.

Abstract: A membrane hybrid process for treating organic-containing gas streams to remove or recover the organic. The process combines absorbent scrubbing, gas stripping, condensation, and membrane separation, and is particularly useful in treating high-volume, low-organic-concentration streams. The process may be operated such that the only products are a clean air stream suitable for venting to the atmosphere, and a small-volume, condensed liquid organic stream suitable to reuse or disposal.

Abstract: The water is brought into contact with a gas mixture for the removal of its oxygen content. The gas mixture is then circulated in a circulation (6, 7) and at the same time the oxygen is removed from the gas mixture charged therewith in a catalytic device (9) by means of a fuel gas. For this purpose a gas mixture (15) is produced from a fuel gas (12) and an inert gas (13), conveyed to the circulation in an explosion-proof manner and added to the recycling gas by mixing. The fuel gas content and the inert gas content of the gas mixture supplied (15) are adjusted so that the resultant gas mixture (16) in the circulation in front of the catalyst device (9) has firstly an excess factor E=1 and so that secondly it lies under the ignition limit (Z). This produces by simple means a cost-effective plant, which can be operated so that it is explosion-proof.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for recovering a volatile organic compound at a recovery of 90 to 96% by volume from a gas generated from gasoline, kerosine, benzene, and alcohol discharged from storage tanks, tank trucks, and tank lorries. In the process comprising absorption stages followed by desorption stages for the volatile organic compound, the pressure at the desorption stages is controlled within the area below, for instance, curves C' and B in FIG. 1 of the drawings according to the concentration of the volatile organic compound in the gas to be fed to a first absorption stage.