Abstract: A method, an air treatment device and a system associated with determining a degree of utilized capacity of a filter for processing air present in an ambient volume. Determining a total accumulated pollutant amount in the filter. Comparing the determined total accumulated pollutant amount to a reference pollutant amount to determine the degree of utilized capacity. The reference pollutant amount is a pollutant amount present in the filter when the air treatment device produces a predetermined clean air flow. The accumulated pollutant amount in the filter is determined based on data obtained from a sensor arranged to measure a current pollutant concentration in the ambient volume and/or pollutant concentration data indicative of a current pollutant concentration in the ambient volume and an estimated volume of air processed by the air treatment device. The volume is estimated based on a current air flow through the filter.

Abstract: A system for identifying a modification of a component in an exhaust gas line of a motor vehicle, includes a particulate filter, a diagnostic system, a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, and an evaluation unit. The evaluation unit is configured to receive from the first temperature sensor a first temperature variable which is characteristic of a first exhaust gas temperature and to receive from the second temperature sensor a second temperature variable which is characteristic of a second exhaust gas temperature. The evaluation unit is also configured to compare the temperature variables or comparison variables which are derived therefrom with each other. Depending on the comparison, the evaluation unit is also configured to determine a modification of the particulate filter.

Abstract: An example article includes a substrate and a coating applied to the substrate. The coating includes a stabilizer and an organic phosphonic acid reactant. In an example article, the coating includes a water-soluble polymer and an organic phosphate or phosphonate reactant. An example coating configured to be applied to a basic gas filter substrate includes a water-soluble polymer and an organic phosphate or phosphonate reactant. An example technique includes applying a coating to a substrate and heating at least the coating to a temperature between about 100° C. and about 275° C. for about 1 minute to about 10 minutes. An example system includes a basic gas filter including a coating, and a sensor configured to sense an optical change in the coating.

Abstract: A method for determining a loading state of a particle filter of a motor vehicle. The method includes detecting a first differential pressure across the particle filter, determining a second differential pressure across the particle filter, and subjecting each of the first differential pressure and the second differential pressure to a filtering process in order to determine a filtered first differential pressure and a filtered second differential pressure. The method further includes subjecting each of the first filtered differential pressure and the second filtered differential pressure to an integration process in order to determine a first integral of the filtered first differential pressure and a second integral of the filtered second differential pressure, synchronizing the first integral and the second integral with one another to provide synchronized integrals, and determining, as the loading state, a ratio which is dependent on the synchronized integrals.

Abstract: Methods for monitoring and/or regenerating a selective catalytic reduction particulate filter (SCRF) are provided. The SCRF comprises a porous filter substrate and a catalytic composition capable of reducing NOx applied thereto. Methods include determining a SCRF pressure differential (dP) and determining the SCRF soot loading using a 1st SCRF dP map if the SCRF has not been degreened, or a 2nd SCRF dP map if the SCRF has been degreened. The SCRF has been degreened if one or more of a degreening cumulative time and temperature threshold has been achieved and a filter regeneration count threshold has been achieved. The 1st and 2nd SCRF dP maps correlate SCRF dP and one or more of SCRF temperature, exhaust mass flow, and exhaust volumetric flow to a SCRF soot loading. The method can optionally further include initiating a filter regeneration if the determined SCRF soot loading is above a soot loading threshold.

Abstract: An air filter for a fresh air system of an internal combustion engine may include a filter housing including a housing lid and a filter element arranged exchangeably in the filter housing separating a raw side from a pure side. The filter element may include an annular filter body, a first end plate, and a second end plate. A dust collector space may be disposed in the filter housing on the raw side and may be delimited axially by the housing lid and the first end plate. The housing lid may have a step which may radially delimit the dust collector space. A connection may be disposed in a circumferential section of the dust collector space which is not bordered by the step. The step may have a radial aperture fluidically connecting the dust collector space to a discharge stub, the radial aperture arranged diametrically opposite the connection.

Abstract: A system includes a device on a fabric filter having an attribute that is adjustable and a module on the fabric filter that is configured to adjust the attribute responsive to a control signal carried on a power line from which the module receives a power signal.

Abstract: A sweeping machine includes a sweeping brush capable of being driven in rotation, a debris container, a suction fan and at least one filter arranged in the flow path between the sweeping brush and the suction fan, in flow communication with the suction fan via a suction conduit, in flow communication with a pressure vessel via an external air conduit and at least one external air valve and, for filter cleaning, is capable of having external air stored in the pressure vessel applied thereto. In order for the filter to be capable of being cleaned effectively with as little external air as possible and with the external air being at as low a positive pressure as possible, the external air conduit includes a hood which covers the filter on a clean side thereof and forms a first section of the suction conduit which adjoins the clean side of the filter.

Abstract: A filter assembly and method of operating the filter assembly includes a hinge attached to a first end of a filter while a lifting mechanism is attached to a second end of the filter. The lifting mechanism lifts and releases the second end of the filter causing an impact such that dust and debris caught in the filter is dislodged.

Abstract: A system is provided for removing particulate matter from a particulate collection device utilized to collect particulate matter from a flue gas stream. The system includes a pressure vessel for storing a pressurized gaseous medium in an interior area defined by the pressure vessel. A first pressure sensor is in communication with the interior area and configured to measure pressure therein. A particulate collection device for collecting particulate matter from a flue gas stream includes a conduit in communication with the pressure vessel. A valve is disposed in the conduit and adapted to open to release a pulse of the pressurized gaseous medium from the pressure vessel into the particulate collection device. A control system is in communication with the valve and the first pressure sensor, and includes a controller configured to operate the valve based upon at least one pressure measurement received from the first pressure sensor.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for controlling regeneration of diesel particulate filter in construction machinery. The regeneration controlling method for the diesel particulate filter of construction machinery according to the present disclosure includes: a first active generation operation of actively regenerating a diesel particulate filter (DPF) according to a predetermined first active regeneration schedule when a quantity of soot inside the DPF within is a predetermined allowance section; and a second active regeneration operation of actively regenerating the diesel particulate filter according to a second active regeneration schedule, which is different from the first active regeneration schedule, according to the quantity of soot when the quantity of soot exceeds the allowance section.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to the introduction of an additive to a contaminated gas stream. An additive introduction system uses a compressor and carbon dioxide separator to provide a treated carrier gas for introduction of an alkaline additive to a contaminated gas stream.

Abstract: A system comprises: a filter for removing at least one of a contaminant or gas bubbles from a liquid photoresist to provide a filtered photoresist at an outlet of the filter. The filter has a filter vent. A trap has an inlet coupled to receive the filtered photoresist from the filter, for removing a remaining contaminant or gas bubbles from the filtered photoresist. One or more valves and one or more conduits are connected to the filter and the trap. The one or more valves are operable to reverse a direction of flow of the filtered photoresist, so that the photoresist flows from the inlet of the trap, through the outlet of the filter, to the filter vent.

Abstract: There is provided a method of filtration for a rail vehicle or other off-highway powered system. The method includes determining a filter load of a primary filtration system to an air intake of an engine. The method also includes determining that the filter load exceeds a specified threshold. Additionally, the method includes de-activating the primary filtration system. The method further includes activating a secondary filtration system to the engine.

Abstract: A method for metering an additive for a regeneration process of a particle filter activated in the exhaust gas system of an internal combustion engine, in particular of a diesel engine, the quantity of the additive to be metered in being calculated from the soot production of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A method for implementing particulate filter regeneration management is provided. The method includes determining a presumptive deviation between a particulate model and actual particulate level conditions of the particulate filter. The presumptive deviation is determined from identification of an occurrence of extended parking, a passive regeneration, residual particulates, and a pressure signal. Each of the extended parking, passive regeneration, residual particulate, and pressure signal is specified by a respective particulate model deviation type. The method also includes selectively controlling current to at least one zone of a plurality of zones of an electric heater to initiate a regeneration event based on the presumptive deviation, and estimating the particulate level in the particulate filter once the regeneration event is complete.

Abstract: A regeneration control device of a diesel particulate filter, includes: a regeneration control unit configured to combust particulate matter accumulated in a diesel particulate filter that removes the particulate matter from exhaust gas of an engine and regenerate the diesel particulate filter when an accumulation amount of the particulate matter accumulated in the diesel particulate filter exceeds a predetermined value, wherein the regeneration control unit is configured to perform lower limit control in which a lower limit of an engine speed is set to a value greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold value during the regeneration.

Abstract: A baghouse cleaning system comprises an elongated air accumulator configured to retain pressurized air and extend over a row of filter bags. An elongated air tube extends along the air accumulator and venturis extend from the air tube. The venturis blow pressurized air streams down into the filter bags to remove particles attached to an outside filter bag surface. A valve fluidly couples the air accumulator to the air tube and an actuator is configured to move the cleaning arm linearly over different rows of the filter bags. A sensor may determine when the filter bags need to be cleaned based on a measured air pressure. A controller can actuate the cleaning arm to clean the filter bags based on preprogrammed cleaning patterns, the amount of measured air pressure, and/or other detected environmental conditions.

Abstract: This invention proposes a method of removing pollutants from high temperature gasses prior to their introduction in to a heat exchanger of a steam generating boiler within a power generation system. The method comprises placing a filter system (100) in a hot gas flow path upstream of a waste-heat boiler. The filter system comprising at least two banks of substantially hollow elongate filters (110), each of which filters particles from the gas flow as it flows from an external surface thereof to an internal surface thereof. Valves (104, 106) enable each bank of filters to be isolated from the hot gas flow path. The method included periodically isolating at least one bank of filters while passing hot gasses through at least another of the banks of filters, and cleaning the isolated bank of filters. After cleaning the filters (110) lime is injected into the flow path so that it coats the outer surface of the filters (110) to produce a loose lime coating thereon.

Abstract: A system is provided for removing particulate matter from a particulate collection device utilized to collect particulate matter from a flue gas stream. The system includes a pressure vessel for storing a pressurized gaseous medium in an interior area defined by the pressure vessel. A first pressure sensor is in communication with the interior area and configured to measure pressure therein. A particulate collection device for collecting particulate matter from a flue gas stream includes a conduit in communication with the pressure vessel. A valve is disposed in the conduit and adapted to open to release a pulse of the pressurized gaseous medium from the pressure vessel into the particulate collection device. A control system is in communication with the valve and the first pressure sensor, and includes a controller configured to operate the valve based upon at least one pressure measurement received from the first pressure sensor.

Abstract: A system and method to control cleaning of an associated air filter apparatus is disclosed. Air flow across the associated air filter is estimated using a pressure sensor disposed at an inlet port of the associated air filter and a pressure sensor disposed at an outlet port of the associated air filter. Further, an optimal air flow across the associated air filter is calculated. The optimal air flow results in optimal filtering efficiency. The associated air filter is then periodically cleaned at a rate determined from the difference between the estimated air flow and the calculated optimal air flow to move air flow towards the optimal air flow.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for removing fine particulate matter from a fluid stream without interrupting the overall process or flow. The flowing fluid inflates and expands the flexible filter, and particulate is deposited on the filter media while clean fluid is permitted to pass through the filter. This filter is cleaned when the fluid flow is stopped, the filter collapses, and a force is applied to distort the flexible filter media to dislodge the built-up filter cake. The dislodged filter cake falls to a location that allows undisrupted flow of the fluid after flow is restored. The shed particulate is removed to a bin for periodic collection. A plurality of filter cells can operate independently or in concert, in parallel, or in series to permit cleaning the filters without shutting off the overall fluid flow. The self-cleaning filter is low cost, has low power consumption, and exhibits low differential pressures.

Abstract: Various systems and methods are provided for supplying heat to a passenger compartment during a filter regeneration event. In one example, a first phase of a filter regeneration event is initiated for a filter in an internal combustion engine based on one or more parameters, with heat produced by the engine then supplied to a heater core during the first phase, and the first phase extended if heating is requested. The engine may be operated at reduced efficiency during the filter regeneration event, and in some embodiments, the method may further include injecting an additional amount of fuel during a second phase of the filter regeneration event after the first phase ends to cause soot combustion in the filter.

Abstract: A V-pack filter includes a frame construction having a first frame structure and a second frame structure. The V-pack filter also includes first and second panel sections mounted in extension between the first and second frame structures. The first panel section has first and second ends. The second panel section has third and fourth ends. The first and third ends have a first distance therebetween while the second and fourth ends have a second distance therebetween. The second distance is generally greater than the first distance. The first and second panel sections and the second frame structure define an air flow aperture. A seal arrangement circumscribes the air flow aperture and projects outwardly from the second frame structure. The first frame structure defines a first receiver indent. Assemblies and methods are also included.

Abstract: The invention refers to a plant and a method for separating oil in form of particles and/or mist from a fossil gas mixture for obtaining a separated gas. The plant comprises a centrifugal separator with a stationary casing defining a separation space. The casing permits a pressure of at least 10 bars in the separation space. The centrifugal separator comprises an inlet for the gas mixture, a gas outlet for the separated gas and an oil outlet for discharging separated oil. A separating member for separating the gas mixture comprises a plurality of separating discs and is provided in the separation space. A drive motor is connected to the separating member via a spindle and rotate the separating member about an axis (x) of rotation.

Abstract: A system for a vehicle includes a regeneration module and a disconnection indication module. The regeneration module indicates when a regeneration of a particulate filter is complete. The disconnection indication module receives a pressure difference across the particulate filter measured using delta pressure sensor. The delta pressure sensor generates the pressure difference based on first and second pressures upstream and downstream of the particulate filter applied to the delta pressure sensor using upstream and downstream pressure lines, respectively. In response to an indication that the regeneration of the particulate filter is complete, the disconnection indication module selectively indicates that the downstream pressure line is disconnected based on a comparison of the pressure difference and a predetermined pressure.

Abstract: There is provided a method of filtration for a rail vehicle or other off-highway powered system. The method includes determining a filter load of a primary filtration system to an air intake of an engine. The method also includes determining that the filter load exceeds a specified threshold. Additionally, the method includes de-activating the primary filtration system. The method further includes activating a secondary filtration system to the engine.

Abstract: A nonwoven felt for hot gas filtration. The fibers have a polyarylene sulfide (PAS) component that contains a zinc compound. In one embodiment, the PAS comprises at least one zinc(II) salt of an organic carboxylic acid. Also a method for filtering hot gases employing a bag made from a PAS component that contains a zinc or a zinc based additive.

Abstract: An engine compartment arrangement for an agricultural harvester comprises an engine (10), a diesel particulate filter (12) coupled to the engine (10) to receive and filter hot exhaust gases therefrom, a fan (14), a radiator (16) disposed in a cooling airflow path in front of the fan (14) and coupled to the engine (10) to cool said engine (10), a cleaning air duct (18) having a first end (20) disposed immediately behind the fan (14) to receive a portion of the air ejected from the fan (14), and having a second end (22) disposed adjacent to the top of the diesel particulate filter (12) to exhaust a jet of the ejected air at a sufficient speed and in sufficient volume across the top surface (24) of the diesel particular filter (12) to prevent an accumulation of agricultural debris on top of the diesel particulate filter (12).

Abstract: Assemblies, features, and techniques for pulse jet air cleaner assemblies and their operation are described. In general, the techniques relate to: providing for advantageous dust egress arrangement from the housing; and, preferred pulse control logic. This can be advantageous in field operation.

Abstract: A method for regenerating a particulate filter may comprise calculating a soot layer state correction factor based on a rate of regeneration and a rate of particulate loading in the particulate filter and calculating an estimated soot load in the particulate filter based on a pressure drop of an exhaust gas flowing through the particulate filter and the calculated soot layer state correction factor. The method for regenerating the particulate filter may further comprise causing regeneration of the particulate filter when the estimated soot load is greater than or equal to a threshold value.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for unblocking a perforated rotary filter screen. In the invention, at least one jet of high pressure air is directed at a surface of the filter screen as the filter screen is rotated and the or each jet of air is moved in a direction transverse to the direction of movement of the perforations in the screen in order to cause the or each air jet to trace a spiral or helical path over the surface of the screen.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an automatically replaceable apparatus for collecting byproducts in semiconductor producing equipment and a control method thereof. The apparatus includes several trap units mounted to a vertical shaft at regular angular intervals and rotating in response to a driving direction of a servo motor. Upper and lower plates support the vertical shaft, and connect byproduct inlet and outlet ports, cleaning-water supply and discharge ports, and dry-gas supply and exhaust ports to the respective trap units. Trap and plate coupling means are extended at normal times to air-tightly seal gaps between the upper and lower plates and the trap units, and contracted when the trap units are rotated in a predetermined direction for the replacement. The servo motor is mounted to a lower surface of the lower plate and rotates the trap units within a predetermined angular range. A control unit controls the operation of the components.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for estimating an amount of deposited particulates (PM) in a collector of an internal combustion engine. The method includes estimating the amount of inflow of PM into the collector and estimating a basic amount of decreased PM that flows into the collector and is burned and decreased. The method also includes estimating the amount of ash deposited on the collector. The method further includes correcting the basic amount of decreased PM based on the estimated amount of ash. Moreover, the method includes estimating an amount of deposited PM by a history expression based on the estimated amount of inflow of PM and the corrected amount of decreased PM. A related device is also disclosed.

Abstract: A system for cleaning at least one filter in a baghouse and an associated method for providing the system. The at least one filter separate a dirty gas chamber from a clean gas chamber, and filters at least one substance from a gas. The system includes a supply of compressed air and a blowpipe to direct the air at the at least one filter to dislodge a collected amount of the at least one substance from the at least one filter. The blowpipe has a cross-sectional flow area through which the compressed air flows. A valve controls provision of the compressed air. The valve has a cross-sectional flow area though which the compressed gas flows. The cross-sectional area of the valve is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the blowpipe to provide for air pressure at the valve to be greater than air pressure at the blowpipe.

Abstract: An adaptable dual direction, differential pressure assembly is disclosed. Solenoid valves release controlled bursts of air into a top of a container. A rate of the controlled bursts of air is partially responsive to a pressure differential between atmospheric pressure and that of compressed air in the reservoir. A pleated filter is fitted inside of the container. The pleated filter has an inner wall and an outer wall and has pleatings separated using hot melt glue beads there between. The controlled bursts of air are programmed to be substantially automatically responsive to one or more pressure differentials between an inner wall and an outer wall. In one embodiment, air is drawn from the blower through the pleated filter from the inner wall to the outer wall until a desired pressure differential is achieved.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purifying apparatus for a diesel engine has a filter provided in an exhaust pipe of the engine for trapping diesel particulates contained in exhaust gas. The filter is re-generated when an accumulated amount of the diesel particulates exceeds a predetermined value. An electronic control unit estimates the accumulated amount of the diesel particulates from a pressure loss at the filter, based on an accumulation characteristic in which the pressure loss is related to the accumulated amount of the diesel particulates, and corrects the accumulation characteristic depending on flow velocity of the exhaust gas.

Abstract: A method is described for recycling hydrogen (H2) supplied to a chamber (10) in a gas stream comprising hydrogen and at least one other gas, such as silane. A gas comprising at least hydrogen is drawn from the chamber (10) using a first vacuum pump (32) that exhausts gas therefrom at a sub-atmospheric pressure. A portion of the gas exhausted from the first vacuum pump (32), for example between 70 and 95% of this gas, is diverted away from a second vacuum pump (34) backing the first vacuum pump (32). In one embodiment, the diverted portion of the sub-atmospheric pressure gas is treated to produce a purified gas comprising hydrogen, which is stored in a storage vessel (14). The composition of the purified gas is analysed, and, depending on the results of the analysis, at least one of hydrogen and silane is added to the stored gas so that the composition of the stored gas is similar to that of the gas initially supplied to the chamber (10). Gas is then supplied to the chamber (10) from the storage vessel (14).

Abstract: A regeneration method for a particulate filter includes estimating a quantity of particulate matter trapped within the particulate filter, comparing the quantity of particulate matter to a predetermined quantity, heating at least a portion of the particulate filter to a combustion temperature of the particulate matter, and introducing hydrocarbon fuel to the particulate filter. The hydrocarbon fuel facilitates combustion of the particulate matter to regenerate the particulate filter.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method with associated device for the removal of fine particulates from the air in open areas and includes the phases of suction intake, filtering and re-emission into the atmosphere of the air taken from the environment at a height near the ground. The device also provides for the cleaning of the filtering equipment and for the discharge of the washing sludge for subsequent disposal.

Abstract: A compressed air producing method, in which two or more adsorption columns, in all or part of which a zeolite-series adsorbent is charged, are switched over to purify feed air and the adsorbent charged in at least one adsorption column of said adsorption columns is regenerated in turn with regeneration gas, is characterized by comprising a step of performing, when an adsorption column (R) in a regeneration step transfers to a purification step, the purge of said adsorbent with purified air, and characterized in that the internal pressure of an adsorption column (R) in the purge step is controlled such that a differential pressure thereof from the internal pressure of an adsorption column (P) in the purification step falls within a specified value.

Abstract: A cone (36) and a ring (38) are accessories separately used during respective phases of cleaning a diesel particulate filter (10, 10?) in a cleaning machine that uses compressed air pulses to clean the substrate (12) where particulate matter in engine exhaust has been trapped. In one phase the ring covers the outer perimeter margin of one end face of the substrate, and in the other phase the cone covers a central inner zone of the end face.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an exhaust emission control apparatus for an internal combustion engine and a process for operating it. The exhaust emission control has a particulate filter for filtering particulate matter from the exhaust of the internal combustion engine, at least one temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the exhaust, an evaluation unit for evaluating the detected temperature, particularly with regard to a particulate mass burned during a regeneration operation of the particulate filter. The temperature sensor is positioned inside the particulate filter.

Abstract: A cleaning process for filtration material of a gas filter is disclosed. A first step hinders the gas flow from passing through the filtration material by closing the clean gas side of a single segment or a row of filter segments. A second step provides a slow gas flow to the closed filter segments to cause a reverse gas flow through the filtration material. A third step opens an impulse valve for an ultra short time to create a compressed gas impulse for disengaging the particles which did not fall off the filtration material during the second step of the cleaning process. A fourth step shuts off the reverse flow gas supply. A device for separating one or several filter segments from the clean gas side of the filter filtration material is also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of adjusting a unit that is used to control an installation for the adsorption treatment of a gas, comprising: at least a first member and a second member (2, 5, R0, . . . , R9) which receive a gas; a connection conduit (3, 4, 6, 7) which connects the first and second members to one another; and a valve on the connection conduit, which is closed and opened selectively in accordance with a variable valve-opening parameter. The control unit controls the opening of the valve according to the opening parameter on the basis of: an earlier opening parameter for the valve, a provisional valve opening parameter and at least one correction parameter. The inventive method comprises a step (a) in which the correction parameter is adjusted as a function of the installation and flow parameters.

Abstract: A filter apparatus includes a gas-impermeable outer conduit having an open end and a closed end. The interior of the outer conduit is axially divided into first and second sides. A first clean and first dirty flow path are defined within the first side. A first gas-permeable liner separates the first clean flow path from the first dirty flow path and from the open end. A second clean and second dirty flow path, are defined within the second side. A second gas-permeable liner separates the second clean flow path from the second dirty flow paths and from the open end. A control valve connects one of the first clean and second clean flow paths to an exhaust conduit, and connects the other clean flow path to a selectively pulsed supply of cleaning gas.

Abstract: A filter system includes a set of modules, each module including screen assemblies and filter media sandwiched between the screen assemblies. A plurality of control assemblies are associated with each of the modules. Each of the control assemblies is in fluid communication with a corresponding module to control flow through the corresponding module. The control assemblies selectively control fluid in each of the modules between at least one of a forward flow through the screen assemblies to treat an influent flow, a bypass flow to bypass at least one of the modules, and a reverse flow to backwash a given filter media. A method of filtering influent includes providing an influent flow to a set of modules, each module including screen assemblies and filter media sandwiched between the screen assemblies. The influent is filtered by directing the influent through the set of modules. A given module is bypassed when the given module becomes occluded.

Abstract: In order to calculate an estimation of the quantity of accumulated particulates in a filter (32), a first estimation calculation unit (100) that outputs first estimation data (XA) calculated from the filter before and after differential pressure, and a second estimation calculation unit (110) that outputs second estimation data (XB) based on the engine operation status. Of the first and second estimation data (XA, XB), the estimation data having the higher dependability, as viewed from the engine speed at that time, is selected, whether or not to regenerate the filter is determined and with the differential between the first and second estimation (XA, XB) also taken into consideration, when the differential is larger than a prescribed value, even if the engine speed is high, the first estimation data XA is not selected since there is a risk that the dependability of the estimation value is low due to cracking of the accumulated particulates.

Abstract: A particulate trap has a housing with an inlet and an outlet. The particulate trap also has a plurality of fluidly isolated filters stacked within the housing, between the inlet and the outlet. The stacked plurality of filters have a stack direction and a transverse direction and the flow of exhaust is directed through the plurality of filters in the transverse direction. The particulate trap further has an actuator with a blocking portion configured for linear movement to selectively block exhaust flow through each of the plurality of filters.

Abstract: A gas/liquid phase separator includes a fluid inlet, a vapor outlet, a liquid outlet, and first and second valves disposed in fluid communication with the liquid outlet. Both valves are controllable in response to a fluid level in the gas/liquid phase separator. Both valves are further disposed in parallel fluid communication with each other. A method of controlling a liquid level in the phase separator includes sensing an amount of liquid in the phase separator, sensing a system pressure, and selectively opening a valve disposed in fluid communication with the phase separator to drain the liquid.