Abstract: There is provided a technique that includes: a first processing module including a first process container in which at least one substrate is processed and a substrate loading port installed at a front side of the first processing module; a first utility system including a first supply system configured to supply a first processing gas into the first process container, a surface of the first utility system is connected or arranged close to a rear surface of the first processing module; and a first vacuum-exhauster arranged behind the first processing module and configured to exhaust an inside of the first process container, wherein the first vacuum-exhauster includes an outer side surface configured such that the outer side surface does not protrude more outward than an outer side surface of the first utility system.

Abstract: A solar collection system includes an absorption refrigeration system to generate water from atmospheric moisture, and to do so without the use of an electrically operated compressor. At least a portion of the solar energy captured by the solar collection system is used to operate the absorption refrigeration cycle. The absorption refrigeration cycle provides cooling that causes water in the atmosphere to condense into a liquid that can be collected and used for various applications. As one example, the collected liquid can be used for the cleaning of the solar collection system of contaminants like dust or bird drippings. In other applications, the water can be used outside the solar collection system including, but not limited to, irrigation, drinking, and other industrial purposes.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for conversion of light paraffinic gases to form liquid products in a process performed in a fixed bed radial-flow reactor. The light paraffins can correspond to C3+ paraffins. Examples of liquid products that can be formed include C6-C12 aromatics, such as benzene, toluene, and xylene. The fixed bed radial-flow reactor can allow for improved control over the reaction conditions for paraffin conversion in spite of the fixed bed nature of the reactor. This can allow the process to operate with improved efficiency while reducing or minimizing the complexity of operation relative to non-fixed bed reactor systems.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a sprinkler configured for spraying liquid and a member with a nano-coating surface. The nano-coating surface is configured to receive liquid sprayed from the sprinkler. The apparatus further includes a sensor associated with the member and the sensor is configured to detect a signal directly or indirectly corresponding to a film deposition on the nano-coating surface. Moreover, the apparatus has a controller coupled with the sensor and the sprinkler, wherein the signal detected by the sensor is transmitted to the controller and the controller is configured to command the sprinkler spraying liquid on the nano-coating surface while a value of the signal reaches a threshold value.

Abstract: A process of producing degassed liquid sulfur within a vertical sulfur condenser may include providing a plurality of condenser tubes within an external casing; submerging exit ends of the plurality of condenser tubes within a liquid reservoir resulting in submerged exit ends of the plurality of condenser tubes; passing the Claus process gas into an inlet end of the plurality of condenser tubes; condensing the Claus process gas within the condenser tubes to produce condensed Claus process gas within the plurality of condenser tubes; and collecting the condensed Claus process gas in the liquid reservoir upon exiting of the condensed Claus process gas at an exit end of the plurality of condenser tubes. The process may further include converting hydrogen sulfide by the Claus reaction 2H2S+SO23/xSx+2H2O, and decomposing polysulfanes to hydrogen sulfide and sulfur, wherein elemental sulfur is freed from hydrogen sulfide.

Abstract: A biogas purification method includes injecting biogas into a pressure vessel, cooling the pressure vessel to a first predetermined temperature and pressurizing the pressure vessel to a predetermined pressure. The method further includes visually monitoring separation of a biogas impurity from a product gas during an induction period, isolating the product gas from the biogas impurity at a clathrate formation equilibrium by removing the product gas from the pressure vessel and passing the product gas through water to yield a purified gas.

Abstract: A gas expansion cooling method for reducing hydrocarbon emissions includes feeding a high pressure cooling gas through a valve, decreasing a temperature of the cooling gas by decreasing its pressure; feeding the cooling gas into a heat exchanger; and diverting a hydrocarbon gas into the heat exchanger such that the cooling gas decreases a temperature of the hydrocarbon gas. The cooling gas may be drawn from a preexisting high pressure gas system that serves a purpose other than supplying a coolant for the gas expansion cooling system. A portion of the hydrocarbon gas may be condensed in the heat exchanger to form a hydrocarbon liquid, which may be separated from the hydrocarbon gas in a separation vessel. The hydrocarbon liquid may be recovered, while the hydrocarbon gas may be fed to a ventilation system.

Abstract: This technology relates to the enlargement by water condensation in a laminar flow of airborne particles with diameters of the order of a few nanometers to hundreds of nanometers to form droplets with diameters of the order of several micrometers. The technology presents several advanced designs, including the use of double-stage condensers. It has application to measuring the number concentration of particles suspended in air or other gas, to collecting these particles, or to focusing these particles.

Abstract: A stripping gas recycle process for a stripper is fed a water containing glycol and a stripping gas. The stripping gas removes a water content from the water containing glycol to produce a dried glycol and a wet stripping gas. The recycle system includes at least one stripping gas separation process, with the gas separation process being fed wet stripping gas from a stripper and separating the water content from the wet stripping gas, to produce a water containing fraction and a drier stripping gas fraction. The drier stripping gas fraction is fed into the stripper.

Abstract: In a process, a portion of a liquid mixture flow is vaporized to produce a vapor and a depleted flow of liquid. The vapor is introduced to a brine which is adapted to exothermically absorb one or more components from the vapor, and heat is withdrawn, to produce at least a flow of heat and a flow of brine which is enriched in the one or more components. The heat previously withdrawn is transferred, to drive the vaporization. This heat transfer is associated with the change of a working fluid from a gaseous into a liquid state. The heat withdrawal involves the change of the working fluid from the liquid to the gaseous state. In the liquid state, the working fluid flows only by one or more of gravity, convection and wicking. In the gaseous state, the working fluid flows only by one or more of diffusion and convection.

Abstract: A method for separating out molten dust in high temperature gas includes the steps of: passing the high temperature gas carrying molten dust through an adhesive separator, the molten dust adhering to the adhesive separator and separating from the high temperature gas, the molten dust adhering to the inner sidewall flowing downwardly due to the gravity force and discharging; conveying the cleaned high temperature gas into a heat exchanger directly or after heating materials for cooling and discharging; using the heat recycled by the heat exchanger to heat the gas supplied to the adhesive separator; and supplying the gas heated by the heat exchanger into the adhesive separator directly or after further reaction, the heat absorbed from the heat exchanger and the heat generated in the reaction keeping the temperature of the gas flowing out of the adhesive separator higher than the melting point of the dust.

Abstract: An exhaust gas plume mitigation process and system includes either mixing secondary heat into a moisture rich exhaust gas stream, or diverting a moisture rich exhaust gas stream into a primary exhaust stack having hot exhaust gases flowing therethrough. Moisture rich exhaust gas from a liquid concentrator may be diverted into a high temperature exhaust stack of an engine, a generator, or a flare. The high temperature exhaust gases from the engine, the generator, or the flare raise the temperature of the moisture rich exhaust gas from the concentrator. The high temperature exhaust gases from the engine, the generator, or the flare are also lower in moisture content, so that the moisture rich exhaust gas from the concentrator is diluted by the drier high temperature exhaust gas. As a result, the mixed gas is less likely to develop a moisture plume upon exit to the atmosphere.

Abstract: An off gas extraction system cleans common sources of off gas, such as storage tanks and polluted soils. Off gas is extracted, followed by compression and condensation. Compression and condensation produce an off gas that can be reintroduced as a treated gas into the off gas source. Alternatively, a regenerative absorber cleans the treated gas by adsorbing residual chemical vapor and concentrates the removed chemical vapors and reprocesses them. If the treated gas is not reintroduced into the off gas source, conventional scrubbers may used on the back end of the system to produce a final exhaust as prescribed by environmental regulation. Methods of accomplishing the same are similarly provided, including novel methods for degassing storage tanks and treating polluted soils to meet current environmental regulations, as well as green technology and sustainability initiatives.

Abstract: A device for condensing water includes a container with a plurality of openings and a heat transfer zone arranged in an interior of the container. The heat transfer zone includes a bulk material layer and/or a fiber layer and/or a textile layer and/or a grid layer and/or a lattice layer and/or a perforated plate. The interior of the container is subdivided by the heat transfer zone into a first zone and a second zone. Further, the heat transfer zone has at least in sections an open porosity and/or channels through which process gas can flow from the first zone to the second zone and through which a further process gas in the form of cooling gas can flow in a reverse direction. A permeable region of the heat transfer zone partially includes materials which have a thermal conductivity of more than 20 W(mK)?1 in a temperature range up to 300° C.

Abstract: System and process for producing a H2-containing product gas and purified water from an integrated H2-producing reforming and thermal water purification process. Raw water, such as salt water, is heated by indirect heat transfer with reformate from the H2-producing reforming process for purifying raw water in a multiple effect distillation process.

Abstract: An apparatus for water reclamation includes an inlet head for admitting warm humid ambient air, a buried pipe coupled at a first end to the inlet head and sloping downward in the ground from the first end. Water condenses as the air is cooled in the buried pipe and collects in a cistern coupled at a second end of the buried pipe. A tube coupled at a lower end near the second end of the buried pipe includes a heated element extending at least partially into the tube from an upper end of the tube. Cooled air is heated by the heated element and is expelled at the top of the tube. A heater is coupled to an upper end of the heated element. The heater may be a solar collector with a Bernoulli aperture.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure include a process for the production of chlorine gas. For the various embodiments, the process includes compressing a gas mixture of vaporized liquid chlorine and a feed gas containing chlorine to form a compressed gas. Chlorine in the compressed gas is condensed into liquid chlorine. A first portion of the liquid chlorine is vaporized to provide a heat of condensation to condense chlorine from the compressed gas into liquid chlorine. A second portion of the liquid chlorine is vaporized to provide both the vaporized liquid chlorine for the gas mixture and a heat of condensation to cool a tail gas from the process. A chlorine gas product from the vaporized first portion of the liquid chlorine is also produced.

Abstract: A method is described for treating gas exhaust from a polysilicon etch process, which uses a plasma abatement device to treat the gas. The device comprises a stainless steel gas chamber having a gas inlet for receiving the gas and a gas outlet. As the gas may contain a halocompound and water vapor, the chamber is heated to a temperature that inhibits adsorption of water on the surface within the chamber, thereby inhibiting corrosion of the gas chamber. The gas is then conveyed to the gas chamber for treatment, and the temperature of the chamber is maintained above said temperature during treatment of the gas.

Abstract: The present invention provides a hot-trap device (1) comprising an enclosure (2) with at least one inlet (3), at least one outlet (5) at least one heating means (7) and at least one collector means (10) for the conversion of reaction by-products into products, wherein the collector means is arranged within the enclosure between the inlet and the outlet has a diameter that substantially matches the diameter of the enclosure and has at least one opening (18).

Abstract: Continuous droplet generators and methods are provided. In one embodiment, a continuous droplet generator includes an outer housing that defines a working liquid reservoir configured to maintain a working liquid. The continuous droplet generator also includes one or more heaters configured to change the phase of the working liquid and an evaporation-condensation tube positioned at least partially within the outer housing. The evaporation-condensation tube includes a gas inlet configured to receive a particle-containing gas flow, a gas outlet configured to export generated condensed droplets, a wall, an outer wall surface configured to be in contact with the working liquid, and an inner wall surface in contact with the particle-containing gas flow.

Abstract: A method of introducing flue gas, from a flue stack in a steam-assisted production facility, into a heat exchanger. The flue gas comprises boiler combustion products selected from at least one of commercial pipeline gas and produced gas. The method begins by cooling a portion of the water vapor in the flue gas in the heat exchanger to produce flue gas water. This flue gas water is then collected and removed as make-up water.

Abstract: A method for selective extraction of natural gas liquids from “rich” natural gas. The method involves interacting a rich natural gas stream with Liquid Natural Gas (LNG) by mixing Liquid Natural Gas into the rich natural gas stream to lower the temperature of the rich natural gas stream to a selected hydrocarbon dew point, whereby a selected hydrocarbon liquid carried in the rich natural gas stream is condensed.

Abstract: A method for separating out molten dust in high temperature gas includes the steps of: passing the high temperature gas carrying molten dust through an adhesive separator, the molten dust adhering to the adhesive separator and separating from the high temperature gas, the molten dust adhering to the inner sidewall flowing downwardly due to the gravity force and discharging; conveying the cleaned high temperature gas into a heat exchanger directly or after heating materials for cooling and discharging; using the heat recycled by the heat exchanger to heat the gas supplied to the adhesive separator; and supplying the gas heated by the heat exchanger into the adhesive separator directly or after further reaction, the heat absorbed from the heat exchanger and the heat generated in the reaction keeping the temperature of the gas flowing out of the adhesive separator higher than the melting point of the dust.

Abstract: The invention relates to a waste gas system for bioreactors having a hydrophobic sterile filter, arranged at the end, and a heat exchanger which protects the sterile filter against blocking by liquid media. The gas outflow duct for discharging waste gas from a bioreactor vessel is divided in a cooling zone of the heat exchanger into a multiplicity of subducts and is extended in a heating zone of the heat exchanger to a calming zone. Due to the multiplicity of subducts, a considerably larger surface area for the removal of heat from the waste gas is available, with the result that in the case of laminar flow of the waste gas through the subducts a high effectiveness of the separation of liquids from the waste gas can be achieved.

Abstract: A method is described for separating off trace components from a fraction (1) containing at least nitrogen and helium, wherein this fraction is partially condensed (E) before enrichment of the helium. The partially condensed fraction (2) is fed at least in part to at least one separation column (T) and separated therein into a helium-rich gas fraction (6) and a nitrogen-rich liquid fraction which also contains the unwanted trace components (5).

Abstract: A method of reducing the concentration of pollutants in a combustion flue gas having a first temperature is provided. The method includes the step of providing an organic Rankine cycle apparatus utilizing a working fluid and including at least one heat exchanger is arranged in thermal communication with the flue gas. The method further includes the step of reducing the temperature of the flue gas to a second temperature less than the first temperature by vaporizing the working fluid within the heat exchanger utilizing thermal energy derived from the flue gas. The method further includes the step of filtering the flue gas through at least one filter disposed downstream of the heat exchanger to remove pollutants from the flue gas. An associated system configured to reduce the concentration of pollutants in the combustion flue gas is also provided.

Abstract: An exhaust gas plume mitigation process and system includes either mixing secondary heat into a moisture rich exhaust gas stream, or diverting a moisture rich exhaust gas stream into a primary exhaust stack having hot exhaust gases flowing therethrough. Moisture rich exhaust gas from a liquid concentrator may be diverted into a high temperature exhaust stack of an engine, a generator, or a flare. The high temperature exhaust gases from the engine, the generator, or the flare raise the temperature of the moisture rich exhaust gas from the concentrator. The high temperature exhaust gases from the engine, the generator, or the flare are also lower in moisture content, so that the moisture rich exhaust gas from the concentrator is diluted by the drier high temperature exhaust gas. As a result, the mixed gas is less likely to develop a moisture plume upon exit to the atmosphere.

Abstract: Disclosed is a gaseous fossil fuel fired, indirectly heated, Brayton closed cycle comprising an alkali metal seeded noble gases that is rendered non-equilibrium, electrically conducting in a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) electric power generator with zero emissions from the combustion products, including physical separation and sequestration of the carbon dioxide (CO2) what is emitted from the fossil fuel, with said cycle combined with a Rankine steam turbine bottoming cycle to compress the noble gas, while another optional new or existing Rankine steam cycle is placed in parallel and separate from the MHD cycle, and it is fired by the solid char remaining if the MHD cycle is fired with the devolatilized coal, and/or with solid coal culm, and/or unburned carbon in coal power plant waste ash, in order to achieve high efficiency at low capital, low operating, and low fuel costs.

Abstract: A fuel tank safety system includes a heat exchanger in flow communication with a cabin conditioning system, a blower configured to withdraw a quantity of ullage gas from a vehicle fuel tank for routing through the heat exchanger, and conduit interconnecting the fuel tank, the blower, and the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger is configured to reduce a temperature of the ullage gas using cooling providing by the cabin conditioning system and thus reduce the fuel content (or fuel-air ratio) of the ullage below threshold required for combustion.

Abstract: Methods and systems of purifying an acetylene process gas are described. The methods may include the steps of providing an acetylene vessel containing source acetylene mixed with a solvent impurity, and flowing the source acetylene through a purification container that holds a cooled purifying medium, where at least a portion of the solvent impurity in the source acetylene separates as a liquid impurity on the purifying medium. The method may also include removing the liquid from the purification container and flowing a purified acetylene gas from the purification container. The purified acetylene gas has a concentration of the solvent impurity of about 5 vol. % or less, and the separated liquid impurity is removed without interrupting the flow of the acetylene while the purified acetylene gas flows from the purification container to keep the concentration of the solvent impurity substantially constant in the purified acetylene gas.

Abstract: A feed gas conditioner.

Abstract: A condenser having improved condensation performance is provided. The condenser includes a plurality of cooling pipes, being disposed in a chassis to which the steam is introduced, through the interior of which cooling water used for heat exchange with steam flows; an inner channel that extends in a top-bottom direction and that is surrounded by the plurality of cooling pipes; a plurality of pipe-supporting plates disposed at a distance from one another in a direction in which the plurality of cooling pipes extend to support the plurality of cooling pipes; and a water receiving portion disposed between the plurality of pipe-supporting plates and being inclined downward from one pipe-supporting plate to the other pipe-supporting plate.

Abstract: A reflow apparatus for solder joining electronic components to a substrate includes a reflow chamber, a conveyor to convey a substrate within the chamber, at least one heating element to provide heat to reflow solder on the substrate, and at least one system to remove contaminants generated from the reflow solder. The system is coupled with the chamber for passage of a vapor stream from the chamber through the system. The system comprises a contaminant collection unit in fluid communication with the vapor stream. The contaminant collection unit includes a coil and a collection container. The coil is configured to receive cooled gas therein. The arrangement is such that when introducing cooled gas in the coil, contaminants in the vapor stream condense on the coil, and when ceasing the introduction of cooled gas in the coil, contaminants in the vapor stream are released from the coil and collected in the collection container. Other embodiments and methods for removing contaminants are further disclosed.

Abstract: This technology relates to the enlargement by water condensation in a laminar flow of airborne particles with diameters of the order of a few nanometers to hundreds of nanometers to form droplets with diameters of the order of several micrometers. The technology presents several advanced designs, including the use of double-stage condensers. It has application to measuring the number concentration of particles suspended in air or other gas, to collecting these particles, or to focusing these particles.

Abstract: A reflow apparatus for solder joining electronic components to a substrate includes a reflow chamber, a conveyor to convey a substrate within the chamber, at least one heating element to provide heat to reflow solder on the substrate, and at least one system to remove contaminants generated from the reflow solder. The system is coupled with the chamber for passage of a vapor stream from the chamber through the system. The system comprises a contaminant collection unit in fluid communication with the vapor stream. The contaminant collection unit includes a coil and a collection container. The coil is configured to receive cooled gas therein. The arrangement is such that when introducing cooled gas in the coil, contaminants in the vapor stream condense on the coil, and when ceasing the introduction of cooled gas in the coil, contaminants in the vapor stream are released from the coil and collected in the collection container. Other embodiments and methods for removing contaminants are further disclosed.

Abstract: A condenser and a containment vessel adapted to efficiently condense a gas out of a mixture of condensing and non-condensing gases. In condensers, the fraction of gas within a condenser made up of non-condensing gases can be significantly reduced by withdrawing gas from localized regions of relatively low temperature where the mass fraction of non-condensing gases will be relatively high. In containment vessels, pressures can be reduced by providing a large surface area of the liquid into which the condensing gas condenses in a relatively cool region of the containment vessel. Both these effects result from an appreciation of the manner in which non-condensing gases tend to accumulate in regions which are relatively cold.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for preparing a solid comprising ZnO and a binder comprising the following steps: pre-mixing powders comprising at least one ZnO powder and at least one binder (step a), mixing the paste obtained (step b), extruding (step c) the paste obtained in step b), drying the extrudates, and calcining (step d) in a stream of gas comprising oxygen.

Abstract: A method of storing and dispensing a fluid includes providing a vessel configured for selective dispensing of the fluid therefrom. The vessel contains an ionic liquid therein. The fluid is contacted with the ionic liquid for take-up of the fluid by the ionic liquid. There is substantially no chemical change in the ionic liquid and the fluid. The fluid is released from the ionic liquid and dispensed from the vessel.

Abstract: A reflux condenser and a method for conducting away liquid from the lower region of reflux passages, is disclosed. The reflux condenser has at least one heat exchanger block which has reflux passages and refrigerant passages, and a pressure container which encloses the heat exchanger block at the top and laterally. The reflux passages communicate at their lower end with a header which is arranged below the heat exchanger block and has a phase-separating device.

Abstract: The present invention harvests and utilizes fluidized bed drying technology and waste heat streams augmented by other available heat sources to dry feedstock or fuel. This method is useful in many industries, including coal-fired power plants. Coal is dried using the present invention before it goes to coal pulverizers and on to the furnace/boiler arrangement to improve boiler efficiency and reduce emissions. This is all completed in a low-temperature, open-air system. Also included is an apparatus for segregating particulate by density and/or size including a fluidizing bed having a particulate receiving inlet for receiving particulate to be fluidized. This is useful for segregating contaminants like sulfur and mercury from the product stream.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method and plant for energy-efficient removal of CO2 from a gas phase by means of absorption. The invention is particularly suitable for use in connection with thermal power plants fired by fossil fuels, and is also well-suited for retrofitting in existing thermal power plants. A processing plant according to the invention comprises three sections: a primary CO2-generating process that serves as main product supplier; a CO2-capture and separation plant based on absorption and desorption of CO2 respectively by/from at least one absorbent; and a second CO2-generating process where combustion of carbonaceous fuel in pure oxygen atmosphere serves as energy supply to at least a part of the thermal energy necessary to drive the regeneration of the absorbent in the desorption column(s).

Abstract: A reactor-installed or column-installed vertical plate heat exchanger having channels for flow of cooling fluid and vertical passageways between the cooling fluid channels for flow of product. A divider is located between a first fraction and a second fraction of the product vertical passageways and a vapor product inlet communicates with the tops of the product vertical passageways in the first fraction. A product collection volume communicates with the bottoms of the product vertical passageways and an outlet communicates with the product collection volume for recovering condensed product. An uncondensed vapor outlet communicates with the tops of the vertical passageways in the second fraction for removing uncondensed vapor from the heat exchanger.

Abstract: A method and device for the reduction of particulate forming vapors in gases, the method comprising passing the gas stream through at least one channel (12) that has a wall temperature that is lower than the condensation temperature of the vapor, the at least one channel having a hydraulic diameter (Dh) satisfying the condition that Dh<[24/(N?do)]1/2, where N is the number of nuclei present in the gas stream and do is the initial diameter of the nuclei.

Abstract: A reflow apparatus for solder joining electronic components to a substrate includes a reflow chamber, a conveyor to convey a substrate within the chamber, at least one heating element to provide heat to reflow solder on the substrate, and at least one system to remove contaminants generated from the reflow solder. The system is coupled with the chamber for passage of a vapor stream from the chamber through the system. The system comprises a contaminant collection unit in fluid communication with the vapor stream. The contaminant collection unit includes a coil and a collection container. The coil is configured to receive cooled gas therein. The arrangement is such that when introducing cooled gas in the coil, contaminants in the vapor stream condense on the coil, and when ceasing the introduction of cooled gas in the coil, contaminants in the vapor stream are released from the coil and collected in the collection container. Other embodiments and methods for removing contaminants are further disclosed.

Abstract: A method of removing siloxanes from a gas that contains siloxanes and water, the method comprising: (a) expanding the gas to cool the gas and freeze at least some of the water in the gas; and (b) removing the siloxanes and frozen water from the expanded and cooled gas. The method may also include compressing the gas prior to expanding it. The step of expanding the gas may include expanding it through a turbine. The method may also include using an energy input mechanism to drive one or both of the compressor or turbine. The ice and siloxanes may be removed from the gas with a cyclonic separator.

Abstract: In certain embodiments, removing non-condensable gas from a cooling system includes trapping contents of a discharge tube of a heat exchanger, where the heat exchanger is in thermal communication with an ambient environment at an ambient temperature. The contents of the discharge tube comprises a vapor portion of a cooling fluid, a liquid portion of the cooling fluid, and a non-condensable gas. The cooling fluid is at a subambient pressure, and the ambient temperature is lower than a boiling point of the cooling fluid. A first additional portion of the cooling fluid is inlet into the discharge tube to increase a pressure within the discharge tube. The vapor portion of the cooling fluid within the discharge tube is allowed to condense. A second additional portion of the cooling fluid is inlet to purge the non-condensable gas from the discharge tube.

Abstract: A method producing a volume of purified F2 comprising removing HF from a F2 feed and removing CF4 from the F2 feed, wherein a concentration of HF in the volume of purified F2 is less than 1 ppm (v/v) and a concentration CF4 in the volume of purified F2 is less than 10 ppm (v/v).

Abstract: A method and system used to make a fuel tank inert that includes a chiller assembly coupled in flow communication with a vehicle fuel tank, and a system controller assembly operatively coupled to the chiller assembly. More specifically, the chiller assembly includes a pump configured to extract a quantity of a fluid from the vehicle fuel tank, and an evaporator configured to receive a flow of the extracted quantity of fluid from the pump and further configured to reduce a temperature of the fluid. The chiller assembly also includes a chiller controller configured to activate and deactivate the pump. The system controller assembly is operatively coupled to chiller controller, wherein the system controller assembly is configured to transmit to the chiller controller one of a start signal to start chiller operations or a stop signal to stop chiller operations.

Abstract: Produced natural gas containing carbon dioxide is dehydrated and chilled to liquefy the carbon dioxide and then fractionated to produce a waste stream of liquid carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide. Natural gas liquids may be first separated and removed before fractionation. After fractionation, the waste stream is pressurized and transmitted to a remote injection well for injection either for disposal of the waste stream and preferably to urge hydrocarbons toward the producing well. A hydrocarbon stream proceeds from fractionation to a methanol absorber system which removes carbon dioxide gas. The hydrocarbon stream is thereafter separated into at least hydrocarbon gas, nitrogen and helium. Some of the nitrogen is reintroduced into a fractionation tower to enhance the recovery of hydrocarbons. A methanol recovery system is provided to recover and reuse the methanol. The hydrocarbons are sold as natural gas and the helium is recovered and sold. Excess nitrogen is vented.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process and a device for generating a current of humid air having a defined relative humidity especially for the mixing treatment of a liquid on a liquid carrier (42). The process comprises the following steps: generating a current of air in a tubing arrangement (8), generating hot water vapour in an evaporator (10), introducing the water vapour into the air current to generate flowing hot humid air, passing the hot humid air through a water separator (20) while lowering the temperature of the humid air, heating the humid air coming from the water separator (20) to a certain temperature to lower the relative humidity to a defined value in a collecting chamber (30), and discharging the humid air from the tubing arrangement (8) as a current of humid air.