Abstract: A hydrocarbon adsorbent state determining apparatus is provided for compensating the ability of a hydrocarbon adsorbent to adsorb moisture for fluctuations due to a change in the flow velocity of exhaust gases to accurately determine the state of the hydrocarbon adsorbent, including a deterioration thereof, irrespective of the change in the flow rate of exhaust gases. The hydrocarbon adsorbent state determining apparatus determines the state of a hydrocarbon adsorbent disposed in an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine for adsorbing hydrocarbons and moisture within exhaust gases.

Abstract: In a process for the production of nitrogen by adsorption on carbons or similar molecular sieves contained in a cylinder (2), the amount of Q1 of nitrogen obtainable from the cylinder at the required purity at the cylinder pressure Pp is calculated; compressed air is fed to the cylinder which is brought to a pressure value at least equal to the pressure Pp and in any case greater than the pressure present in a collecting reservoir (3); at any cycle a fixed amount Q2 (where Q1≧Q2) of gas is transferred from the adsorber cylinder to the reservoir (3) and the cylinder is depressurised after each transfer to regenerate carbons. Also claimed are an apparatus for the production of nitrogen, the use of such an apparatus is a drink dispensing device and a drink dispensing device comprising such an apparatus.

Abstract: An apparatus 150, for generating an oxygen enhanced gas by removing nitrogen gas from air, includes a compressor 156 absorption columns 152a and 152b for removing the nitrogen gas from the pressurized air supplied from the compressor 156, a flow rate measuring device 168 provided downstream of the absorption columns 152a and 152b, ultrasonic oxygen concentration measuring means 170 provided downstream of the flow rate measuring device 168. The ultrasonic oxygen concentration measuring means 170 includes means for generating a correction coefficient for the ratio between oxygen and argon gases contained in the oxygen enhanced gas on the basis of the flow rate of the oxygen enhanced gas measured.

Abstract: An oxygen concentrator system with altitude compensation includes at least one oxygen concentrator sub-system and a plenum subsystem. The at least one oxygen concentrator sub-system produces oxygen enriched product which is outputted to both the oxygen concentrator system output and to a plenum chamber within the plenum subsystem. The plenum chamber is trickle charged with the oxygen enriched product when the at least one oxygen concentrator sub-system produces an excess amount of oxygen enriched product. Should the demand for oxygen enriched product exceed the capability of the at least one oxygen concentrator sub-system, additional oxygen enriched product is provided by the plenum chamber until such time that the capability of the at least one oxygen concentrator sub-system exceeds the demand for oxygen enriched product. At that time, oxygen enriched product is no longer provided by the plenum chamber but rather the plenum chamber is again trickle charged.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon adsorbent state determining apparatus is provided for compensating the ability of a hydrocarbon adsorbent to adsorb moisture for fluctuations due to a change in the flow velocity of exhaust gases to accurately determine the state of the hydrocarbon adsorbent, including a deterioration thereof, irrespective of the change in the flow rate of exhaust gases. The hydrocarbon adsorbent state determining apparatus determines the state of a hydrocarbon adsorbent disposed in an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine for adsorbing hydrocarbons and moisture within exhaust gases.

Abstract: A method for the separation of a gas mixture comprises (a) obtaining a feed gas mixture comprising nitrogen and at least one hydrocarbon having two to six carbon atoms; (b) introducing the feed gas mixture at a temperature of about 60° F. to about 105° F. into an adsorbent bed containing adsorbent material which selectively adsorbs the hydrocarbon, and withdrawing from the adsorbent bed an effluent gas enriched in nitrogen; (c) discontinuing the flow of the feed gas mixture into the adsorbent bed and depressurizing the adsorbent bed by withdrawing depressurization gas therefrom; (d) purging the adsorbent bed by introducing a purge gas into the bed and withdrawing therefrom an effluent gas comprising the hydrocarbon, wherein the purge gas contains nitrogen at a concentration higher than that of the nitrogen in the feed gas mixture; (e) pressurizing the adsorbent bed by introducing pressurization gas into the bed; and (f) repeating (b) through (e) in a cyclic manner.

Abstract: For a single chamber air drier in a compressed air system on a vehicle the volume of dry regeneration air required to regenerate a desiccant in the air drier has to be determined. This can be accomplished in that data regarding system pressure, outdoor temperature and supplied air volume are continuously provided to a compute, which in relation to these parameters controls the supply of regeneration air to the air drier.

Abstract: A system and method for improving the efficiency of a gas fractionalization system of the type having a compressor having an inlet for receiving air from the ambient environment. The system includes a sensor for sensing a parameter indicative of the flow of concentrated gas delivered from the gas fractionalization system to a patient. A multi-positional valve is disposed in line with the compressor for regulating the flow of air from the ambient environment into the compressor. A valve control manipulates the position of the multi-positional valve depending on the value of the parameter sensed by the sensor for regulating the quantity of air received from the ambient environment into the compressor inlet.

Abstract: A purge reservoir for an air dryer in an air brake system of a vehicle is disclosed. The purge reservoir or volume (24) is separate from the associated primary and secondary reservoirs of the air brake system. The purge volume (24) is secured directly to the air dryer housing (12) by fasteners (22). Purge volume (24) is operatively connected to air dryer housing (12) by opening (30) through which compressed air flows into purge reservoir (24) during the air dryer charge cycle, and through which purge air is supplied to the air dryer during the air dryer purge cycle. No air hoses are required for connecting the purge reservoir with the air dryer. Additionally, a desiccant cartridge (14) is fully accessible and may be replaced without otherwise disturbing the air dryer-purge reservoir module. Purge reservoir (24) also includes fastening capability (40) for securing the air dryer to the vehicle, thereby eliminating the need for a separate air dryer mounting bracket.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an apparatus for supplying gas at a first pressure and at a second pressure. The apparatus includes a gas generating system having a gas generating system outlet. A flow switch is in communication with the gas generating system outlet and has an outlet thereof forming a gas outlet at the first pressure. A pressure regulator is in communication with the gas generating system outlet for regulating gas flowing to the gas outlet at the first pressure. A solenoid valve is electrically controlled by the flow switch and is in communication with the gas generating system outlet and has a solenoid valve outlet. A pressure intensifier is in communication with the solenoid valve for raising the pressure of the gas generated by the gas generating system for output to an outlet at a second pressure.

Abstract: A selection device for delivering one of two gases to an apparatus includes an apparatus having an inlet and an outlet, and a gas delivery line connected to the inlet of the apparatus. A first feed line and a second feed line for respectively feeding a first and a second gas are provided. A first purge line and a second purge line are also provided, the first feed line being connected to the first purge line and the second feed line being connected to the second purge line. A common connection line connects the first and the second feed lines to the gas delivery line. An additional purge line is connected to the outlet of the apparatus. A first element, a second element, and a third element for creating a pressure drop are disposed in the first, the second, and the additional purge lines, respectively, the first element for creating a pressure drop and the third element for creating a pressure drop being flow-regulating elements, the second element for creating a pressure drop being a backpressure regulator.

Abstract: Equipment samples and processes for analysis PAH and other organic compounds, as well as hydrogen fluoride and sulphur oxides in air and in gas in production equipment.The equipment comprises a layered adsorption device 1 in which the adsorbents are dry. During sampling, the adsorption device 1 is connected at its upper end to a probe 8, which is brought into contact with the object to be sampled, and connected at its lower end to a gel box 10, a pump 9 and a gas clock 12, in series. After sampling, the adsorption device 1 may be connected directly to an extraction apparatus 11 for the processing of the sample.

Abstract: A carbonate spring bath system includes a supplying device of a CO.sub.2 gas, a dissolving device of the CO.sub.2 gas into a bath water, and a bathtub. The supplying device of the CO.sub.2 gas comprises a combustor for obtaining a combustion gas including the CO.sub.2 gas, a CO.sub.2 adsorption tower connected to the combustor through a gas feed line and connected to the dissolving device through a supply line, a cooler for cooling the combustion gas prior to being fed to the CO.sub.2 adsorption tower and a heater for heating an adsorbent filled in the CO.sub.2 adsorption tower for desorbing the CO.sub.2 gas therefrom. The adsorbent capable of adsorbing the CO.sub.2 gas from the combustion gas at a relatively low adsorption temperature and of desorbing the CO.sub.2 gas therefrom at a relatively high desorption temperature. As the CO.sub.2 gas in the combustion gas is adsorbed in the CO.sub.2 adsorption tower in accordance with a thermal swing adsorption method, the CO.sub.

Abstract: A multilayer silver halide color photographic material submissive to rapid silver removal containing, in at least one layer, a salt of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of organic compounds containing sulfur such as, for example, mercaptotriazoles and the like and heterocyclic compounds containing no sulfur such as, for example, imidazole compounds and the like with at least one heavy metal ion such as, for example, ions of silver, zinc, cobalt and the like.

Abstract: Physical and photographic characteristics of silver halide emulsions containing salts of multivalent metals are improved by adding synthetic water-insoluble terpolymers of acrylic esters, glycidyl acrylates and acrylamides as emulsion additives. The crosslinkable terpolymers are highly compatible with silver halide emulsions containing multivalent metal salts when an acrylamide is a polymer component at less than 15 wt% and an anionic sulfate surfactant of the formula ##STR1## where R.sub.5 is a straight or branch-chain alkyl group of C.sub.4 -C.sub.12, R.sub.6 is a straight of branch-chain alkyl group of C.sub.8 -C.sub.20, n is an integer of 8 to 40, and M.sup.+ is an ammonium ion or, a monovalent metal ion such as potassium, sodium or cesium, is the dispersing agent during emulsion polymerization.

Abstract: A method of producing a lithographic photosensitive material comprising adding a water soluble iridium compound to the photographic emulsion in a ratio of about 10.sup.-6 to 10.sup.-4 mole per mole of the silver halide at the first or second ripening procedure of a silver halide photographic emulsion containing at least 60 mole% silver chloride, further adding a hydroxytetrazaindene compound and a polyoxyethylene compound to the photographic emulsion and coating the photographic emulsion on a support.

Abstract: In a method of stabilizing photographic silver halide emulsion layers containing polyalkylene oxide compounds a protective gelatine layer is applied to the emulsion layer which contains from 0,35 to 35 mg of a water soluble thiosulphate.

Abstract: A thermally developable light-sensitive material comprising a support having thereon or therein at least one layer containing at least (a) an organic silver salt, (b) a light-sensitive silver halide or a component capable of forming a light-sensitive silver halide, and (c) a reducing agent, which contains (d) a palladium-containing compound in at least one layer provided on or in the support.

Abstract: A method is described of increasing the stability of direct-positive silver halide emulsions comprising reduction- and gold-fogged silver halide grains by the step of adding to the emulsion subsequent to the fogging, a sulphite and a gold compound.

Abstract: This invention is directed to an additive color diffusion transfer film unit which comprises, in order, an additive multicolor screen, a silver precipitating layer, a layer of chitin having a copper salt disposed therein, and a photosensitive silver halide layer.

Abstract: Direct-print images of improved stability against prolonged light-exposure are obtained in a photodevelopable element by spectrally sensitizing the photodevelopable emulsion, providing in the emulsion layer or a superposed layer a compound absorbing radiation in the inherent sensitivity range of the silver halide, and effecting image-wise exposure with radiation comprising light of the spectral range for which the silver halide has been spectrally sensitized.

Abstract: A method of stabilizing a silver halide photographic material containing an image formed therein, said material comprising a silver halide emulsion on a support and having at least one member selected from the group consisting of iodine and an iodine containing inorganic compound in said silver halide emulsion or in an adjacent layer to said silver halide emulsion, comprising heating said photographic material.

Abstract: Silver halide supersensitized with a mixture of naphthoxazole and benzoxazole carbocyanine dyes.

Abstract: Light-sensitive silver halide photographic materials containing, as an anti-foggant, a compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are individually an aryl or aralkyl group; Z is N, P, As or Sb; and X is an anion. The compositions are particularly suitable for use on polyester supports.

Abstract: Silver halide emulsions are prepared by silver halide precipitation in the presence of a reducing agent, physical ripening and, if desired, chemical ripening wherein subsequent to the addition of reducing agent and before the grains have reached their final size an oxidizing agent is added to the emulsion. By means of the reducing and oxidizing agents, the gradation and photosensitivity characteristics of the emulsion can be controlled at will.

Abstract: A method is disclosed of forming silver halide grains capable of forming a surface latent image upon exposure to visible light. The grains are formed by incorporating from 10.sup.-6 to 10.sup.-10 mole of iridium per mole of silver before first ripening. The iridium is incorporated in the presence of a water soluble purine base or a water soluble salt thereof.

Abstract: Enriched oxygen from a pressure swing adsorption system and air are blended to provide oxygen enriched air of desired purity, particularly for use at flow rates between those for which liquid oxygen and on-site cryogenic air separation plants are desirable.