Abstract: Cartridge for the treatment of a gas by reaction with a reactive substance, comprising a cohesive assembly of alveolate cells that are at least partly filled with the reactive substance, the alveolate cells possessing one part of their wall which is permeable to the gas and impermeable to the reactive substance, said wall part being intended to be in contact with the gas.

Abstract: An improved air humidity absorbing device to be used in a cargo container, includes: an external box made from cardboard material; the contents of the box including an external bag made from non woven spunbound; and at least two internal bags from the coated Tyvek material. The at least two internal bags are formed by subdividing the external bag into the at least two internal bags, and each of the internal bags is filled with an active mixture including Calcium Chloride (CaCl2) and Amylopectin.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for removing airborne moisture from a designated area. In one embodiment, the apparatus includes a bucket, a liquid absorption medium (such as ground corn cobs) placed in the bottom of the bucket to form a media bed, a tray placed over the absorption media bed, and a moisture absorption medium (such as calcium chloride) placed in the bucket over the tray. A method is also provided for absorbing moisture from a humid environment using the apparatus. When the apparatus is exposed to humid conditions, the CaCl2 will absorb moisture and become hardened. As the CaCl2 media hardens, it will expand. However, its lateral expansion is restricted by a side wall of the tray. Over further time, the CaCl2 will begin to dissolve into a brine. The brine will gravitationally seep through the through-openings in the tray and be captured by the corn cob medium.

Abstract: A desiccant material is provided in a honeycomb structure suitable for warming by electric resistive heating to promote regeneration of the desiccant.

Abstract: A dehumidifying device for absorbing water vapour from ambient air comprising a container having an opening to permit water vapour to enter the container, the container having a water-absorbing agent disposed therein for absorbing water vapour, wherein a first portion of the water-absorbing agent is adapted to provide an indication of water absorption faster than a second portion of the water-absorbing agent following exposure of the first and second portions of water-absorbing agents to water vapour, thereby providing an early indication of the operation of the device.

Abstract: A method, and systems for implementing such method, for purifying and conditioning air of weaponized contaminants. The method includes wetting a filter packing media with a salt-based liquid desiccant, such as water with a high concentration of lithium chloride. Air is passed through the wetted filter packing media and the contaminants in are captured with the liquid desiccant while the liquid desiccant dehumidifies the air. The captured contaminants are then deactivated in the liquid desiccant, which may include heating the liquid desiccant. The liquid desiccant is regenerated by applying heat to the liquid desiccant and then removing moisture. The method includes repeating the wetting with the regenerated liquid desiccant which provides a regenerable filtering process that captures and deactivates contaminants on an ongoing basis while also conditioning the air. The method may include filtration effectiveness enhancement by electrostatic or inertial means.

Abstract: A purge and trap concentrator and a method for drying a stream of sample gas in a gas analysis instrument. A dryer tube has an inlet that receives a stream of sample gas during a drying interval and receives a stream of dry gas during a regeneration interval. The dryer tube also has an outlet and an interior passageway between the inlet and an outlet. Support material comprising polymer sorbent is placed in the interior passageway and provides a support surface area for a hygroscopic coating comprising lithium chloride. A controller controls a heater to increase the temperature of the dryer tube to between 100 and 300 degrees centigrade during the regeneration interval and controls the heater to decrease the temperature of the dryer tube to below 100 degrees centigrade during the drying interval.

Abstract: A dehumidifying agent of coating film delamination type, characterized in that it comprises a package formed by using, at least partly, a sheet having a double layer structure, wherein a film unsusceptible to moisture permeation is arranged on the surface side and a moisture-permeable film is arranged on the inner side, and a deliquescent salt filled in the package, and it is subjected to use through delaminating the film unsusceptible to moisture permeation. The dehumidifying agent can be packaged with simplicity and ease and can be stored for a long period of time, and as a result, can be provided with improved economy.

Abstract: An adsorbent includes core particles containing an adsorbing material; a porous coating layer including a polymer material that coats the core particles; and an underlying layer containing a metal compound and disposed between the core particles and the porous coating layer. The porous coating layer is formed by spraying and applying a suspension or a solution containing the polymer material over the adsorbing material, or by immersing the adsorbing material into the suspension or the solution.

Abstract: A device for continuously humidifying and dehumidifying feed air for a manufacturing process or a ventilation and air conditioning installation includes a membrane contactor having a membrane, the feed air being passed along one side of the membrane and a hygroscopic liquid being passed along another side of the membrane. A regenerator is provided for lowering the water content of the hygroscopic liquid. A metering device is provided for adding water to increase the water content of the hygroscopic liquid. A control device is connected to the metering device and to the regenerator, the control device being configured to control the water content of the hygroscopic liquid and enable a switching between humidification and dehumidification of the feed air as a function of the water vapor partial pressure difference between the feed air and the hygroscopic liquid.

Abstract: A material for fixing gaseous hydrocarbon containing fibrous crystal aggregates formed by precipitating by making a metal aliphatic carboxylate dissolve completely in pure water to give a solution, stirring and gradually cooling the resulting solution; a method of preparing the fixing material; and a method of adsorbing and solidifying gaseous hydrocarbon by using the fixing material.

Abstract: A system for dehumidifying and deodorizing, the system comprising a hanging, dehumidifying and deodorizing pouch comprising a housing having a impermeable membrane and a semi-permeable securely attached to the impermeable membrane. The housing enclosing moisture-absorbent material and deodorizing material. The housing is enclosed within a jacket comprising a perforated contiguous wall; the wall defines an opening for receiving the housing. The jacket further comprises a closing member for closing the opening when the housing is within the jacket. The jacket can comprise a rigid, rectangular cage having a detachable lid. The semi-permeable membrane of the housing can comprise polyethylene or expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, individually or a combination thereof. The impermeable can comprise either polyethylene film or polypropylene film. The moisture-absorbent material can comprise a hygroscopic, deliquescent or a combination of a hygroscopic deliquescent and a gel forming polymer.

Abstract: A desiccant composition containing a deliquescent salt and a modified starch containing from about 5 to about 95 percent of the deliquescent salt and from about 5 to about 95 percent of the modified starch.

Abstract: Desiccant tablets including solid potassium formate are used to dry gas, especially in natural gas transmission lines. Preferred tablets comprise 1-4% potassium formate (most preferably 2-3%), up to 1% of a surfactant as a lubricant, and the balance desiccant salts, preferably calcium chloride.

Abstract: The invention is concerned with a device and a process for drying air in ventilation devices for fuel tanks and gas drying in fuel tanks via vapor permeable membranes and sorbents.

Abstract: Desiccant tablets including solid potassium formate are used to dry gas, especially in natural gas transmission lines. Preferred tablets comprise 1-4% potassium formate (most preferably 2-3%), up to 1% of a surfactant as a lubricant, and the balance desiccant salts, preferably calcium chloride.

Abstract: Desiccant tablets including solid potassium formate are used to dry gas, especially in natural gas transmission lines. The most preferred tablets comprise 5-15% potassium formate, up to 1% of a surfactant as a lubricant, and the balance desiccant salts, preferably calcium chloride.

Abstract: A drying material disposed in the passage of a compressed air system for removing moisture from air or gas includes a plurality of semi-rigid porous substrates impregnated with lithium chloride. The drying material is formed by preparing a saturated solution of lithium chloride and a nonflammable solvent. Porous substrata are contacted with the saturated solution to wet the substrata surface. The wet substrata are heated at a sufficient temperature for a sufficient duration to drive off excess liquid from the substrate. A desiccant comprising lithium chloride impregnated substrata is produced.

Abstract: Desiccant tablets including solid potassium formate are used to dry gas, especially in natural gas transmission lines. The most preferred tablets comprise 5-15% potassium formate, up to 1% of a surfactant as a lubricant, and the balance desiccant salts, preferably calcium chloride.

Abstract: A moisture absorption apparatus includes an elongated flexible plastic tube having sealed upper and lower end portions, one or several wall openings disposed in a wall portion adjacent to the upper end portion, a tubular desiccant container having gas and liquid permeable walls disposed radially inwardly of the wall openings, and a spacing element interposed between the tube wall and the desiccant container or integrated in the desiccant container to prevent liquid formed in the container from leaving the apparatus through the wall openings.

Abstract: An apparatus for enhanced heat and moisture exchange between make-up and exhaust air streams includes a housing having an exterior wall defining an interior channel through which air streams may pass and a water vapor permeable barrier disposed within the interior channel so as to partition the interior channel into a plurality of subchannels. At least a portion of exterior wall of the housing comprises a light-transmitting material. The exchange apparatus may be implemented as a modular panel which can be integrated into the exterior walls or facade of a structure. Also disclosed is a preheating apparatus in fluid communication with one of the subchannels of the exchanger apparatus. The preheating apparatus also includes an exterior wall defining an interior channel and having at least a portion of the wall formed of a light transmitting material. One or more energy absorbing heating elements are disposed within the interior channel of the preheating apparatus.

Abstract: Disclosed is a new desiccant composition containing calcium chloride and starch. Preferably the starch is a modified starch, preferably a modified corn starch. The composition contains from about 5 to about 95 percent calcium chloride and from about 5 to about 95 percent starch.

Abstract: A canister including an elongated hollow plastic body having a wall with inner and outer surfaces, an edge portion on the wall defining an open end, an end on the edge portion extending transversely to the inner and outer surfaces, a porous plastic member having an outer edge portion extending across the open end and fused to the end, an inner portion on the porous plastic member located radially inwardly of the outer edge portion and extending into the body and fused to the inner surface of the wall adjacent the end thereof, and a gas-treating material in the body. A method of fabricating the above canister including the steps of applying pressure and vibratory welding energy to the porous member to thereby cause the member which was originally planar in shape to have its outer edge compressed against the end of the body and fused thereto and the central portion inwardly of the outer edge forced into the body and its outer edge fused to the inner surface of the body adjacent the end.

Abstract: Formed is a new desiccant film made of an uncoated microporous film secured to an uncoated laminate film wherein the inner surface of both the microporous film and the laminate material are compatible. This film is less expensive to form and produces a stronger bond than conventional coated materials used for desiccant packaging.

Abstract: A moisture removing device comprising a ceramic shell. The ceramic shell has a plurality of parallel openings. The openings extend along the length of the shell. The openings form elongated surfaces adapted to be contacted by moisture ladened air moving through the openings along a path of travel. Such surfaces have desiccant capabilities for the extraction of moisture from air passed therethrough.

Abstract: A canister including an elongated hollow plastic body having a wall with inner and outer surfaces, an edge portion on the wall defining an open end, an end on the edge portion extending transversely to the inner and outer surfaces, a porous plastic member having an outer edge portion extending across the open end and fused to the end, an inner portion on the porous plastic member located radially inwardly of the outer edge portion and extending into the body and fused to the inner surface of the wall adjacent the end thereof, and a gas-treating material in the body. A method of fabricating the above canister including the steps of applying pressure and vibratory welding energy to the porous member to thereby cause the member which was originally planar in shape to have its outer edge compressed against the end of the body and fused thereto and the central portion inwardly of the outer edge forced into the body and its outer edge fused to the inner surface of the body adjacent the end.

Abstract: A moisture absorbing media filter includes a housing into which a moisture absorbing material is placed, an end cap fabricated from a clear plastic fits over the housing, exhalations pass through the end cap into an impermeable tube which terminates at substantially the middle of a bore contained in the moisture absorbing material. A tapered chamber follows the impermeable tube and terminates at the end of the moisture absorbing material, a reduced passage follows a pellet filter and leads to an outlet opening, a dyeing agent is deposited into the tapered chamber, a predetermined amount of low vapor pressure, water soluble liquid is also deposited into the tapered chamber. Exhalations enter the inlet opening and pass through the impermeable tube into the tapered chamber, low vapor pressure, water soluble liquid deposited in the tapered chamber allows moisture in the gas to be absorbed by the moisture absorbing material but not the gas itself.

Abstract: A regenerative hygroscopic filter having a housing containing an inlet port and an outlet port, and, a hydrophilic filter element positioned within the housing and disposed between the inlet and outlet ports, and operatively arranged to filter solid particulate matter and water when gas passes into the inlet port and through the filter element, and to release water via the inlet port when gas passes from the outlet port through the filter element.

Abstract: A vapor extraction apparatus includes a gel sorbent capable of absorbing vapor directly into the liquid state and capable of disgorging the absorbed liquid in a phase-transition. The apparatus includes a housing adapted for movement from a first position, where it is exposed to a vapor-containing gas stream and a first environmental condition, and capable of moving to a second position, where it is exposed to a second environmental condition. A gel sorbent is disposed on at least one surface of the housing. The gel sorbs vapor from the gas stream as liquid when the sorbent is in its first position. The sorbent disgorges the liquid during phase-transition collapse when it is in the second position. A method of extracting vapor from a process gas stream includes contacting a phase transition gel sorbent with vapor under conditions sufficient for the gel sorbent to undergo a phase transition and absorb vapor as liquid inside the gel sorbent.

Abstract: A vapor extraction apparatus includes a gel sorbent capable of absorbing vapor directly into the liquid state and capable of disgorging the absorbed liquid in a phase-transition. The apparatus includes a housing adapted for movement from a first position, where it is exposed to a vapor-containing gas stream and a first environmental condition, and capable of moving to a second position, where it is exposed to a second environmental condition. A gel sorbent is disposed on at least one surface of the housing. The gel sorbs vapor from the gas stream as liquid when the sorbent is in its first position. The sorbent disgorges the liquid during phase-transition collapse when it is in the second position. A method of extracting vapor from a process gas stream includes contacting a phase transition gel sorbent with vapor under conditions sufficient for the gel sorbent to undergo a phase transition and absorb vapor as liquid inside the gel sorbent.

Abstract: A dryer for removing moisture from natural gas includes a hollow pressure vessel with a bottom separator section, an intermediate drying section and an upper drying section. A perforated plate separates the intermediate and upper sections and supports a bed of a dry desiccant material. An annular passage is formed between an inverted down tube which is located within the intermediate section and the cylindrical wall of the vessel. A liquid drain tray separates the intermediate section and the lower separator section. An inlet tube provides communication between the intermediate section and the separator section and is located within the down tube. A sparger plate is spaced above the drain tray and is formed with a plurality of spaced openings providing a total open area of between 35% and 85% of the total area of the plate.

Abstract: High resolution microimages of continuous tone photographs must be prepared in halftone form to enable inexpensive duplication of the microimages by conventional graphic arts processes. The halftone pattern in such microimages must have a spatial frequency of not less than about 40 line pairs per millimeter in order to enable the projection of an acceptably detailed enlarged image. In the present invention, such halftone microimages are prepared using an ultra-high resolution gradient density screen having therein an image of an interference fringe field resulting from an exposure of a preform of the screen to two interferring mutually coherent beams of radiation.

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward a color electrophotographic imaging process and a method for extending the range capabilities of said process. The process includes providing a document screen adapted to be used at the exposure station proximate to the image face of a document to be copied, such that light reflected from the screened document is passed through a lens system and imaged onto a photosensitive member. The document screen consists of a clear transparent base member having a dot pattern comprising dots of at least one color, preferably dots of two or more different colors. The frequency of the like dots is such that the optical system employed in the electrophotographic process passes spatial frequencies reflected from the screened original at the fundamental screen frequency but attenuates the harmonic spatial frequencies.

Abstract: A method for making a color imaging device that comprises means for sensing radiation comprising a planar array of charge-handling semiconductive photosensors, at least some of the photosensors having a radiation sensing area with at least one dimension less than about 100 micrometers, and superimposed thereon, filter means for controlling access of radiation to the sensing means. The filter means comprises a transparent, polymeric dye receiving layer for receiving heat-transferable dyes and further comprises a plurality of radiation intercepting means defining a planar array of filter elements lying in the receiving layer in micro-registration with the sensing areas of the photosensors. The filter area of each intercepting means contains at least one heat-transferable dye transferred to the dye receiving layer by heating and diffusion. The heat-transferable dye absorbs radiation in at least one portion of the spectrum and transmits radiation in at least one other portion of the spectrum.

Abstract: A blue-colored filter element of an additive color screen possessing enhanced light stability is prepared by applying to a hydrophilic colloid area an acid triphenyl methane dye and a phthalocyanine dye possessing at least two sulfonic acid groups.

Abstract: Silver halide emulsion layers are formed by applying a water-soluble silver halide complex to a gelled substrate, and treating to decomplex to form silver halide crystals therein.