Plural Layers (e.g., Laminated Barrier, Etc.) Patents (Class 96/11)
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Patent number: 5789024Abstract: A composite membrane is disclosed which operates as a filter for liquids, solids and gases and combinations thereof, having high permeability for the filtrate, e.g., nitrogen passing therethrough, and high selectivity for matter retained thereby, e.g., volatile organic compounds, so that the N.sub.2 /VOC selectivity is at least about 50/1 or greater; prepared by a low pressure chemical vapor deposition process comprising: (a) providing as a first component thereof, a mesoporous membrane substrate having pore diameters greater than about 20 .ANG.Type: GrantFiled: May 15, 1996Date of Patent: August 4, 1998Assignee: New Jersey Institute of TechnologyInventors: Roland A. Levy, Emmanuel S. Ramos
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Patent number: 5782960Abstract: A hydrogen separation membrane has a hydrogen-permeable metal foil laminated to a porous metal support. The metal support comprising a laminate of metal-reinforcing plates each having a plurality of hydrogen-flow-through holes. The metal-reinforcing plates have rectangular or similarly shaped holes having longitudinal and lateral axes. The laminate is assembled so that the longitudinal axes of the holes of adjacent metal-reinforcing plates intersect substantially at right angles with each other.Type: GrantFiled: March 17, 1997Date of Patent: July 21, 1998Assignee: Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Makoto Ogawa, Toshiro Kobayashi, Minoru Sueda, Takahiro Matsumoto, Tetsuya Imai, Shigenori Shirogane, Hiroshi Shiota, Toshiuki Uchida, Shinsuke Ota
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Patent number: 5782959Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing a composite inorganic membrane for hydrogen separation, more specifically, to a process for preparing a composite inorganic membrane for hydrogen separation which comprises formation of intermediate layer in an asymmetric porous alumina support by sol-gel method, and modification of pores of the alumina membrane by soaking palladium acetate solution into the pores and vapor-deposition to enhance the permeability and selectivity for hydrogen.Type: GrantFiled: June 21, 1996Date of Patent: July 21, 1998Assignee: Korea Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologyInventors: Seung-Man Yang, Seung-Bin Park, Seung-Jin Lee, Sang-Yon Lee
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Patent number: 5753121Abstract: Inorganic composite membrane containing molecular sieve crystals, comprising a macroporous support to which molecular sieve crystals and modifications thereof have been applied substantially as a monolayer, said crystals and modifications thereof having been oriented so that, toa substantial extent, the pores of the sieve crystals form a significant included angle with the support surface, there being present between the crystals a gastight matrix, at least gastight to a degree sufficient under practical conditions.Type: GrantFiled: March 10, 1995Date of Patent: May 19, 1998Assignee: Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. (ECPI)Inventors: Eduard Rudolf Geus, Jacobus Cornelis Jansen, Blandikus Catharikus Jaspers, Johannes Schoonman, Herman van Bekkum
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Patent number: 5738708Abstract: A composite metal membrane including a first metal layer of Group IVB met or Group VB metals, the first metal layer sandwiched between two layers of an oriented metal of palladium, platinum or alloys thereof is provided together with a process for the recovery of hydrogen from a gaseous mixture including contacting a hydrogen-containing gaseous mixture with a first side of a nonporous composite metal membrane including a first metal of Group IVB metals or Group VB metals, the first metal layer sandwiched between two layers of an oriented metal of palladium, platinum or alloys thereof, and, separating hydrogen from a second side of the nonporous composite metal membrane.Type: GrantFiled: June 7, 1995Date of Patent: April 14, 1998Assignee: The Regents of the University of California Office of Technology TransferInventors: Nathaniel M. Peachey, Robert C. Dye, Ronny C. Snow, Stephan A. Birdsell
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Patent number: 5723035Abstract: The invention relates to novel membranes, formed from perovskitic or multi-phase structures, with a chemically active coating which demonstrate exceptionally high rates of fluid flux. One application is the separation of oxygen from oxygen-containing feeds at elevated temperatures. The membranes are conductors of oxygen ions and electrons, and are substantially stable in air over the temperature range of 25.degree. C. to the operating temperature of the membrane.Type: GrantFiled: June 7, 1995Date of Patent: March 3, 1998Assignee: The Standard Oil CompanyInventors: Terry J. Mazanec, Thomas L. Cable
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Patent number: 5716527Abstract: Membranes useful in separating moleculres or catalytic conversions comprise a substrate, a zeolite or zeolite-like layer, a selectivity enhancing coating in contact with the zeolite layer and optionally a permeable intermediate layer in contact with the substrate the zeolite layer being in contact either with the substrate or the optional intermediate layer.Type: GrantFiled: July 8, 1994Date of Patent: February 10, 1998Assignee: Exxon Research & Engineering CompanyInventors: Harry William Deckman, Edward William Corcoran, Jr., James Alexander McHenry, Wenyih Frank Lai, Lothar Ruediger Czarnetzki, William Edward Wales
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Patent number: 5703359Abstract: For treating a fluid sample for introduction to a mass spectrometer or other appropriate use, a composite membrane and support assembly allows analytes from a sample flow to permeate through a membrane free from the undesired background matrix. The composite membrane and support assembly comprises a semipermeable membrane, a fiber member for supporting the membrane, and a rigid perforated member for supporting the membrane and the fiber support.Type: GrantFiled: July 29, 1996Date of Patent: December 30, 1997Assignee: Leybold Inficon, Inc.Inventor: Francis M. Wampler, III
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Patent number: 5681373Abstract: Planar solid-state membrane modules for separating oxygen from an oxygen-containing gaseous mixture which provide improved pneumatic and structural integrity and ease of manifolding. The modules are formed from a plurality of planar membrane units, each membrane unit which comprises a channel-free porous support having connected through porosity which is in contact with a contiguous dense mixed conducting oxide layer having no connected through porosity. The dense mixed conducting oxide layer is placed in flow communication with the oxygen-containing gaseous mixture to be separated and the channel-free porous support of each membrane unit is placed in flow communication with one or more manifolds or conduits for discharging oxygen which has been separated from the oxygen-containing gaseous mixture by permeation through the dense mixed conducting oxide layer of each membrane unit and passage into the manifolds or conduits via the channel-free porous support of each membrane unit.Type: GrantFiled: March 13, 1995Date of Patent: October 28, 1997Assignee: Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.Inventors: Dale M. Taylor, Jeffrey Donald Bright, Michael Francis Carolan, Raymond Ashton Cutler, Paul Nigel Dyer, Eric Minford, David W. Prouse, Robin Edward Richards, Steven L. Russek, Merrill Anderson Wilson
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Patent number: 5647894Abstract: A gas separating composite membrane comprising two types of polyimide resin layers having different molecular structures and each having solubility in an organic solvent different from each other, the two layers being laminated being substantially independent or via a mixed layer, the first polyimide resin layer comprising a porous polyimide supporting membrane having a nitrogen gas permeation flux density at 25.degree. C. of at least 2 Nm.sup.3 /m.sup.2 /h/atm., and the second polyimide resin layer, which contributes to a gas separating performance comprising a fluorine-containing polyimide thin film containing at least three fluorine atoms in a repeating molecular structure unit which constructs the second polyimide resin layer has a very high gas permeation flux density while maintaining a high gas permeability, excels in heat resistance and chemical resistance, and satisfies a practical use in terms of cost.Type: GrantFiled: June 7, 1995Date of Patent: July 15, 1997Assignee: Nitto Denko CorporationInventors: Tomomi Ohara, Hisao Hachisuka, Ping Xu, Akira Shimazu, Kenichi Ikeda
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Patent number: 5645626Abstract: There are disclosed improvements in multicomponent composite metal membranes useful for the separation of hydrogen, the improvements comprising the provision of at least one common-axis hole through all components of the composite membrane and the provision of a gas-tight seal around the periphery of the hole or holes through a coating metal layer of the membrane.Type: GrantFiled: January 11, 1996Date of Patent: July 8, 1997Assignee: Bend Research, Inc.Inventors: David J. Edlund, David D. Newbold, Chester B. Frost
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Patent number: 5614001Abstract: A hydrogen separator has a porous substrate having a through-hole, and a metal having a hydrogen separating ability coated on the inner surface of the through-hole of the porous substrate to close pores on the inner surface of the through-hole. A method for manufacturing a hydrogen separator by a chemical plating process, includes providing a porous substrate having a through-hole, and forcedly circulating a plating solution containing a metal having a hydrogen separating ability through the through-hole of the substrate. The inner surface of the through-hole is covered with the metal film having the hydrogen separating ability.Type: GrantFiled: May 19, 1995Date of Patent: March 25, 1997Assignee: NGK Insulators, Ltd.Inventors: Shinichi Kosaka, Osamu Sakai, Tomonori Takahashi, Takao Soma
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Patent number: 5599383Abstract: Tubular solid-state membrane modules for separating oxygen from an oxygen-containing gaseous mixture which provide improved pneumatic and structural integrity and ease of manifolding. The modules are formed from a plurality of tubular membrane units, each membrane unit which comprises a channel-free porous support having connected through porosity which is in contact with a contiguous dense mixed conducting oxide layer having no connected through porosity. The dense mixed conducting oxide layer is placed in flow communication with the oxygen-containing gaseous mixture to be separated and the channel-free porous support of each membrane unit is placed in flow communication with one or more manifolds or conduits for discharging oxygen which has been separated from the oxygen-containing gaseous mixture by permeation through the dense mixed conducting oxide layer of each membrane unit and passage into the manifolds or conduits via the channel-free porous support of each membrane unit.Type: GrantFiled: March 13, 1995Date of Patent: February 4, 1997Assignee: Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.Inventors: Paul N. Dyer, Jeffrey D. Bright, Michael F. Carolan, Eric Minford, Robin E. Richards, Steven L. Russek, Dale M. Taylor, Merrill A. Wilson
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Patent number: 5584997Abstract: A separation module to be used for separation and filtration of micro-substances. The separation module comprises a bundled configuration of a plurality of hollow thread-type porous membrane elements made of high polymer material. The bundled configuration is sealingly disposed in a casing, in which the thread-type porous membrane elements are bound each other by means of molten thermoplastic resin.Type: GrantFiled: September 1, 1994Date of Patent: December 17, 1996Assignee: Tsuchiya Mfg. Co., Ltd.Inventors: Tamotsu Yagihashi, Tsutomu Araki, Kazuyoshi Tukamoto
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Patent number: 5545320Abstract: A device for filtering and separating a flow medium by reverse osmosis, microfiltration, ultrafiltration or nanofiltration has a pressure-tight housing with an inlet for the flow medium and a first outlet for the retentate and a second outlet for the permeate. A plurality of stacked units comprised of spacer elements and membrane filter elements is provided. The spacer elements and the membrane filter elements are stacked alternatingly atop one another to form a stack. The stacked units further comprise two receptacle parts forming a receptacle for enclosing a stack of spacer elements and membrane filter elements. The stacked units are positioned adjacent to one another in the housing. The flow medium flows in sequence through the stacked units.Type: GrantFiled: February 17, 1995Date of Patent: August 13, 1996Assignee: DT Membranfilter Vertriebs GmbHInventors: Wilhelm Heine, Jurgen Mohn
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Patent number: 5536405Abstract: Membrane disk assemblies include membrane disks which have feed and residue apertures formed through and bounded entirely by a perimetrical edge region of the disk. Preferably, the feed and residue apertures are formed though a fluid-impermeable support rim positioned in the perimetrical edge region of the membrane disk which serves to sealably bond the exterior membrane sheets and at least one interposed permeate carrier sheet one to another. Most preferably, the support rim includes inwardly directed lobes through which the feed and residue apertures are formed. The membrane disks will also include a central permeate aperture in fluid communication with the carrier sheet interposed between the pair of membrane sheets. When a number of such membrane disks are assembled in stacked relationship with the feed, residue and central permeate apertures registered, there will be formed respective feed, residue and permeate passageways through the stack.Type: GrantFiled: May 11, 1994Date of Patent: July 16, 1996Assignee: UOPInventors: Roman Myrna, C. Glen Wensley
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Patent number: 5520807Abstract: A stacked membrane disk module has a number of membrane disks interleaved with seal rings and includes a biasing subassembly for maintaining a compressive force between the membrane disks and interleaved seal rings so that the module can be repeatedly pressurized/depressurized. The membrane disks preferably include a central first aperture and a pair of second apertures which are radially spaced from the central first aperture. These apertures will thus be respectively registered when a number of such membrane disks are stacked between a pair of end plates so as to establish a central fluid passageway and a pair of second fluid passageways. A rigid perforated tube is positioned within the central fluid aperture and is connected to the end plates so that at least one of the end plates is capable of being axially displaced relative to the perforated tube. A biasing member (e.g.Type: GrantFiled: May 11, 1994Date of Patent: May 28, 1996Assignee: UOPInventors: Roman Myrna, A. William Schwartz, C. Glen Wensley
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Patent number: 5518530Abstract: A connected body including a gas separator 10 and metallic members 21 and 22, each of which has a partly oxidized surface to be reliably connected with the gas separator. The gas separator includes a ceramic substrate 11 and a gas separation membrane 12 to be coated onto substrate 11. The substrate 11 is porous so that a gas molecule can pass therethrough, and gas separation membrane 12 is connected with metallic members 21 and 22 by a glass 15 having a thermal expansion coefficient of 5.0-8.0.times.10.sup.-6 /.degree.C. Glass 15 contacts with metal supporters 21 and 22 with a contact angle of 90.degree. or less. The connected body of a gas separator and metallic supporters and an apparatus for separating hydrogen gas from a mixed gas display excellent durability and are free from leakage at the joints during the separation of hydrogen gas at high temperatures and under high pressure.Type: GrantFiled: October 14, 1994Date of Patent: May 21, 1996Assignee: NGK Insulators, Ltd.Inventors: Osamu Sakai, Tomonori Takahashi, Tetsuhisa Abe, Tomoyuki Fujii
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Patent number: 5500122Abstract: A module for separating at least one component from a flowing mixture containing the same, includes a pair of end plates between which a plurality of stacked separation disks are positioned. The separation disks separate at least one component from the flowing mixture and defines a central passageway therethrough. A tensionable conduit is disposed in the fluid passageway to define a pathway for the separated component through at least one of said end plates and cause the end plates to exert a compressive force to the stacked separation disks in response to the conduit being tensioned. In preferred embodiments, the tensionable conduit includes a single or double helix spring which is machined along a major axial extent of its length. An adjustment nut may thus be threadably coupled to at least one (nonmachined) end portion of the conduit so as to adjustably tension the conduit and translate such tension into compressive force exerted to the stack of membranes by the end plates.Type: GrantFiled: May 11, 1994Date of Patent: March 19, 1996Assignee: UOPInventor: A. William Schwartz
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Patent number: 5498278Abstract: There are disclosed improvements in multicomponent composite metal membranes useful for the separation of hydrogen, the improvements comprising the provision of a flexible porous intermediate layer between a support layer and a nonporous hydrogen-permeable coating metal layer, and the provision of a textured coating metal layer.Type: GrantFiled: December 19, 1994Date of Patent: March 12, 1996Assignee: Bend Research, Inc.Inventor: David J. Edlund
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Patent number: 5487774Abstract: Flaw-free porous ceramic membranes fabricated from metal sols and coated onto a porous support are advantageously used in gas phase fractionation methods. Mean pore diameters of less than 40 .ANG., preferably 5-20 .ANG. and most preferably about 15 .ANG., are permeable at lower pressures than existing membranes. Condensation of gases in small pores and non-Knudsen membrane transport mechanisms are employed to facilitate and increase membrane permeability and permselectivity.Type: GrantFiled: November 8, 1993Date of Patent: January 30, 1996Assignee: Wisconsin Alumni Research FoundationInventors: Reid A. Peterson, Charles G. Hill, Jr., Marc A. Anderson
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Patent number: 5456740Abstract: A getter-filter composite membrane element, comprising a sinterable getter material and a sinterable metal filter material, the composite element defining a matrix of substantially interconnected pores. Membrane elements may be comprised of at least three alternating layers of a first sinterable getter material layer and a second sinterable metal filter material layer, the first getter layer being located between the second filter layers, the second layers acting to hold the getter layer, and to retain the getter particles. Also disclosed is a method of making the getter-filter element.Type: GrantFiled: June 22, 1994Date of Patent: October 10, 1995Assignee: Millipore CorporationInventors: James T. Snow, Walter Plante, Robert S. Zeller
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Patent number: 5431864Abstract: Improved composite semipermeable membranes including microporous carbonaceous adsorptive material supported by a porous substrate for use in separating multicomponent gas mixtures in which certain components in the mixture adsorb within the pores of the adsorptive material and diffuse by surface flow through the membrane to yield a permeate stream enriched in these components. Methods for making the improved composite membranes are described including one or more oxidation steps which increase the membrane permeability and selectivity.Type: GrantFiled: April 18, 1994Date of Patent: July 11, 1995Assignee: Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.Inventors: Madhukar B. Rao, Shivaji Sircar, Timothy C. Golden
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Patent number: 5429743Abstract: Inorganic composite membrane containing molecular sieve crystals, the membrane having a macroporous support to which molecular sieve crystals and modifications thereof have been applied substantially as monolayer, the crystals have been oriented to a substantial extent, such that the pores of the sieve crystals form a significant included angle with the support surface, the membrane has a gastight matrix present between the crystals.Type: GrantFiled: August 4, 1993Date of Patent: July 4, 1995Assignee: Technische Universiteit DelftInventors: Eduard R. Geus, Jacobus C. Jansen, Blandikus C. Jaspers, Johannes Schoonman, Herman van Bekkum
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Patent number: 5415891Abstract: A novel membrane preparation process via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) deposits a film on a microporous ceramic support at a low temperature (300.degree. to 550.degree. C.) with organic metallic compounds as precursors and then converts the film into porous oxide at a higher temperature (350.degree. C. to 800.degree. C., preferably 450.degree. C. to 600.degree. C.) to increase its permeability and stability at a given process application temperature. The novel membrane is used for gas separations at an elevated temperature (300.degree. C. to 800.degree. C.). The novel membrane can be used as a catalytic membrane reactor which selectively removes one of the reaction products, thereby enhancing the conversion of the reaction. The ultrafiltration membrane provides gaseous mixtures separation media having high permeance and superior hydrogen selectivity.Type: GrantFiled: January 10, 1994Date of Patent: May 16, 1995Assignee: Media and Process Technology Inc.Inventors: Paul K. T. Liu, Jeffrey C. Wu
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Patent number: 5393325Abstract: Composite hydrogen separation metal membranes are disclosed that contain an intermediate layer separating a base metal and a coating metal, wherein the intermediate layer is not a pure metal or metal alloy and is thermodynamically stable at operating temperatures.Type: GrantFiled: November 8, 1993Date of Patent: February 28, 1995Assignee: Bend Research, Inc.Inventor: David J. Edlund
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Patent number: 5384101Abstract: Reaction rates in chemisorption reactions involving solid reactants and gaseous ligands are improved by maintaining optimized solid density throughout the reaction. Methods and apparatus which restrict volumetric solid expansion, compression of the solid reactant, and mixture with inert solid porous or particulate materials are disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: June 16, 1992Date of Patent: January 24, 1995Assignee: Rocky ResearchInventor: Uwe Rockenfeller
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Patent number: 5358553Abstract: Mixtures of hydrogen and hydrocarbons may be separated by a membrane formed of a thin dense layer of platinum or palladium on the inside of a porous graphite tube.Type: GrantFiled: July 5, 1991Date of Patent: October 25, 1994Assignee: Texaco Inc.Inventors: Mitri S. Najjar, Tansukhlal G. Dorawala, Uygur Koturk
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Patent number: 5306476Abstract: A continuous process for the removal of hydrogen sulfide from a gas stream using a membrane comprising a metal oxide deposited on a porous support is disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: June 2, 1992Date of Patent: April 26, 1994Assignee: Electrochem, Inc.Inventors: Vinod Jalan, deceased, Jae Ryu
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Patent number: 5259870Abstract: Novel composite metal membranes are disclosed that contain an intermetallic diffusion barrier separating a hydrogen-permeable base metal and a hydrogen-permeable coating metal.Type: GrantFiled: December 7, 1992Date of Patent: November 9, 1993Assignee: Bend Research, Inc.Inventor: David J. Edlund
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Patent number: 5250184Abstract: Microporous membranes for the separation of gas and liquid mixtures. The new membranes show a temperature stability up to 500.degree. C. and a gas separation with separation factors better than the Knudsen limit. Continuous microporous inorganic membranes of any desirable thickness can be prepared by e-beam evaporation of metal oxides on a support membrane, which has substantially larger pores than the metal oxide membrane. It is advantageous when the support membrane consists of the same material as the microporous membrane. The membranes are of porous structure with a narrow pore size distribution of pores, where the majority of the pores have diameters smaller than 1 nm. The membranes can be used in all areas of gas and liquid separation, where the selective separation of smaller molecules from mixtures is desired (f.e.Type: GrantFiled: May 13, 1992Date of Patent: October 5, 1993Assignee: Studiengesellschaft Kohle mbHInventor: Wilhelm F. Maier
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Patent number: 4163667Abstract: Electro-optic imaging members including photoconductive material, a deformable elastomer layer and a thin, flexible conductive metallic layer are described. The metallic layer comprises titanium and silver. Methods for forming the metallic layer and imaging methods utilizing the novel imaging members are also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: October 11, 1973Date of Patent: August 7, 1979Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventor: Joseph J. Wysocki
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Patent number: 4148636Abstract: A layer of thermally deformable plastic used, for example, in a holographic recording medium has an undulated surface whereby the layer has an uneven thickness. Because of the uneven thickness, the layer has a composite spatial frequency pass band greater than the spatial frequency pass band of a layer of uniform thickness.Type: GrantFiled: August 29, 1978Date of Patent: April 10, 1979Assignee: RCA Corp.Inventors: Thomas L. Credelle, William J. Hannan, Fred W. Spong
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Patent number: 4137077Abstract: A layer of thermally deformable plastic used, for example, in a holographic recording medium has an undulated surface whereby the layer has an uneven thickness. Because of the uneven thickness, the layer has a composite spatial frequency pass band greater than the spatial frequency pass band of a layer of uniform thickness.Type: GrantFiled: January 29, 1976Date of Patent: January 30, 1979Assignee: RCA CorporationInventors: Thomas L. Credelle, William J. Hannan, Fred W. Spong
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Patent number: 4131463Abstract: An image-recording material comprising a support, at least the surface of which is electrically conductive, having on the electric conductive surface a layer of an electron-sensitive composition substantially containing (a) a trivalent cobalt complex compound, (b) a compound having a conjugated .pi. bond system capable of forming at least a bidentate ligand with a divalent or trivalent cobalt ion, and (c) a film-forming organic high polymer, the electron-sensitive composition further containing (d) a compound capable of absorbing electromagnetic waves of a wavelength not longer than about 350 nm as an ultraviolet light absorbing agent, an image-recording process using the image-recording element and an apparatus for forming visible images using the image-recording material.Type: GrantFiled: September 19, 1977Date of Patent: December 26, 1978Assignee: Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.Inventors: Masayoshi Tsuboi, Yoshiaki Suzuki, Masatoshi Tabei
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Patent number: 4131462Abstract: This invention pertains to an improved thermoplastic holographic recording medium having an added layer between the thermoplastic layer and the photoconductor layer. The added layer is electrically insulating at temperatures used for thermal development to prevent decaying charge contrast during hologram development.Type: GrantFiled: February 17, 1976Date of Patent: December 26, 1978Assignee: Honeywell Inc.Inventors: Tzuo-Chang Lee, Jacob W. Lin
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Patent number: 4105323Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for recording information by deformation on a recording material having a photoconductive thermoplastic layer supported by a flexible transparent backing layer, characterized by the provision of electrostatic attraction means for stabilizing the recording material against lateral displacement during the continuous transport of the recording material through an exposure station. To this end, there are provided corona means for electrostatically charging the recording material prior to the transport thereof through the exposure station, and a stationary conductive layer of a given potential is arranged beneath the recording material opposite the charging and exposure stations, whereby the charged recording material is attracted to the conductive layer. A further conductive layer of given potential may be provided for stabilizing the charged recording medium during transport through a read-out station.Type: GrantFiled: March 12, 1976Date of Patent: August 8, 1978Assignee: Hoechst AktiengesellschaftInventors: Roland Moraw, Gunther Schadlich
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Patent number: 4103071Abstract: Thermoplastic recording member in which a thermoplastic film recording layer is formed on a conductive support with the optional provision of an intermediate photoconductive layer, the resin film containing from 0.1 to 10% by weight of a silicone, fluorocarbon or chlorofluorocarbon oil, based on the weight of the film.Type: GrantFiled: April 7, 1976Date of Patent: July 25, 1978Assignee: Ricoh Co., Ltd.Inventors: Michiharu Abe, Akiyoshi Oride
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Patent number: 4089684Abstract: Disclosed is an imaging method based upon the selective exposure of a select pair of photoactive materials to actinic radiation. According to this method, charge exchange between materials of a photosensitive mixture results in the selective decomposition of one of the components of said mixture. In the event that the above materials are dispersed within a polymeric film, the selective decomposition of one of these dispersed components will be manifest by changes induced in the polymeric film. Such changes in the characteristic properties of the film will, of course, vary depending upon the content of the dispersed photosensitive components in the film and the extent of decomposition of one of said materials.Type: GrantFiled: January 31, 1977Date of Patent: May 16, 1978Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Franklin D. Saeva, George R. Olin, William W. Limburg
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Patent number: 4077803Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for achieving substantially uniform charging of a single layer thermoplastic recording surface in either a positive or negative sense to a potential just below the frost threshold level, for exposing the thermoplastic surface to light in image configuration, and for applying a heat pulse to the thermoplastic surface for a time relatively short compared to the duration of the light exposure interval and during that exposure. The charging event is arranged so that the thermoplastic surface is raised only to a relatively low potential with respect to ground. More specifically, the consequent surface charge density on the thermoplastic surface is of a low enough magnitude that no frost is produced when the medium is cycled without exposure to light; furthermore, the quality of the recording is relatively insensitive to layer thickness.Type: GrantFiled: December 1, 1975Date of Patent: March 7, 1978Assignee: Sperry Rand CorporationInventor: Robert L. Gravel
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Patent number: 4065308Abstract: A deformation imaging system including an imaging member comprising a layer of a surface deformable material, a layer of an elastomer material, and means for establishing an imagewise electrical field across at least the surface deformable material layer and/or the elastomer layer. Embodiments wherein the surface deformable material layer and the elastomer layer are adjacent each other and embodiments wherein these layers are separated from each other are described. Various techniques for subjecting the imaging members to an electrical field and imaging methods utilizing the imaging members are also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: April 24, 1975Date of Patent: December 27, 1977Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventor: Richard F. Bergen
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Patent number: 4062680Abstract: A reversal migration imaging system comprising erasing imaged migration imaging members and fabricating, layer configuration migration imaging members is disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: April 1, 1975Date of Patent: December 13, 1977Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventor: William L. Goffe
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Patent number: 4050807Abstract: A blocking filter is used, in conjunction with the substractive filter method of copying photographic color images, to remove or substantially remove by greatly weakening wave lengths from the copying light in the range in which the filter characteristics of the blue and green color filters or the spectral sensitivity curves of photographic copying paper overlap each other, or more particularly in a 30 nm belt about a central wave length of approximately 500 nm.Type: GrantFiled: February 11, 1976Date of Patent: September 27, 1977Assignee: Durst AG. Fabrik Fototechnischer Apparate BozenInventor: Siegfried Barbieri
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Patent number: 4032338Abstract: A holographic recording medium comprising a conductive substrate, a photoconductive layer and an electrically alterable layer of a linear, low molecular weight hydrocarbon polymer has improved fatigue resistance. An acrylic barrier layer can be interposed between the photoconductive and electrically alterable layers.Type: GrantFiled: October 8, 1975Date of Patent: June 28, 1977Assignee: RCA CorporationInventor: Robert Allen Gange
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Patent number: 4030922Abstract: An image recording method for imagewise modulated radiation comprising: forming electric latent images of a radiation image on two or more recording surfaces and then forming an edge enhanced first image and a second image non-edge enhanced or edge enhanced to a small degree in comparison with the first image.Type: GrantFiled: September 26, 1975Date of Patent: June 21, 1977Assignee: Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.Inventors: Satoru Honjo, Seiji Matsumoto
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Patent number: 4023969Abstract: An imaging system comprising an imaging member including a deformable metallic layer arranged between a pair of deformable layers, at least one of which comprises an elastomer material. In operation an electrical field is established across the deformable layers to cause deformation thereof in imagewise configuration. The imaging member may include photoconductive material and may include a pair of electrodes for establishing an electrical field across the deformable layers. In one embodiment the electrodes may comprise an electrical X-Y matrix address system.Type: GrantFiled: January 3, 1975Date of Patent: May 17, 1977Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventor: Nicholas K. Sheridon
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Patent number: 4021236Abstract: A deformation imaging system including an imaging member comprising a layer of a surface deformable material, a layer of an elastomer material, and means for establishing an imagewise electrical field across at least the surface deformable material layer and/or the elastomer layer. Embodiments wherein the surface deformable material layer and the elastomer layer are adjacent each other and embodiments wherein these layers are separated from each other are described. Various techniques for subjecting the imaging members to an electrical field and imaging methods utilizing the imaging members are also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: April 24, 1975Date of Patent: May 3, 1977Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Nicholas K. Sheridon, Dorian Kermisch
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Patent number: 4018603Abstract: A deformation imaging system including an imaging member comprising a layer of a surface deformable material, a layer of an elastomer material, and means for establishing an imagewise electrical field across at least the surface deformable material layer and/or the elastomer layer. Embodiments wherein the surface deformable material layer and the elastomer layer are adjacent each other and embodiments wherein these layers are separated from each other are described. Various techniques for subjecting the imaging members to an electrical field and imaging methods utilizing the imaging members are also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: April 24, 1975Date of Patent: April 19, 1977Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Nicholas K. Sheridon, Dorian Kermisch, Richard F. Bergen
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Patent number: 4013462Abstract: Migration material dispersed throughout a softenable layer is caused to imagewise selectively migrate to at least locations in depth in the softenable layer, by (A) subjecting said migration material to an imagewise migration force and changing the resistance of said softenable layer, to migration of migration material or by (B) subjecting said migration material to a migration force and imagewise changing the resistance of said softenable layer to migration of migration material.Type: GrantFiled: June 30, 1969Date of Patent: March 22, 1977Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: William L. Goffe, Joseph Mammino, Joan R. Ewing
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Patent number: 4012253Abstract: A holographic recording medium comprising a conductive substrate, a photoconductive layer and an electrically alterable layer of a linear, low molecular weight hydrocarbon polymer has improved fatigue resistance. An acrylic barrier layer can be interposed between the photoconductive and electrically alterable layers.Type: GrantFiled: October 16, 1974Date of Patent: March 15, 1977Assignee: RCA CorporationInventor: Robert Allen Gange