Abstract: An apparatus and method for removing volatile organic compounds from an air stream wherein airborne adsorbent material is mixed with contaminated exhaust air in a vertical main column. Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) within the exhaust air adhere to the adsorbent material and are thus removed from the air. The clean air exits the system and the saturated adsorbent material falls through the bottom of the main column and into a lower reservoir. The saturated adsorbent material is desorbed and recycled through the adsorber apparatus by being drawn up from the lower reservoir through a secondary column and deposited at the inlet to the main column. At the top end of the main column, the adsorbent material is once again dropped into the contaminated exhaust air flowing through the main column. This process is constant and adsorbent material is continuously being recycled through the system.

Abstract: An improved apparatus and process is provided for scrubbing sulphur oxide gas from combustion flue gas with wet limestone particles as a reactive scrubbing agent. The process is carried out in a moving bed reactor having louvered inlet and outlet sides which permit the flue gas to pass through the reactor while the limestone particles move downward. The flue gas may be flowed through the moving bed reactor at a high velocity to permit scrubbing of large volumes of gas in a thorough and efficient manner. The high velocity of flue gas passing through the reactor causes some of the scrubbing particles to be ejected from the outlet side of the reactor. Problems associated with the ejection of the scrubbing particles are avoided by providing a slot alongside the outlet side of the reactor. The slot is sized so that the flue gas passing therethrough will have insufficient velocity to entrain the ejected scrubbing particles therein.

Abstract: A regeneratable adsorber for adsorbing adsorbable contaminates from a fluid stream containing same is disclosed. The adsorber includes an adsorber housing in which there is a fluid stream inlet and a fluid stream outlet. The adsorber also includes a plurality of adsorber chambers which are arranged in an indexable wheel configuration. Each chamber includes an electrically conductive adsorbent, such as a monolithic activated carbon, a set of electrical conductors in contact with the adsorbent, and an inlet and outlet. A chamber is either in contact with a source of contaminate fluid or a desorbent fluid used to regenerate the adsorber. The adsorber includes selectively indexed chambers for adsorption or desorption to provide continuous contaminate adsorption and regeneration.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating gas introduced into a vessel containing a particulate material at a temperature less than that of the gas in a manner so that said material reduces the temperature of the gas and the gas entrains at least a portion of the material. The entrained material is then separated from the gas and passed to a heat exchanger to cool the material while the separated gas is passed to a turbine to drive same. At least a portion of the exhaust gas from the turbine is passed to the heat exchanger in a manner to fluidize the material in the heat exchanger and the cooled separated material is returned back to the vessel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an organic-solvent vapor adsorbing apparatus which includes a rotor containing an adsorbent and having tubular draft passages arranged in a direction of the rotational axis thereof. Plate-like separators disposed along a radial direction of the rotor define a plurality of zones. A treatment zone is provided for removing organic solvent vapor from a gaseous stream passed therethrough and into the adsorbent. A regeneration zone is also provided for removing the organic solvent from the adsorbent by a heated air stream passed therethrough. Finally, a purge zone is provided for cooling the adsorbent with cool air. Air exiting the purge zone is merged with the heated air stream which is introduced into the regeneration zone.

Abstract: A process is described for the separation of a mixture of substances by sorption of the mixture's components on two different sorption agents, which are individually and independently adjustable in their sorption properties, and is performed in a manner by which the mixture of substances to be separated is introduced into a separation chamber between the surfaces of the sorption agents, and in which the separation chamber is occupied by a gap medium, in which the mixture's components can be dissolved and/or dispersed and/or evaporated, while the phases containing the sorption agents move in opposing directions, and the separated components of the mixture held on the sorption agents are recovered after passage through the separation path. This process is characterized in that the separation chamber is formed by at least two or several hollow, concentrically superimposed cylindrical disks Z.sub.A and Z.sub.B, which are filled with structural elements, and which contain separation media Ph.sub.A and Ph.sub.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for treating synthesized gas ("syngas") comprises introducing the syngas into a lower portion of a vessel. The syngas flows in the lower portion through a static regenerative hot gravel bed and into an upper portion of the vessel containing particulate material at a temperature less than that of the syngas in a manner so that the material reduces the temperature of the syngas and reacts with the syngas to abate pollutants therein, and the syngas entrains at least a portion of the material. The entrained material is then separated from the gas, cooled in a heat exchanger, and returned to the vessel, while the separated syngas is passed to downstream facilities.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for removing volatile organic compounds from an air stream wherein airborne adsorbent material is mixed with contaminated exhaust air in a vertical main column. Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) within the exhaust air adhere to the adsorbent material and are thus removed from the air. The clean air exits the system and the saturated adsorbent material falls through the bottom of the main column and into a lower reservoir. The saturated adsorbent material is desorbed and recycled through the adsorber apparatus by being drawn up from the lower reservoir through a secondary column and deposited at the inlet to the main column. At the top end of the main column, the adsorbent material is once again dropped into the contaminated exhaust air flowing through the main column. This process is constant and adsorbent material is continuously being recycled through the system.

Abstract: A desulfurizing and denitrating apparatus wherein an inner space of a tower body, which has an introduction port for a gas to be processed and a processed gas discharge port formed respectively in opposite side walls, is partitioned in a direction from the side wall having the processed gas introduction port toward the side wall having the processed gas discharge port by an inlet louver, a perforated plate and an outlet louver all extending vertically parallel to each other, a constant-rate discharging device for setting a moving speed of a carbon-base adsorbent in a small chamber defined between the inlet louver and the perforated plate and a constant-rate discharging device for setting a moving speed of a carbon-base adsorbent in a large chamber defined between the perforated plate and the outlet louver are provided, the moving speed of the carbon-base adsorbent in the small chamber is set to be 2 to 4 times greater than an average moving speed, and the distance from the inlet louver to the perforated plate

Abstract: A process and apparatus wherein an adsorption media, containing contaminants adsorbed from a contaminated gas stream, are contained in a media chamber. This chamber is defined by a generally cylindrical vessel, and the adsorption media comprises a polymeric material in particulate or bead form. The media chamber is defined in surrounding relationship to an elongate hollow guide tube which extends longitudinally along the central axis of the chamber. A microwave generator supplies microwave energy into the guide tube which functions as a waveguide. This waveguide has a plurality of slots formed therein which functions as radiators for the microwave energy. The microwave energy passes radially outwardly from the waveguide into the surrounding media throughout the length thereof to effect uniform heating of the media both longitudinally and radially. This heating effects release of the contaminants from the adsorbent media, which volatiles are then sucked out of the media.

Abstract: An organic solvent recovery system comprises a vacuum suction device for sucking a gas containing organic solvent from a soil contaminated by the organic solvent and a gas treating apparatus connected to a discharge side of the vacuum device through a connection line for adsorbing and recovering the organic solvent in the gas by activated carbon. The gas treating apparatus comprises an adsorption unit connected to the vacuum device provided with a multistage fluidized bed of the activated carbon for adsorbing the organic solvent in the gas, and a desorption unit arranged side by side with the adsorption unit and provided with a moving bed of the activated carbon for desorbing the organic solvent from the activated carbon, the desorption unit being further provided with a heating device for heating the activated carbon and a gas supply device for supplying a carrier gas for conveying a desorbed solvent gas.

Abstract: Removal NO.sub.x and SO.sub.x from the flue gas utilizing a transport line adsorber through which sorbent is transported by pressurized flue gas to cause the sorbent to absorb NO.sub.x and SO.sub.x from the flue gas while the flue gas is transporting the sorbent particles through the transport line adsorber. A plurality of interconnected cyclones may be utilized to contact sorbent saturated with NO.sub.x and SO.sub.x removed from the flue gas with a heated gas to heat the sorbent and remove the NO.sub.x from the sorbent and separate the sorbent and the heated gas to produce an off stream of heated gas carrying the removed NO.sub.x away; the heated gas and gravity combine to pass the sorbent through the plurality of cyclones and which cyclones are positioned vertically and successively downwardly with respect to each other. A plurality of interconnected cyclones is also utilized to contact heated sorbent having the NO.sub.x and SO.sub.

Abstract: A fluid-permeable wall component of a sandwich-type construction has a slotted hole screen with substantially parallel extending vertical slot-limiting elements. A stabilizing grate is connected to the slot-limiting elements and includes connecting rods extending transverse to the slot-limiting elements and a louver-type construction with slats that extend transverse to the slot-limiting elements. The wall component is employed in an adsorption medium reactor of the fluidized bed type as a dividing wall for dividing the treatment chamber into compartments or an outer limiting wall. It retains particles of the adsorption medium within the divided compartments of the treatment chamber without obstructing the transverse fluid flow and allows separate removal of adsorption medium from either compartment.

Abstract: A gas separation process and a unit therefor. The process comprises the steps of: introducing a gas consisting of two or more components into an adsorption system in which adsorbent particles circulate in a fluidized state, thereby to allow, at atmospheric pressure or an elevated pressure, the adsorbent particles to adsorb a gas component to be separated from the gas; transferring the adsorbent particles adsorbing the gas component to a desorption system; and then desorbing the gas component from the adsorbent particles in the desorption system which is regulated to have either a lower pressure or a lower pressure and a higher temperature than the adsorption system.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for separating one or more agents, specially solvents, from gases. The agent or the agents are adsorbed by an adsorbent and thereafter desorbed and separated in a condenser (18). The regeneration of the adsorbent includes two steps. In the first step the agent or the agents are separated from a part of the adsorbent by heating. In this way the concentration of the agent or the agents is increased in those parts of the adsorbent which are closest to the condenser. In a second step the remaining parts of the adsorbent are regenerated.

Abstract: A light-sensitive silver halide photographic material having improved anti-fogging properties is described.

Abstract: A method of spectrally sensitizing a photographic light-sensitive emulsion where a water-soluble solution, prepared by dissolving a methine dye having at least one water-soluble group in water in the presence of a "Red Shift Compound", as hereinafter defined, is added to a photographic light-sensitive emulsion to provide a photographic light-sensitive emulsion spectrally sensitized with increased sensitizing efficiency and with reduced fog. The disadvantages caused by the use of high organic solvent contents are avoided and photographic light-sensitive emulsions suitable for high-speed coating are obtained.

Abstract: The present invention relates to light-sensitive photographic material with a light-sensitive heavy metal compound, e.g. a silver halide, and a spectral sensitizer. The spectral sensitizer is a compound in which the radicals of a sensitizing dyestuff are covalently bonded to amino, imino, hydroxyl, mercapto, carboxylic acid or carboxylic acid amide groups of a natural hydrophilic colloid, preferably gelatin.The invention also relates to new sensitizing dyes which are dinuclear cyanine dyes or merocyanine dyes which have attached either to a heterocyclic nucleus of the dye or to its methine chain a group which is reactive with a hydrophilic colloid.

Abstract: Sensitization of silver halide emulsions by merocyanines and cationic cyanines and the stability of this sensitization is improved by addition of heterocyclically substituted thioureas of the formula ##EQU1## wherein R.sup.1 is alkyl, alkenyl or arylR.sup.2 is alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryln is 0 or 1, andZ completes a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic group, preferably one which also contains a sulfur atom.

Abstract: Double merocyanine compounds having the following general formula as referred to hereinafter are useful as sensitizing dyes in siliver halide photosensitive materials.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new class of pyrrolobenzimidazole, benzimidazoloisoquinoline and dipyrodinobenzodiimidazole in cyanine sensitizing dyes derived therefrom and their use in silver halide emulsions, and to methods for preparation of such new dyes.