Abstract: Product manifolds for use with portable oxygen concentrators and portable oxygen concentrators including such product manifolds. An example product manifold for use with a portable oxygen concentrator includes a body, a first product port, a second product port, an accumulator port, an output port, and a flow path. The flow path fluidly couples the first product port, the second product port, the accumulator port, and the output port. The product manifold includes a first control port, a second control port, and a third control port. The first, second, and third control ports fluidly couple the flow path. The product manifold also includes a first solenoid valve assembly, a second solenoid valve assembly, and a third solenoid valve assembly. The first, second, and third solenoid valve assemblies are secured to the body of the product manifold adjacent the first, second, and third control ports, respectively, by a corresponding snap fit connector.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a method utilizing horizontal and vertical Adsorber bed(s) with multiple different reversible blower(s) and inputs operating in a vacuum pressure swing adsorption separation process to separate gases. The process is designed to provide a safer and more cost-effective adsorption system on a larger scale that captures and utilizes energy typically wasted during equipment transitions thereby achieving overall higher power efficiency.

Abstract: A compression unit including at least one volumetric compressor for compressing the air drawn from the external environment, a system for drying the compressed air operatively associated to the at least one volumetric compressor, one tank for storing the compressed air delivered from the at least one volumetric compressor, wherein the drying system comprises a unit for cooling the compressed air positioned downstream of and placed in fluid communication with the tank, and one dryer positioned upstream and placed in communication with the cooling unit, the dryer configured to reduce the moisture content present in the compressed air that can be dispensed by the compression unit, one solenoid valve positioned upstream of the dryer, to shut off the flow of compressed air flowing out from the tank, and a differential pressure switch to control the switching of the solenoid valve.

Abstract: The present invention concerns the use, for gas separation, of at least one zeolite adsorbent material comprising at least one FAU zeolite, said adsorbent having an external surface area greater than 20 m2·g?1, a non-zeolite phase (PNZ) content such that 0<PNZ?30%, and an Si/Al atomic ratio of between 1 and 2.5. The invention also concerns a zeolite adsorbent material having an Si/Al ratio such that 1?Si/Al<2.5, a mesoporous volume of between 0.08 cm3·g?1 and 0.25 cm3·g?1, a (Vmicro?Vmeso)/Vmicro ratio of between ?0.5 and 1.0, non-inclusive, and a non-zeolite phase (PNZ) content such that 0<PNZ?30%.

Abstract: An air dryer assembly with manifold system provides increased drying capacity for pressurized air systems, such as vehicle braking systems. A manifold connected to the supply ports of two adjacent air dryers allows parallel flow of air through the separate air dryers. An identical manifold connects to the delivery ports of the two air dryers to combine the clean, dry air from the delivery ports. Similar manifolds connect the control and purge ports of the dryers to allow simultaneous regeneration of the desiccant canisters. An assembly combining two air dryers, two pretreatment units, and manifolds connecting the supply, delivery, control, and purge ports of two air dryers is also disclosed.

Abstract: In a method of making a high surface area carbon material, a precursor organic material is prepared. The precursor organic material is subjected to a first elevated temperature while applying a gaseous purge thereto for a first predetermined time. The precursor organic material is subjected to a second elevated temperature while not applying the gaseous purge thereto for a second predetermined time after the first predetermined time. A high surface area carbon material includes carbon and has a surface area in a range between 3029 m2/g to 3565 m2/g and a pore volume in a range between 1.66 cm3/g and 1.90 cm3/g. The high surface area carbon material may be employed in an electrode for a supercapacitor.

Abstract: A resin-coated substrate composition includes a resin-coated substrate comprising a particulate substrate coated with a polymer resin, and an additive comprising bentonite or a zeolite. A method of preparing a resin-coated substrate composition includes heating a particulate substrate, and mixing the heated substrate with a polymer resin and an additive such as bentonite or a zeolite. In some embodiments, a foundry sand composition includes the resin-coated substrate composition. In some embodiments, a proppant sand composition includes the resin-coated substrate composition.

Abstract: An apparatus for recovering volatile liquid vapor from an air-volatile liquid vapor mixture includes a vapor blower unit having a first inlet and a first outlet. In addition the apparatus includes a vapor adsorption unit including a second inlet and a second outlet and a solid adsorbent adsorption unit including a third inlet and a third outlet. Further the apparatus includes a vapor regeneration unit including an intake port and a discharge port as well as a conduit system. The conduit system connects the first outlet to the second inlet, the second outlet to the third inlet, the third outlet to the intake port and the discharge port to the first inlet.

Abstract: A regenerating-type compressed air drier for regenerating compressed air by an electrical heating mechanism and a dehumidifying-and-regenerating unit are provided. The drier includes a dehumidifying-and-regenerating unit and an air distribution unit. Compressed high-humidity air and regenerating air are guided to the air distribution unit by a compressed high-humidity air piping and a regenerating air piping. The compressed high-humidity air and the regenerating air are guided to dehumidifying-and-regenerating components of the dehumidifying-and-regenerating unit by a shunt rotor of the air distribution unit to complete the dehumidification of the compressed air and the regeneration of the dehumidifying-and-regenerating components. The drier has a simple structure, and can reduce an undue loss of heat energy by an electrical heating mechanism to the regeneration of the dehumidifying-and-regenerating components.

Abstract: Provided are apparatus and systems having a poppet valve assembly and swing adsorption separation techniques related thereto. A poppet valve includes a valve body, a plurality of static valves fixedly secured to the valve body and a single dynamic poppet valve having a plurality of openings. The plurality of static valves align and mate with the plurality of openings. The single dynamic poppet valve reciprocates to selectively open and close the plurality of static valves.

Abstract: An oxygen concentrator is configured to provide oxygen at either lower pressures or higher pressures. When providing low pressure oxygen, the disclosed oxygen concentrator may be used with a conventional, low pressure oxygen delivery device, such as an oxygen cannula or mask, that is configured to deliver oxygen at approximate source pressures of 5 psig to 8 psig. When providing high pressure oxygen, the disclosed oxygen concentrator may be used with a high pressure oxygen delivery device, such as a low profile nasal cannula, that is configured to deliver oxygen at higher pressures. The disclosed oxygen concentrator is configured to automatically select whether low pressure oxygen or high pressure oxygen should be output to the user based on the type of connector used to couple a delivery device thereto, or based on characteristics of the delivery device itself.

Abstract: A process for separating methane from a natural gas mixture employs pressure swing adsorption in one or more vessels. Each vessel has an adsorbent material having a kinetic selectivity for contaminants over methane greater than 5. Contaminants within the natural gas mixture become gases kinetically adsorbed within the adsorbent material. The vessel is placed under pressure to cause contaminants to be adsorbed in the surfaces and micro-pores of the adsorbent material. The process includes releasing a product stream comprised at least 95% by volume methane from a first gas outlet in the vessel, and desorbing the contaminant gases from the adsorbent material by reducing the pressure within the vessel. The desorbing step is done without applying heat to the vessel, thereby delivering a waste gas stream comprised at least 95% by volume of the contaminant gases. An improved fractionation vessel having both major and minor flow channels is also provided.

Abstract: An air drying device for a rail vehicle, with a first air dryer container, a second air dryer container, and an air supply through which air to be dried can be supplied by a compressor to the air drying device. The air drying device also has an air outlet which is or can be connected to a storage area, wherein the air drying device includes a regeneration line by which air from the storage area can be conducted to the air supply, bypassing the first air dryer container and/or the second air dryer container and/or the air outlet. Also disclosed is a compressed air supply system for a rail vehicle with such an air drying device and a corresponding rail vehicle.

Abstract: Adsorptive decomposition of a gas mixture is performed by vacuum pressure swing adsorption. The gas mixture is condensed to the adsorption pressure by means of at least one condenser prior to being fed into the vacuum pressure swing adsorption process. Regeneration of the adsorber(s) is carried out by means of at least one vacuum pump. The condensed gas mixture (1, 5, 6) is at least periodically and/or at least partially temporarily stored (S1) and/or fed to a consumer at those times when no gas mixture is being fed to the vacuum pressure swing adsorption process; and/or at least one of the vacuum pumps (P) that is not required for the regeneration is used at least occasionally for another application at those times when no regeneration of the adsorber or an adsorber (A, A?) is being carried out.

Abstract: A method for indirectly monitoring and controlling an electrically resistive adsorption system. Adsorption of a predetermined adsorbate is conducted while indirectly monitoring electrical resistance of a unified adsorbent element. Breakthrough is predicted based upon the indirectly monitored electrical resistance and a previously measured mass loading relationship between the resistance of the unified adsorbent element and the loading of the unified resistance element with the predetermined adsorbate. Adsorption, regeneration and cooling cycles are controlled by a controller without any direct measurement of temperature or resistance of the element and characterizations of mass loading and temperature. Systems of the invention can have no sensors that contact the element, are in an adsorption vessel, and/or are downstream adsorption vessel.

Abstract: A system and method for separating and/or purification of CO2 gas from a CO2 feed stream is described. The system and method include a plurality of fixed sorbent beds, adsorption zones and desorption zones, where the sorbent beds are connected via valve and lines to create a simulated moving bed system, where the sorbent beds move from one adsorption position to another adsorption position, and then into one regeneration position to another regeneration position, and optionally back to an adsorption position. The system and method operate by concentration swing adsorption/desorption and by adsorptive/desorptive displacement.

Abstract: A nitrogen-enriched gas manufacturing method and a nitrogen-enriched gas manufacturing apparatus which minimize variations in the compressor load in order to ensure satisfactory utilization of the performance of the compressor.

Abstract: The present application is directed to a method and system for preparing gaseous utility streams from gaseous process streams, nitrogen process streams, and other types of streams. The methods and systems may include at least one swing adsorption process including pressure swing adsorption, temperature swing adsorption, and rapid-cycle adsorption processes to treat gaseous streams for use in dry gas seals of rotating equipment such as compressors, turbines and pumps and for other utilities. The systems and processes of the present disclosure are further applicable to high pressure gaseous streams, for example, up to about 600 bar.

Abstract: Methods of preparing an impurity-depleted hydrogen stream, methods of analyzing content of an impurity-depleted hydrogen stream from a pressure swing adsorption process, and pressure swing adsorption apparatuses are provided herein. In an embodiment, a method of analyzing content of an impurity-depleted hydrogen stream from a pressure swing adsorption process includes providing a hydrogen-containing feed stream to a pressure swing adsorption zone. The hydrogen-containing feed stream further includes an impurity content including methane and carbon monoxide. Methane and carbon monoxide are adsorbed from the hydrogen-containing feed stream in the pressure swing adsorption zone. The impurity-depleted hydrogen stream is withdrawn from the pressure swing adsorption zone, with the impurity-depleted hydrogen stream having a residual methane content and a residual carbon monoxide content. The residual methane content of the impurity-depleted hydrogen stream is sensed.

Abstract: Lightweight, small, portable devices and methods are disclosed that provide oxygen-enriched air using an ultra rapid adsorption cycle based on advanced molecular sieve materials.

Abstract: A carbon pyrolyzate adsorbent is described that is selective for carbon dioxide in contact with gas mixtures including carbon dioxide and methane. The adsorbent has a carbon dioxide adsorbent capacity at 1 bar pressure of greater than 50 cm3 carbon dioxide per gram of adsorbent at 273K, a methane adsorption capacity at 1 bar pressure of less than 35 cm3 methane per gram of adsorbent at 21° C., and a bulk density of greater than 0.55 gram per cubic centimeter of volume. Such adsorbent can be utilized, for example, for biogas upgrading, natural gas purification, coal bed methane purification, and refining operations.

Abstract: Embodiments herein relate generally to distribution of flow into vessels containing packed beds of media. An example application of such beds is to pressure swing or temperature swing adsorption systems. Systems herein may include a vessel and a distributor for distributing flow into a lower portion of the vessel. The system may include: a vessel comprising a top head and a bottom head; and a bottom head feed/effluent nozzle. A lower distributor having at least one flow permitting surface is disposed within the vessel and encompasses an inlet of the bottom head feed/effluent nozzle. A flow gap is formed between a bottom portion of the lower distributor and the bottom head feed/effluent nozzle.

Abstract: A system and method for processing unconditioned syngas first removes solids and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC), then removes volatile organic compounds (VOC), and then removes at least one sulfur containing compound from the syngas. Additional processing may be performed depending on such factors as the source of syngas being processed, the products, byproducts and intermediate products desired to be formed, captured or recycled and environmental considerations.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling the humidity of an indoor space is disclosed. The system features a desiccant wheel which rotates sequentially through a plurality of distinct process air streams in order to optimize desiccant moisture adsorption at the process side of the desiccant wheel. This moisture is then deposited on the regeneration side of the wheel upstream of a cooling coil, increasing the dew point of the air entering the coil. The latent capacity and operational temperature of the coiling coil will be increased as a result, thus enhancing the dehumidification performance of the cooling coil and the overall efficiency of the system.

Abstract: A regenerative scrubber system is provided for removing a selected gas from an atmosphere within a closed environment. The scrubber system includes a scrubber module having a first scrubber and a second scrubber, each housing a porous mass of regenerative adsorbent material for adsorbing the selected gas, a first flow diversion device disposed upstream of the scrubber module with respect to the gaseous flow from the closed environment, a second flow diversion device disposed downstream of the scrubber with respect to the gaseous flow from the closed environment, and a single actuator operatively associated with each of the first flow diversion device and the second flow diversion device.

Abstract: Granular material is dehumidified by: a) arranging a dehumidification plant having at least one hopper for containing the granular material, having a feed mouth and an output mouth, and at least one dry air generator fluidically connected to a dry air distributor inside the hopper; b) loading granular material into the hopper through the feed mouth; c) measuring the degree of initial humidity of the granular material entering the hopper; d) calculating on the basis of the values of initial humidity measured, the dehumidifying capacity of the dry air flow through the hopper needed to achieve predefined residual humidity values in the granular material leaving the hopper, the residence time of the granular material inside the hopper being fixed; e) generating a dry air flow through said hopper having a dehumidifying capacity calculated in the calculating step d).

Abstract: A system for increasing the power of cars by increasing the oxygen content in the intake manifold supply using a zeolite filtration system. This system does not rely on the conventional method of injecting pure oxygen from a tank or using hydrolysis from water. This actually converts the air to a higher oxygen content as it flows to the intake manifold in a car. The practical idea of this is to increase the power of the engine without increasing displacement or to have the engine downsized with less displacement while still having the same power. It also has the application in cars or trucks to almost completely diminish NOx emissions. This is especially useful in tractor trailers because then you can forgo expensive aftertreatment systems to reduce NOx, which sometimes cost more than the engine itself, greatly reducing the cost of a tractor trailer and also doing the things mentioned above.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for controlling a concentration of carbon dioxide in a gaseous atmosphere within a closed environment of a refrigerated transport container to maintain the concentration of carbon dioxide therein at a desired level. A carbon dioxide scrubber apparatus operates alternately in an adsorption mode and a regeneration mode. When a perishable produce is stowed in the closed environment, for example in a cargo box of a refrigerated transport container, the concentration of carbon dioxide may be maintain at a desired level to retard ripening of the perishable produce.

Abstract: Air treatment modules, systems and methods for removing contaminants from indoor air are provided. Device embodiments may include one or more air inlets, one or more air outlets and a plurality of inserts which each include at least one adsorbent material. The inserts may be arranged separate from each other to form a plurality of substantially parallel air flow paths between the one or more air inlets and one or more air outlets. The adsorbent material may be arranged for regeneration within the air treatment module using thermal swing desorption and/or pressure swing desorption. Related systems, methods and articles of manufacture are also described.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to contaminant removal from gas streams. In certain embodiments, the present disclosure relates to a process for removing one or more contaminants from a gas stream via contact with a regenerable sorbent at high temperature and pressure, utilizing a unique arrangement of reactors operating in parallel.

Abstract: Various equipment and methods associated with providing a concentrated product gas are provided. In one embodiment, the equipment includes an input device first and second sieve tanks, a variable restrictor, and a controller. In one embodiment, the method includes: a) selecting a desired output setting for the concentrated product gas from a plurality of output settings, b) separating one or more adsorbable components from a pressurized source gaseous mixture via first and second sieve tanks in alternating and opposing pressurization and purging cycles to form the concentrated product gas, and c) selectively controlling a variable restrictor based at least in part on the desired output setting to selectively provide flow between the first and second sieve tanks such that the flow for at least one output setting is different from the flow for at least one other output setting in relation to corresponding pressurization cycles.

Abstract: A system for capturing carbon dioxide from a shifted syngas is disclosed. The system may generally include a solid sorbent configured to absorb carbon dioxide at a first temperature and release carbon dioxide at a second temperature. In addition, the system may include an absorption chamber configured to receive the shifted syngas at the first temperature and a regeneration chamber separate from the absorption chamber. The regeneration chamber may be maintained at the second temperature. The solid sorbent may be cycled between the absorption chamber and the regeneration chamber such that carbon dioxide from the shifted syngas is absorbed within the absorption chamber to produce a decarbonized fuel gas and released within the regeneration chamber to produce a carbon dioxide stream.

Abstract: The invention provides gas purification systems for the recovery and liquefaction of low boiling point organic and inorganic gases, such as methane, propane, CO2, NH3, and chlorofluorocarbons. Many such gases are in the effluent gas of industrial processes and the invention can increase the sustainability and economics of such industrial processes. In a preferred system of the invention, low boiling point gases are adsorbed with a heated activated carbon fiber material maintained at an adsorption temperature during an adsorption cycle. During a low boiling point desorption cycle the activated carbon fiber is heated to a desorption temperature to create a desorption gas stream with concentrated low boiling point gases. The desorption gas stream is actively compressed and/or cooled to condense and liquefy the low boiling point gases, which can then be collected, stored, re-used, sold, etc.

Abstract: A nitrous oxide room temperature purification method, apparatus and system utilizing at least partially oxidized nickel. In an embodiment, a room temperature regenerable N2O purifier includes a vessel having an inlet and outlet, an active portion being at least partially filled with a purification material comprising nickel oxide and optional elemental nickel, wherein the weight ratio between the nickel oxide and the optional elemental nickel is equal or higher than 3 and the surface area of the nickel oxide and the optional elemental nickel is equal or higher than 50 m2/g.

Abstract: Pressure swing adsorption (PSA) assemblies and hydrogen-producing fuel processing assemblies and/or fuel cell systems including the same. The PSA assemblies include, or are utilized with, combustion fuel stream supply systems that are adapted to regulate the flow of a byproduct stream from the PSA assembly for delivery to a heating assembly for use as a combustible fuel stream, such as to maintain at least a hydrogen-producing region of the fuel processing system at a hydrogen-producing temperature or range of temperatures. In some embodiments, the combustion fuel stream supply system is configured to ensure that the supply of combustible fuel from the PSA assembly to the heating assembly contains at least a sufficient fuel value, such as to maintain at least the hydrogen-producing region at or within a predetermined hydrogen-producing temperature or range of temperatures.

Abstract: A compact configuration for a plurality of swing adsorption beds. The beds are configured within a single vessel such that one or more beds of adsorbent material are position as successive rings about a first, or core, bed of adsorbent material.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment can be a method of minimizing wear of a rotary valve. The method can include regulating a velocity of the rotary valve having a controller for communicating one or more fluids to and from an adsorption zone.

Abstract: An apparatus for separation of gases from ambient air that has at least one separation column with an inlet at a first end and an outlet at a second end, a buffer column having a single inlet at a first end, a vacuum pump, and a valve system that connects the vacuum pump to the outlet at the first end of the separation column, and that connects the outlet at the second end of separation column to the single inlet at the first end of the buffer column.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to contaminant removal from gas streams. In certain embodiments, the present disclosure relates to a process for removing one or more contaminants from a gas stream via contact with a regenerable sorbent at high temperature and pressure, utilizing a unique arrangement of reactors operating in parallel.

Abstract: A system and method of reducing the net carbon dioxide footprint of an industrial process that generates power from the combustion of hydrocarbon fuels in which ambient air is admixed with up to 50% by volume of an effluent gas from the power generator of the industrial process, in order to substantially increase the CO2 concentration in the air prior to treatment. The treatment comprises adsorbing CO2 from the admixed ambient air utilizing a cooled, porous substrate-supported amine adsorbent, wherein the porous substrate initially contacts the mixed ambient air containing condensed water in its pores, which act as an intrinsic coolant with respect to the exothermic heat generated by the adsorption process.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method and system for separating carbon dioxide (CO2) from a CO2 containing gas stream containing water vapor and additional impurities, for example, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and mercury. The CO2 is captured by subjecting the CO2 gas feed stream to a temperature swing adsorption step. The temperature swing adsorption step comprises an adsorption step for producing a substantially dry carbon dioxide-depleted stream, and an adsorbent regeneration step comprising heating the adsorbent bed to produce a substantially water vapor-free carbon dioxide stream. Moisture from the gas stream containing CO2 is optionally removed by pressure swing adsorption, temperature swing adsorption, membrane separation, or absorption prior to CO2 capture.

Abstract: Embodiments are described that generally relate to the storage and release of a gas using piezoelectric materials.

Abstract: Various equipment and methods associated with providing a concentrated product gas are provided. In one embodiment, the equipment includes an input device first and second sieve tanks, a variable restrictor, and a controller. In one embodiment, the method includes: a) selecting a desired output setting for the concentrated product gas from a plurality of output settings, b) separating one or more adsorbable components from a pressurized source gaseous mixture via first and second sieve tanks in alternating and opposing pressurization and purging cycles to form the concentrated product gas, and c) selectively controlling a variable restrictor based at least in part on the desired output setting to selectively provide flow between the first and second sieve tanks such that the flow for at least one output setting is different from the flow for at least one other output setting in relation to corresponding pressurization cycles.

Abstract: [Object(s)] To provide an adsorbent which achieves a low-emission performance while maintaining the adsorption performance for adsorbing an evaporated fuel component, a canister comprising the adsorbent, and a method for reducing evaporated fuel emission. [Means to Solve the Problems] A second adsorbent (e.g., a granule) filled in a second compartment disposed in a downstream side with respect to a first compartment comprises an activated carbon as an adsorption site and a solid diluent as a non-adsorption site. The adsorbent has a difference in n-butane adsorption volume of not less than 35 g/L between a n-butane vapor concentration of 5% by volume and a n-butane vapor concentration of 50% by volume measured at 25° C., a butane working capacity measured in accordance with ASTM D5228 of not less than 8 g/dL, and a butane desorption rate of not less than 45% when a purge air amount measured in accordance with ASTM D5228 is 30 bed volumes of the adsorbent volume.

Abstract: Methods and systems for regenerating a purification bed take advantage of inert gas pressure, such as, for example, supplied by a pipeline. The inert gas (102) is provided at a first pressure and combined with a recycle composition (116) from the vessel (110, 110a) containing the material being regenerated. These streams form a regeneration fluid composition (114) at a second pressure less than the inert gas pressure, which is then routed to the vessel to regenerate the purification bed. A jet compressor (108) may be used for the combining of the inert gas and recycle streams. The recycled composition allows reduction in inert gas usage, while a portion is flared or otherwise disposed of.

Abstract: A modular and compact adsorbent bed structure is disclosed for use in an adsorption-based gas separation plant. The conventional adsorbent bed in a gas separation plant is replaced with a plurality of modular adsorbent bed units connected to make the adsorbent bed structure. The modular design requires lower fabrication and maintenance costs; is easier to transport; and is easier to load with adsorbent material.

Abstract: A two-stage complete recycle pressure-swing adsorption process for gas separation features that separating more adsorptable component and less adsorptable component from gas mixture, and the product is more adsorptable component or less adsorptable component or both of them. Serially-connected operation of two-stage pressure-swing adsorber is employed. The gas mixture is fed into the first stage pressure-swing adsorption gas separation system, and the more adsorptable component of the gas mixture is absorbed, then is abstracted into product. The semifinished gas mixture from the outlet of the first stage pressure-swing adsorption tower is fed into the second stage pressure-swing adsorption gas separation system. The more adsorptable component of the semifinished gas mixture is absorbed further, and the less adsorptable component is fed into next stage.

Abstract: The removal of one or more of the gases CO2, N2 and H2S from gas mixtures containing at least one of said gases with use of an 8-ring zeolite having a Si:Al ratio from about 1:1 to about 1000:1. The preferred gas mixture is a natural gas feedstream and the preferred 8-ring zeolite is DDR.

Abstract: Certain aspects and examples are directed to sorbent devices and methods of using them. In certain embodiments, a sorbent device comprising a body comprising a sampling inlet, a sampling outlet and a cavity between the inlet and the outlet, the cavity comprising a serial arrangement of at least four different sorbent materials is described. In some embodiments, the sorbent materials are arranged from a material with a weakest sorbent strength to a material with a strongest sorbent strength with the weakest sorbent strength material adjacent to the sampling inlet.

Abstract: The present system is an adsorption system for separating air into a concentrated gas component, which has an air supply, a compressor for receiving and compressing the air supply, providing a compressed air supply, and molecular sieve material for separating the compressed air supply into a concentrated gas component. The adsorption system delivers at least 5 liters per minute (LPM) of concentrated gas component from the molecular sieve material in which the system has a specific total weight per LPM <9 lbs/LPM. Additionally, an output quantity of the concentrated gas is delivered by the adsorption system and a purging quantity of the concentrated gas is dispensed into a sieve chamber of the adsorption system undergoing a purge cycle. The purging quantity has a value equal to or less than the difference between the maximum quantity and the output quantity, and the purging quantity is controlled based on the output quantity.