Abstract: A tubular separation unit insertable into a caisson or tube for separating liquid from an upward flowing liquid/gas multi-phase stream, and including a centrifugal flow-induced liquid separator having a multi-phase gas/liquid inlet, a liquid outlet, and a gas stream outlet; a liquid transfer conduit connected to the liquid outlet of the flow separator; and a pump for pumping liquid, disposed below the separator and including a pump liquid inlet connected to the liquid transfer conduit and through which liquid separated in the separator is received, and a pumped liquid outlet through which separated liquid is, in use, caused to flow selectively.

Abstract: The compound/curvilinear immiscible liquid separator has a separator section with an outer, elongated, cylindrical shell aligned vertically opening into an upper transition section and vapor dome at the top and a lower transition section and solid/heavy crude containment section at the bottom. A center column is disposed in the axial center of the separator section and a plurality of serially connected curved plates are disposed between the outer shell and center column to define an elongated curvilinear flow path having reverse flow pathways. An oil-water-gas mixture is introduced into the separator section under pressure past heating coils and through the curvilinear path, the lighter density oil entering and being removed from the top of the center column, and heavier sludge and brine collecting in the containment section. Gases bubble up through the center column and are removed from the vapor dome.

Abstract: The present invention refers to three or two phase separators provided with an inlet centrifugal device (40, 70) for the preliminary separation of the gas phase from the fluid mixture; the centrifugal separation device includes a first stage (40′, 70′) having a circular section delimited by a wall (42, 63) and by the external surface of the second stage plate and a second stage (40″, 70″), internal and coaxial to the first stage, realized by a plate rolled as an ‘Archimedean’ spiral around the vertical axis common to the two stages of the centrifugal separation device, in order to operate the separation of the gas phase from the liquids, obliging the flowing fluid to follow a circular path that brings the liquid and its droplets to adhere to the wall surface (42, 63) and to the internal surface of the spiral (47), obtaining their separation from the mixture.

Abstract: Gas/liquid separating devices include a separator (1) for separating a mixed gas/liquid flow (M). A liquid drain (2) communicates with the separator and defines a liquid storage chamber (30). The liquid drain serves to temporarily store a liquid separated from the mixed flow within the liquid storage chamber, so that a space that is not occupied by the liquid is ensured within the liquid storage chamber. An adjusting mechanism (52, 152) may serve to adjust the pressure within the space of the liquid storage chamber.

Abstract: Separation and extraction of gas from a liquid, utilizing centrifugal forces. The area of the lateral spacing between an inner circular centrifugal surface and the outer wall of an internal extractor diminishes toward an outlet. The wall of the extractor is pierced by slots whose walls calm the inward flow of gas into the interior of the extractor.

Abstract: An apparatus for separation of the fluid flow flowing through a pipeline into a light fraction and a heavier fraction has a tubular casing (2) arranged to constitute a section of the pipeline proper, a spin element (5) for rotation of the fluid flow at the upstream end of the casing (2), and a discharge element (12) downstream of the spin element (5) having opening (13) for discharge of the light fraction and possibly entrained heavier fraction. The apparatus also has a control separator (25) connected to the discharged element (12) and arranged to separate entrained heavier fraction from the light fraction, and a control system including a level transmitter (42) indicating the level of separate heavier fraction in the separator, and a level control unit (43) connected to the level transmitter (42) and to a drain valve (40, 41) in a separator outlet (28) for the light fraction.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for the physicochemical treatment of fluid media. The aim of the method is to modify the surface tension and the viscosity of the fluid, to mechanically reduce and eliminate organic and/or inorganic substances, micro-organisms, such as for example microbes, bacteria, fungi or algae and to chemically oxidise or reduce substances and material compounds entrained by the fluids. According to said method, energy is supplied to the fluid that is to be treated as follows: at least two volumetric flows of the fluid are guided at high speed, so that their surfaces intermingle or collide with one another in the form of a translational and/or rotational motion at a different speed, if the flows originate from the same direction, or at a selectable speed, or optionally an identical speed, if the flows originate from opposite directions.

Abstract: A gas separator has a separator member that rotates with a shaft for separation of fluid components. A flow divider directs more dense fluid to the pump and less dense fluid into an annulus surrounding the pump. An impeller is located within the flow divider for urging fluid out of a downstream gas exit port. A single large gas exit port is used and may be combined with use of a single large fluid inlet. An auger may be located within the rotary separator member. Holes may be located in the sidewall of the rotary member or chamber. The holes are preferably located in a helical pattern above and adjacent the flights of the auger or are in vertical columns adjacent the baffles. The chamber may have a cylindrical or tapered profile. Alternatively, a series of sub-chambers may be used, each having a smaller radius than the preceding, upstream sub-chambers.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for deaerating liquid crystal contained in at least one liquid crystal container. The apparatus includes a chamber, a holder, a displacement mechanism, a vacuum system and a gas supply. The chamber has an opening to provide access to an interior of the chamber and a cover to seal the opening. The holder is disposed in the chamber to hold the liquid crystal container having the liquid crystal while the displacement mechanism displaces the at least one container. Here, the vacuum system creates a vacuum state in the chamber during deaeration, and the gas supply restores the chamber to atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: A system for separating a mixed phase stream into gas and liquid includes an elongated sloped vessel having a vortex tube cluster therein through which the mixed phase process stream is introduced and by which liquid is extracted from the gas, the vessel having a gas outlet adjacent an upper end of the sloped vessel, a liquid outlet adjacent a lower end of the slope vessel and a weir within the vessel establishing a liquid level above which gas accumulates, the cross-sectional area within the vessel above the liquid level increasing in the direction towards the gas outlet, and the cross-sectional area within the vessel below the liquid level increasing in the direction towards the liquid (oil and water) outlets.

Abstract: A system (SPARC) for producing a mixed gas-oil stream wherein gas is to be separated and compressed downhole in a turbine-driven compressor before the gas is injected into a subterranean formation. A turbine bypass valve allows all of the stream to bypass the turbine during start-up until surging in the production stream has subsided. The valve then opens to allow a portion of the stream to pass through the turbine. Also, a compressor recycle valve recycles the compressor output until the surging in the stream has subsided while a check valve prevents back flow into the outlet of the compressor.

Abstract: A cyclone type bubble removing device 30 is arranged in a hydraulic tank 1. Therefore, it is no longer necessary to secure a space for installing a bubble removing device 30 outside the tank 1 and hence the space dedicated to the hydraulic system can be reduced. Since the bubble removing device 30 is fitted to the inside of the hydraulic tank 1 in advance, it does not need to be installed separately somewhere in the hydraulic circuit so that the installing operation can be performed quickly. Additionally, the outflow ports 322 for causing hydraulic fluid from which bubbles have been removed to flow out and the exhaust port 333 for expelling bubbles are arranged separately so that it is possible to expose the exhaust port 333 to the drain space 127. Thus, if the hydraulic tank 1 is rocked to a large extent, the hydraulic fluid coming out of the outflow ports is not mixed with bubbles and hence bubbles can be eliminated reliably.

Abstract: The present invention refers to three or two phase separators provided with an inlet centrifugal device (40, 70) for the preliminary separation of the gas phase from the fluid mixture; the centrifugal separation device includes a first stage (40′, 70′) having a circular section delimited by a wall (42, 63) and by the external surface of the second stage plate and a second stage (40″, 70″), internal and coaxial to the first stage, realized by a plate rolled as an ‘Archimedean’ spiral around the vertical axis common to the two stages of the centrifugal separation device, in order to operate the separation of the gas phase from the liquids, obliging the flowing fluid to follow a circular path that brings the liquid and its droplets to adhere to the wall surface (42, 63) and to the internal surface of the spiral (47), obtaining their separation from the mixture.

Abstract: A system for producing a mixed gas-oil stream which contains solid particulates wherein gas is to be separated and compressed downhole in a turbine-driven compressor before the gas is injected into a subterranean formation. The stream is passed through an upstream separator to separate out the particulates which pass through a first and second set of slots into first and second passages, both of which empty into a bypass through the turbine whereby the separated particulates do not contact the rotary vanes of the turbine thereby alleviating the erosive effects of the solids in the produced stream.

Abstract: A rotary phase separator includes an accumulator and a liquid outlet valve to separate the phases of a liquid/gas mixture. The separator includes a housing defining a radial accumulator chamber and supporting a shaft, and a motor to drive the shaft for rotation about a longitudinal axis. A plurality of disks and cylinders are attached to the shaft to create frictional contact with the mixture to drive the liquid outward against an inner wall of the separator, thereby displacing the gas to a central region about the shaft. A liquid outlet on the inner wall includes a valve seal held closed by a control springs until a predetermined differential pressure is reached. The gas exits through an opening in the hollow shaft to a gas outlet tube. A valve member actuated by a solenoid seals the gas outlet tube until sufficient gas has accumulated to allow separation.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for dissolving a gas into a fluid which may contain at least one dissolved gas. The apparatus includes an inlet through which fluid enters the apparatus. The fluid is then housed in a chamber. The apparatus also includes a feed for the introduction of the gas into the fluid housed in the chamber. The chamber has a first portion having a diverging interior surface and a second portion having a cylindrical surface, which configuration enhances gas absorption. Further, the apparatus includes an acceleration plate which accelerates the flow of fluids and gas bubbles in the chamber. In addition, the apparatus includes a helix-shaped bubble harvestor which removes fugitive (undissolved) gas bubbles from the fluid flow and returns them to the chamber above the harvester to increase the probability that those bubbles will be dissolved in the fluid. Fluid having gas dissolved therein exits the chamber through an aperture through the bottom surface of the chamber into an outlet.

Abstract: An apparatus for degassing a liquid or pasty medium in a machine for producing and/or upgrading a fiber material web includes a vessel rotatable about an axis of rotation, a medium-supply device for introducing the medium to be degassed into the vessel, a medium-discharge device for discharging a low-gas fraction of the medium out of the vessel and a gas-discharge device for discharging a gas-rich fraction of the medium out of the vessel. The gas-discharge device has an immersion-tube arrangement with at least one immersion tube, the inlet orifice of each being arranged so as to be at least adjacent to the axis of rotation of the vessel.

Abstract: A separator inlet includes a spiral channel in a channel housing and having an open top. Fluid flows in tangentially and out of a central outlet of the channel housing, or in a reverse direction.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for dissolving a gas into a fluid which may contain at least one dissolved gas. The apparatus comprises a conventional U-tube oxygenator which includes a U-tube member having an inlet for the introduction of the fluid and the gas to be dissolved into the fluid, and an outlet. The fluid is housed in the U-tube member. The apparatus further comprises a helix-shaped bubble harvestor located proximate the bottom of the inlet side of the U-tube member. The helix-shaped bubble harvestor removes fugitive (undissolved) gas bubbles from the fluid flow and returns them to the bubble swarm located above the helix-shaped bubble harvester. The resulting fluid, which contains a high concentration of dissolved gas, exits the outlet of the U-tube member.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for separating gas and solids from well fluids in a borehole including a gas-solids separator (34) having an outer tubular member (44) and an inner flow tube (46). A gas spiral housing (62) has a gas spiral (66) at its lower end positioned beneath a plurality of perforations (60) in tubular member (44). A solid spiral (70) is positioned below upper gas spiral (66) and a swirl chamber (71) is provided between gas spiral (66) and solids spiral (70). Gas separated by gas spiral (66) flows upwardly in inner gas annulus (72) to gas reservoir (74) for discharge by ball check valve (76). The solids are separated by solids spiral (70) and the clean liquid after the gas and solids have been separated flows upwardly in flow tube (46) and pipe string (14) from lower swirl chamber (80). An embodiment shown in FIG. 5 provides a shroud (27A) about a downhole motor (20A) to effect cooling of motor (20A).

Abstract: A process for the recovery of energy from a pressurised well stream containing a gas/liquid mixture, the process comprising: treating the well stream to a pre-separation process to separate it into gaseous and liquid phases, selecting appropriate proportions of said separated gaseous and liquid phases, recombining said selected proportions, and supplying the recombined mixture to the inlet of a rotary separation turbine, wherein said components are separated and energy is recovered from the flow by rotation of the turbine, said proportions of said gaseous and liquid phases being selected to produce an optimum mixture for supply to the rotary separation turbine.

Abstract: A centrifugal vapor/liquid separator separates the vapor and liquid in a flash of hydrocarbon and steam mixture, such that only the vapor stream is fed and processed further downstream. The design of the separator ensures that all partially wetted surfaces in the separator, except at the vapor outlet pipe, are well-wetted and washed by the non-vaporized liquid portion of the feed or by injection of external liquid thus ensuring that no coke deposition occurs inside the separator. The flash temperature in the separator therefore can be increased beyond the typical limit thus achieving a deeper cut into the feed and recovering a larger fraction of the feed as vapor for further downstream processing.

Abstract: A centrifugal separator of vertical axis for the separation of a flowable medium, in particular a dental liquid/solids mixture, from conveying suction air has a motor-driven removal element (10) which is arranged in a flow chamber with a rotationally symmetrical peripheral wall (4) and a bottom limit. A top, central outlet (9) for the suction air and a bottom, peripheral outlet (8) for the flowable medium are flow-connected to an inlet (5) for the mixture to be separated, which opens out between these outlets, the peripheral outlet (8) being surrounded by an annular non-return valve (7). Vanes (16) are provided on the removal element (10) between the mixture inlet (5) and the peripheral outlet (8). The mixture inlet (5) is formed between the bottom edge of the peripheral wall (4) and a holding ring (22) for the non-return valve (7).

Abstract: A method and apparatus for separating a wellhead fluid mixture containing oil and gas phases obtained from hydrocarbon production systems into its constituent parts employs a pressure vessel having an inlet for entry of the wellhead fluids mixture and an outlet for exit of a separated gas referred to as export gas. A primary centrifugal separator is provided in the pressure vessel for centrifugally separating a first portion of the oil from the wellhead fluids mixture to produce a wet gas containing some remaining oil. A second centrifugal separator is also provided in the vessel and performs a second centrifugal separation operation on the wet gas to remove substantially all of the remaining oil from the wet gas to produce the export gas which is conveyed out of the pressure vessel. The oil and remaining oil separated from the wellhead fluids mixture is conveyed from the pressure vessel via another outlet.

Abstract: A cyclonic separator is provided for separating a mixture containing three phases of mater into the constituent phases. The separator contains three concentric cylindrical chambers in fluid connection with each other. These three chambers are an upper chamber, a lower chamber, and an outlet chamber. Tangential fluid inlets and outlets are provided to minimize pressure loss across the separator. A radially disposed annular debris collector is located at the junction of the upper and lower chambers, and a gas support platform for directing gas out of the separator is disposed in the outlet chamber a sufficient distance from the debris collector so as to prevent turbulence adjacent the debris collector.

Abstract: An arrangement in a circulation lubrication system includes a lubricating oil tank, pressure pipe lines for supplying oil to parts that are to be lubricated, return pipe lines for returning the oil from the parts that are to be lubricated to the oil tank, and a mechanism for pumping oil into the pressure pipe lines and maintaining a desired state of lubrication. The lubricating oil tank has a rotationally symmetric structure; and a return duct, positioned at the center axis of the rotationally symmetric structure, is configured to extend below the surface of the oil in the lubricating oil tank. A return flow through the return duct passes through a dividing element to a mechanism configured to separate impurities from the oil.

Abstract: An apparatus for dissolving a gas into a fluid which may contain at least one dissolved gas. The apparatus includes a first vertically oriented tube defining a first inner space and a second vertically oriented tube of diameter larger than the first tube and concentrically oriented about the first tube. The space between the first and second tubes is referred to as the second inner space. The gas is introduced through an inlet into the second inner space. The apparatus includes an acceleration device for accelerating the flow of fluid through the second inner space. The apparatus includes a helix-shaped bubble harvester which removes fugitive (undissolved) bubbles from the fluid flow and returns them to the second inner space to increase the probability that those bubbles will be dissolved into the fluid.

Abstract: An alternating compression-pumping system includes at least one alternating compression-pumping section, suited to impart a pressure value to an essentially liquid fluid or to an essentially gaseous fluid, at least one pumping section suited for an essentially fluid, at least one device for separating the various phases of the fluid, provided with a level detector allowing to detect the gas-liquid interface level, valves allowing to control the flow rate of the liquid or gas phases, and a control system allowing to vary the state of the valves so as to shift the compression section from an operating mode suited for gas to an operating mode suited for liquid and vice versa.

Abstract: An arterial blood filter device for removing foreign particles and undissolved gases from blood flowing through the device, having a cylindrical housing enclosing a cylindrical filter element between a hollow upper cap forming an inlet chamber and a flat lower cap forming an outlet chamber. The upper cap has a vertical gas outlet and has a horizontal tubular inlet with the outermost wall of the tubular inlet extending tangentially from the outermost wall of the base of the upper cap. A principle feature of the invention is a stepped dome having a circular base with a diameter closely matched to the outer diameter of the filter element and attached to the upper end thereof. The stepped dome includes hemispherically shaped upper surface extending into the inlet chamber and having a maximum diameter smaller than the diameter of the circular base.

Abstract: A mixing device in the form of a centrifugal pump is used to mix gas (typically air) with liquid (typically effluent water, dispersion water, or waste paper pulp suspension, etc.). The pump is provided with a common inlet conduit for both the liquid and the gas so that liquid and gas flow freely and in an arbitrary ratio into the pump, that is there is no controlling or adjusting of the flows. The gas is allowed to either dissolve in the liquid or be mixed as small bubbles with the liquid, and any surplus gas is separated from the mixing device (e.g. by holes in the pump impeller leading to a rear portion of the pump which is attached to a vacuum source, such as a liquid ring pump). The liquid and gas dissolved therein, and small bubbles mixed therein, are discharged from the mixing device at a pressure that is raised from the inlet pressure, due to the action of the impeller, which pressure development enhances the dissolution of gas in the liquid.

Abstract: The present invention provides a submersible pumping system which includes a tapered flow gas separation system. The tapered flow gas separation system of the present invention includes at least a first and second gas separator. The first separator is configured to receive and process a first flow rate of production liquid. The first separator is adapted to draw production liquid from a production casing and to separate a first portion of gas from the production liquid. The second separator is configured to receive and process a second flow rate of production liquid which is less than the first flow rate received by the first separator. The second separator is adapted to receive the production liquid from the first separator and to separate a second portion of gas from the production liquid.

Abstract: A paper-making machine includes a wet end associated with a wet fiber web, a headbox having an outlet gap, and a forming fabric positioned adjacent to the outlet gap and moving in a direction of web travel. An air/water separator is positioned in association with the forming fabric and downstream from the headbox relative to the direction of web travel. The air/water separator is configured for receiving liquid from the fiber web. A blower having a housing and an impeller is fluidly connected with the air/water separator. The impeller is rotatably carried by and within the housing and has a rotating hub with a periphery. The impeller also has a plurality of vanes attached to and extending from the hub and substantially equally spaced around the periphery. The vanes are formed of a non-metallic, composite material and have a coating of a layer of hydrophobic material substantially covering the composite material.

Abstract: An air separator for liquid containing gas bubbles having an essentially cylinder-shaped chamber through which liquid, such as blood, flows essentially in helical flow paths, with the result that air bubbles are driven in a radial direction relative to the longitudinal axis of the chamber because of pressure differences produced by centrifugal forces. The inlet and outlet of the chamber of the air separator are coaxial relative to each other in the longitudinal axis of the chamber. The air separator also includes a flow-deflection component or influx distributor, which includes a rotation-symmetrical base body element whose outer surface faces inflowing liquid as a first deflection surface, which is geometrically defined by rotation of a curve section about the longitudinal axis of the chamber.

Abstract: A gas treatment system for liquids can increase gas exposure and contact time. A liquid stream is directed into a vortex chamber (130). The vortex chamber (130) creates a downward spiral flow of the liquid stream forcing it into an upper end inlet (145) of a contact tank (114) and downward in the contact tank (114). When the liquid stream reaches a lower region (170) of the contact tank (114), a portion is drawn into a draw tube (120) while the other portion is drawn into a re-circulation system (160). In the re-circulation system (160), a gas injector system (166) entrains bubbles of a treatment gas into the liquid stream creating a re-circulated stream that is displaced into an upper region (168) in the contact tank (114). The portion drawn into the draw tube (120) then moves upwardly to a degassing chamber (146) wherein the treatment gas is separated from the liquid and delivered through an outlet (124) for use.

Abstract: A liquid/gas helical separator operates on a combination of centrifugal and gravitational forces. The separator includes a primary separator formed basically by an expansion chamber, a secondary separator formed basically by a helix for directing the flow, a tertiary separator which consists of a reservoir or gravitational-separation tank and of a transition region between the primary and secondary separators, which consists of at least two variable-pitch helixes whose inclination varies from an angle of 90.degree. to the angle of inclination of the constant-pitch helix of the secondary separator with the function of providing a gentler flow of the liquid phase at the transition between the first two separators.

Abstract: A hydrocyclone for separating a combined phase input stream has two nesting truncated, downwardly tapering conical members having an annular space therebetween. A tangential inlet leads to the annular space between the conical members. Alternate embodiments applicable to a hydrocyclone device composed of nesting cylindrical or conical shells forming an annular cyclonic space have passages located on either of the shells to effect an intermediate draw off of a fraction of the flow stream. In addition, a coiled, hollow tube is advantageously situated within the annular space to optimize the flow pattern. Ports may be provided in the hollow tube for removing a gas fraction in counterflow orientation.

Abstract: Apparatus for creating gas-liquid interfacial contact conditions for highly efficient mass transfer between gas and liquid includes a gas-liquid contactor assembly including a hollow porous tube surrounded by an outer jacket defining a gas plenum between the jacket and the porous tube; a liquid feed assembly including a nozzle for injecting liquid into the porous tube in a spiraling flow pattern around and along the porous tube; a gas-liquid separator assembly at the first end of the porous tube including a nonporous degassing tube coaxially aligned with and connected to the porous tube, a gas outlet port coaxially aligned with the degassing tube to receive a first portion of gas flowing from the degassing tube, a first gas duct coaxially aligned with and connected to the gas outlet duct to convey the first portion of gas therefrom; and a liquid collection assembly. A second gas discharge assembly to collect and convey gas from the first end of the porous tube is also disclosed.

Abstract: A gas/oil separation system for monitoring the performance of a compact, gas/oil separator apparatus which utilizes at least one pair of centrifugal force primary and secondary separators for separating a wellhead fluid containing crude oil, produced water, and hydrocarbon gas from a hydrocarbon production system into its gas and liquid parts employs relatively simple differential pressure instrumentation for producing real-time signals representative of the compact, gas/oil separator apparatus' liquid carryover performance.

Abstract: A deaerating apparatus for removing a gas from a liquid, including a liquid container rotatable and storing the liquid from which the gas is to be removed, a rotating device for rotating the liquid container, a sucking device for absorbing the gas from the liquid container; a feed-out device for feeding out the liquid stored in the liquid container, a liquid introducing pipe for introducing the liquid into the liquid container, a gas exhausting pipe for exhausting the gas from the liquid container, a liquid feed-out pipe for feeding out the liquid from the liquid container, and a head member which is removably placed on the liquid container, with the head member in contact with the liquid container. With the head member separated a predetermined interval from the liquid container, the liquid container is rotated to collect the gas contained in the liquid to the center of the liquid container. Then, the gas in the liquid container is absorbed, with the liquid container semi-closed.

Abstract: A separator/injector having an outlet pressure higher than an inlet pressure thereof is introduced instead of the dynamic equipment for a reactor recirculation system that is necessary in the prior art, to achieve both liquid-vapor separation and forced circulation. A jet pump and a recirculation flow-rate control valve are provided in a lower portion of a downcomer portion of a reactor pressure vessel. A shroud head has a double-walled structure, a two-phase liquid-vapor flow that is flowing from a lower portion of the lower shroud head is accelerated by an accelerator nozzle of the separator/injector, and a liquid component of the thus-separated flow is increased in pressure and guided into a jet pump through a space formed between the double shroud heads.

Abstract: The efficiency of progressing cavity pumps is drastically reduced if the liquid being pumped contains large volumes of gas. To alleviate this problem a gas separator is provided which can be attached to the suction of a downhole pump to remove gas from the liquid being pumped prior to the liquid entering the pump inlet. The separator has an elongate housing having an annular chamber with guides which direct the liquid gas mixture to flow in an annular path from the inlet to the outlet end. During this flow centrifugal forces act to displace the gas content to the central region from which it is removed via a separate central gas outlet so that liquid delivered to the pump inlet is greatly reduced in its gas content.

Abstract: A gas treatment system for liquids can increase gas exposure and contact time. A liquid stream into which treatment gas is added is directed into a vortex chamber (130). The vortex chamber (130) creates a downward spiral flow of the liquid stream forcing it into an upper end inlet (145) of a contact tank (114). The liquid stream with entrained gas bubbles is forced to move downwardly through the tank to a lower end outlet (122). The flow then moves upwardly to a degassing chamber (146) wherein the treatment gas is separated from the liquid and delivered through an outlet (124) for use. Because the entrained bubbles are forced downwardly through the contact tank (114), the gas bubbles remain quite small and contact time is prolonged. Release of the treatment gas is further facilitated by positioning the degassing chamber (146) at an elevated position which promotes gas bubble expansion, combination and release.

Abstract: A continuous emission monitoring system is disclosed for detecting toxic substances of various types in either stack gas or ambient air. Particular systems are illustrated for monitoring lewisite and chromium(VI). Each system employs a gas sampler that utilizes a high-volume, wet cyclone concentrator unit which scrubs the contaminants from the gas into water or another suitable scrubbing solution. In-line chemical processing of the contaminated sample thus obtained is accomplished either within the sampling unit or by an external chemistry processing module. After processing to provide an analyte in the sample indicative of the presence of a predetermined contaminant, the sample stream is delivered to an ion chromatograph or other analyzer to determine the presence and quantity of the analyte and indicate whether a danger level has been reached. This provides monitoring on an essentially real-time or near real-time basis.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for pumping a fluid mixture of a gas and a liquid and for separating said gas and liquid from each other, said apparatus having a fluid inlet (14) at one end (18) and at the opposite end (22) a pump housing (16) with a liquid outlet (28) and, between said inlet (14) and said pump housing (16), a hollow elongated gas separation part (30) of an essentially circular cross section with a generally central outlet (26) for separated gas. Said gas separation part (30) is provided by a hollow rotor (12) between said inlet (14) and said pump housing (16), the inner wall of said rotor (12) providing a large rotatable gas separation surface (32). The diameter of said rotor (12) increases at said opposite end (22) of the apparatus to form a larger diameter pumping zone (17) extending into said pump housing (16). Said rotor (12) is provided with a blade wheel (24) extending into said pump housing (16).

Abstract: The separator includes a vertical cylindrical pressure vessel having elliptical top and bottom heads. A mechanical device, referred to as a vortex tube cluster of vertical tubes, is mounted in the upper section of the vessel chamber, spaced above the bottom head to define a lower chamber section for fluid and solids separation. Pressurized drilling fluid returns are directed tangentially into the vortex tubes and a subsequent centrifugal action is generated. Contained gas separates and forms a gas vortex which exits upwardly from the vortex tubes and vessel top. The liquids and solids discharge into the vessel lower chamber section where solids settle by gravity to the bottom. The solids are withdrawn from the base of the vessel by a slurry pump. The oil and water components of the fluid layer also separate by gravity and are individually removed from the vessel.

Abstract: Oil separator rotor located in an enclosure provided with an oil reinjection system for lubricating a bearing. The oil separator rotor, which dries the excess air passing out of the enclosure, acts by aiding the deposition of suspended oil on the walls of a lining or packing of the rotor. The lining is a honeycomb material cartridge offering easy separation without excessive pressure losses. The rotor is assembled by bolts, which interconnect the end plates traversing the lining.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for solution of a quantity of gas in a flowing quantity of liquid, in particular for solution of CO2 gas in beer, a flow of liquid and a flow of gas being combined and the gas in the liquid being dispersed, mixed with, and a part of it being mixed in the liquid. The object of the invention is to increase the amount of gas actually soluble in a liquid under certain conditions in comparison to prior art processes. In addition, the device for application of the process is to be simple in structure, cleanable in continuous flow (CIP-compatible), and its adaptation to specific practical requirements and its control are to be as simple as possible. From the process engineering viewpoint this is accomplished by guiding the gas/liquid mixture into curved paths, as a result of which separation into a bubblefree liquid flow (L1*) and a gas/liquid flow (G*/L2) to be recirculated.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for separating gas from solids-containing liquid. The apparatus in accordance with the invention may be applied in such places where air is separated from a medium by means of reduced pressure or vacuum condition. The apparatus in accordance with the present invention is especially applicable for the pulp and paper industry in situations where gas has been separated from the fiber suspension, but where the gas contains some fibers or other solids, which must be separated from the gas flow prior to the vacuum pump generating suction. The method in accordance with the present invention is characterized in that the fraction containing gas, liquid and solid material is passed from the pulp treatment apparatus to a separate separating apparatus, solids are separated from that fraction, which are then discharged from the separation apparatus.

Abstract: A spiral or auger type gas-liquid separator, particularly for well production fluid flow, includes a vertically oriented conduit section having a spiral separator element disposed therein and around a central gas discharge conduit. The inlet to the gas discharge conduit is disposed adjacent the discharge end of the separator element and includes a liquid carryover control mechanism comprising a closure member which is operable to shut off fluid flow into the gas discharge conduit when high liquid flow rates or liquid slug flow passes through the separator. The shutoff closure member is connected to a float actuator responsive to liquid accumulation to actuate the closure member to move to a closed position. A coil spring biases the closure member toward a valve open condition.

Abstract: An improved wet scrubber for removing airborne particulates and absorbing water-soluble gases from an airstream includes an outer shell and a continuous spiral flight within the outer shell. A first bank of scrubber nozzles spray water and/or chemical through the airstream as it enters the scrubber through an air intake. The airstream increases in velocity as it moves through the tapered helix formed by the continuous spiral flight. A second bank of scrubber nozzles mounted on a sidewall of the outer shell sprays water and/or chemical through the airstream as it moves up the spiral flight. An inner shell provides a downward path for the airstream after it has ascended the spiral flight and traversed an abrupt direction change in which water/chemical precipitates from the airstream. The inner shell extends downward into a reservoir, forming a seal with precipitated water that has collected there.