Abstract: Exemplary semiconductor processing systems include a processing chamber defining a processing region. The semiconductor processing systems may include a foreline coupled with the processing chamber. The foreline may define a fluid conduit. The semiconductor processing systems may include a foreline trap coupled with a distal end of the foreline. The semiconductor processing systems may include a removable insert provided within an interior of the foreline trap. The semiconductor processing systems may include a throttle valve coupled with the foreline trap downstream of the removable insert.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device and method for treating a hot gas flow containing slag and to an entrained-bed gasifier system that comprises the device. The device comprises, in a housing, an inlet arranged at the top for the hot gas flow, an immersion pipe, which is arranged vertically and concentrically in the housing and into which the inlet opens, a coolant bath, into which a lower section of the immersion pipe is immersed, and at least one raw gas outlet opening for cooled raw gas that has been freed of slag. The lower section of the immersion pipe is designed as a radially expanded gas distributor bell in the coolant bath. Said gas distributor bell is formed by a substantially conical jacket surface having a cross-section that expands downward, wherein the jacket surface has a plurality of gas passage openings, which are distributed over the circumference of the gas distributor bell. The dimensions of the gas passage openings increase with the immersion depth in the coolant bath.

Abstract: A device for at least one self-heated and dense ceramic tube for gas separation. The device includes at least one dense ceramic tube in an environment accessible to a mixture of gases, the at least one tube acting as a diffusion membrane for separating at least one gas from the mixture of gases. Two electrical contacts are provided which allow connecting a power supply to the ceramic tube and driving an electric current through the ceramic tube. The contacts can be in the farm of short coils wrapped around the ceramic tube at difference places. When a voltage is applied to the contacts, an electrical current flows from one contact to the other through the ceramic tube. The current in the ceramic tube heats the tube. Thus, the tubes heat themselves. The hot tube allows separating a gas from the mixture of gases. The driving force for the diffusion is achieved by a pressure difference generated by pumping at the side of the separated gas and pressing at the side of the mixture of gases.

Abstract: A fluid treatment system by force of thermophoresis, including first and second modules between which the fluid to be treated is intended to circulate, the first module configured to be brought to a temperature greater than that of the second module so as to engender a temperature gradient causing a force of thermophoresis capable of projecting the particles to be purified in the direction of the second module. The first module includes a succession of parallel first tubes configured to be traversed by hot fluid, the second module includes a succession of parallel second tubes configured to be traversed by cold fluid, and the first tubes are arranged staggered with the second tubes.

Abstract: An aircraft has a ventilation system that employs a plurality of nozzles positioned in a cavity between a sidewall of the aircraft cabin and a section of the aircraft fuselage. The nozzles receive a supply of ventilation air and direct jets of air from the nozzles, through the cavity and into the aircraft cabin. The jets of air produced by the nozzles create low-pressure areas in the cavity. At least one return air opening in the cabin sidewall communicates the low-pressure areas with the cabin interior, whereby the low pressure areas draw air from the cabin interior into the cavity where the drawn air is entrained with the jets of air produced by the nozzles. Devices inside the cavity remove suspended impurities from the air drawn into the cavity. In this manner, the ventilation system filters or sanitizes the air drawn through the system.

Abstract: A debinder trap for treating binder gas thermal-cracked in sintering process of metal injection molding includes a barrel body defining an inflow hole, a drain hole, an inlet and an outlet, baffles disposed in the barrel body to define a guide channel of which entrance and exit are communicated with the inlet and the outlet, and a temperature controller containing liquid material therein and connected with the barrel body via an inflow pipe and a drain pipe connecting in the inflow hole and the drain hole. An accommodating channel passes through the inside of the barrel body and extends from the inflow hole to the drain hole. The temperature controller conveys the liquid material in the accommodating channel to regulate internal environment of the barrel body into low-temperature to condense the binder gas through the guide channel into solid, and high-temperature to make the solid binder molten to sink.

Abstract: A device in a pipe has an annular partition spaced radially inwardly from an inner face of the pipe and defining therewith an upstream annular space opening axially upstream of the direction into the pipe such that a secondary gas stream is separated from the primary gas stream along with a liquid film on the inner surface, a downstream annular space larger than the upstream annular space, and a droplet separator opening into the downstream annular space. The separator has a plurality of lamellas, a condensate sump, and a drain, so that the edge film intercepted by the partition into the upstream space passes therefrom into the downstream space and therefrom through the separator such that the liquid of the film flows into the sump and out the drain and the secondary gas stream passes out of the separator.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for separating a gas mixture comprising providing a slot in a gas separation channel (conceptualized as a laterally elongated Clusius-Dickel column), having a length through which a net cross-flow of the gas mixture may be established; applying a higher temperature to one side of the channel and a lower temperature on an opposite side of the channel thereby causing thermal-diffusion and buoyant-convection flow to occur in the slot; and establishing a net cross-flow of a gas mixture comprising at least one higher density gas component and at least one lower density gas component along the length of the slot, wherein the cross-flow causes, in combination with the convection flow, a spiraling flow in the slot; and wherein the spiral flow causes an increasing amount of separation of the higher density gas from the lower density gas along the length of the channel. The process may use one or more slots and/or channels.

Abstract: A chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) chamber is disclosed. The CMP chamber includes a chamber body, a door mounted on the chamber body and a chamber substructure being one selected from a group consisting of a moisture separator separating a moisture generated in the CMP chamber, a supplementary exhaust port, a transparent window mounted on the door, a sampling port mounted on the door, a sealing material including a metal frame, an o-ring for sealing the door and a combination thereof.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for separating a gas mixture comprising providing a slot in a gas separation channel (conceptualized as a laterally elongated Clusius-Dickel column), having a length through which a net cross-flow of the gas mixture may be established; applying a higher temperature to one side of the channel and a lower temperature on an opposite side of the channel thereby causing thermal-diffusion and buoyant-convection flow to occur in the slot; and establishing a net cross-flow of a gas mixture comprising at least one higher density gas component and at least one lower density gas component along the length of the slot, wherein the cross-flow causes, in combination with the convection flow, a spiraling flow in the slot; and wherein the spiral flow causes an increasing amount of separation of the higher density gas from the lower density gas along the length of the channel. The process may use one or more slots and/or channels.

Abstract: An apparatus for separating a liquid from a mixed gas stream can include a wall, a mixed gas stream passageway, and a liquid collection assembly. The wall can include a first surface, a second surface, and a plurality of capillary condensation pores. The capillary condensation pores extend through the wall, and have a first opening on the first surface of the wall, and a second opening on the second surface of the wall. The pore size of the pores can be between about 2 nm to about 100 nm. The mixed gas stream passageway can be in fluid communication with the first opening. The liquid collection assembly can collect liquid from the plurality of pores.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device and method for treating a hot gas flow containing slag and to an entrained-bed gasifier system that comprises the device. The device comprises, in a housing, an inlet arranged at the top for the hot gas flow, an immersion pipe, which is arranged vertically and concentrically in the housing and into which the inlet opens, a coolant bath, into which a lower section of the immersion pipe is immersed, and at least one raw gas outlet opening for cooled raw gas that has been freed of slag. The lower section of the immersion pipe is designed as a radially expanded gas distributor bell in the coolant bath. Said gas distributor bell is formed by a substantially conical jacket surface having a cross-section that expands downward, wherein the jacket surface has a plurality of gas passage openings, which are distributed over the circumference of the gas distributor bell. The dimensions of the gas passage openings increase with the immersion depth in the coolant bath.

Abstract: An apparatus for contaminants being deposited thereon in a particle beam device, and also the particle beam device including the apparatus, are provided. This apparatus may be an anticontaminator. The apparatus according to the system described herein may include at least one cooling unit. The cooling unit may provide at least one cooled surface on which contaminants in a particle beam device are deposited. The apparatus according to the system described herein may further include at least one aperture unit. The aperture unit may be arranged at a motion device for moving the aperture unit relative to the cooling unit. Furthermore, the aperture unit may have at least one aperture opening. The cooling unit may be connected to the aperture unit by at least one first flexible thermal conductor.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for separating a gas mixture comprising providing a slot in a gas separation channel (conceptualized as a laterally elongated Clusius-Dickel column), having a length through which a net cross-flow of the gas mixture may be established; applying a higher temperature to one side of the channel and a lower temperature on an opposite side of the channel thereby causing thermal-diffusion and buoyant-convection flow to occur in the slot; and establishing a net cross-flow of a gas mixture comprising at least one higher density gas component and at least one lower density gas component along the length of the slot, wherein the cross-flow causes, in combination with the convection flow, a spiraling flow in the slot; and wherein the spiral flow causes an increasing amount of separation of the higher density gas from the lower density gas along the length of the channel. The process may use one or more slots and/or channels.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a condensation and washing device with which in particular the process vapours which occur during the production of polylactide can be processed and cleaned. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a polymerisation device for the production of polylactide and also to a method for processing process vapours which occur during the production of polylactide; possibilities for use of both the condensation and washing devices and of the method are likewise mentioned.

Abstract: Described is a structural unit composed of a heat exchanger and a liquid separator, in particular for separating droplets from evaporated refrigerant, in particular for refrigeration and air conditioning systems, which structural unit is of compact design. According to the invention, in a pressure vessel (1) in which heat transfer plates (2) are arranged in a lower region and in which an upper region as a space for the separation of droplets from evaporated refrigerant is formed above the heat transfer plates (2) as a result of the arrangement of the heat transfer plates (2) in the lower region, the heat transfer plates are arranged substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the pressure vessel.

Abstract: Systems and methods are contemplated for down-flow cooling of a feed gas. Contemplated systems can include a housing having an inlet conduit disposed within an upper portion and configured to receive a first stream. First and second stages can be disposed within the housing, with the first stage disposed upstream of the second stage and having a first cooling stream, and the second stage having a second cooling stream that is colder than the first cooling stream. The housing can be configured such that the first stream is cooled by down-flow heat exchange with the first and second cooling streams to produce a conditioned stream depleted of at least a portion of water condensed from the feed gas.

Abstract: A pipe for passing or discharging wet gases and a condensate edge film reception and discharge device for the installation in such a pipe are described. The pipe is especially designed as wet chimney. The condensate edge film reception and discharge device is arranged at the opening of the pipe or in the interior of the pipe. It includes a droplet separator which is preferably designed as annular separator. By this, an effective removal of the generated condensate edge film is obtained.

Abstract: Provided is a gas isolation valve which separates reactive materials, principally gases, contained in a high temperature reactor from the surrounding atmosphere. The valve is of modular construction with each module having a gas providing section and a gas removal section. Any number of modules can be provided in series. A central chamber, open at each end gives unimpeded access to the high temperature reactor. It is through the central chamber that the product of the reactor is removed and harvested. In the case of Ilas invention the product is carbon nanotubes.

Abstract: In one example, we discuss the separation of the captured gases as byproducts, for future/other purposes, coming from conventional power generators or factories or from algae biofuel production facility (or any other similar sources). This increases the energy production, saves the environment, conserves the resources, improves the air quality, reduces the global warming, increases water supply, reduces the cost, and improves agriculture and food resources, around the globe. In one example, we discuss the biofuel production, method, and system.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a condensing tube and a filtration module thereof. The condensing tube comprises a hollow body having a central hollow compartment; a porous covering layer having gas permeability but being liquid impermeable; and a condensation chamber, being a space formed between the hollow body and the porous covering layer wherein a plurality of fins are provided radially along the hollow body in the condensation chamber to divide the condensation chamber into a plurality of condensation compartments.

Abstract: The invention relates to a waste gas system for bioreactors having a hydrophobic sterile filter, arranged at the end, and a heat exchanger which protects the sterile filter against blocking by liquid media. The gas outflow duct for discharging waste gas from a bioreactor vessel is divided in a cooling zone of the heat exchanger into a multiplicity of subducts and is extended in a heating zone of the heat exchanger to a calming zone. Due to the multiplicity of subducts, a considerably larger surface area for the removal of heat from the waste gas is available, with the result that in the case of laminar flow of the waste gas through the subducts a high effectiveness of the separation of liquids from the waste gas can be achieved.

Abstract: A wall assembly (30) for separating a first fluid at a highest pressure and lowest temperature outside (86) the wall assembly from a second fluid at a lowest pressure and highest temperature inside (88) the wall assembly. The wall assembly (30) having: a structural cold wall (32) for exposure to the first fluid and partly defining a first cavity (78), and a structural cold wall aperture (42) for creating a first pressure drop (52); a structural middle wall (34) partially defining the first cavity (78) and partially defining a second cavity (84), and a structural middle wall aperture (44) for creating a second pressure drop (54); and a floating wall (38) for exposure to the second fluid and partially defining the second cavity (84), and a floating wall aperture (46) for creating a third pressure drop (56).

Abstract: A fluid treatment system by force of thermophoresis, including first and second modules between which the fluid to be treated is intended to circulate, the first module configured to be brought to a temperature greater than that of the second module so as to engender a temperature gradient causing a force of thermophoresis capable of projecting the particles to be purified in the direction of the second module. The first module includes a succession of parallel first tubes configured to be traversed by hot fluid, the second module includes a succession of parallel second tubes configured to be traversed by cold fluid, and the first tubes are arranged staggered with the second tubes.

Abstract: A system for condensing water from atmospheric air is disclosed. The aforesaid device comprises (a) a structure comprising at least one cooled member connectable to a cooling device, the surface has a temperature lower than a dew point of an ambient atmosphere and adapted to condense water from ambient atmosphere; (b) at least one water collecting channel adapted to collect said water condensed on the cooled member and, (c) a water storage subsystem fluidly connected to at least one water collecting channel; The member is configured in a form of a hollow shell. The cooled member has an outer downward surface.

Abstract: A portable, combination dehydrator, dry return air and condensed water generator/dispenser configured to alternately provide water from a reservoir of condensed water or from an alternative source of water. In one embodiment, the alternative source comprises a five-gallon bottle of water and the mounting for the bottle includes a removable cover for preventing contamination of the system when the bottle is not in place. In one embodiment, the system provides purified dry make-up air to a home or office air conditioning system and dehydration cabinet, while producing pure atmospheric condensation from humidity found in the air and purifying the air and water for breathing, dispensing and drinking purposes.

Abstract: A portable moisture trap for use with a vacuum pump includes: a housing; a cooling chamber positioned at least partially within the housing including a first inlet port and a second outlet port; a lid that sealably attaches to a top portion of the cooling chamber to seal the cooling chamber; a heat sink residing under the cooling chamber; a thermoelectric device having an upper cooling side and a lower heat generating side residing between the cooling chamber and the heat sink; a fan oriented to blow air upwardly toward the heat sink; and a baffle extending downwardly in the cooling chamber from a location proximate the lid to a location proximate an inner bottom surface of the cooling chamber, with the baffle configured to define a physical barrier to urge air received through the first port to flow down toward the inner bottom surface of the cooling chamber before exiting through the second port, to thereby remove moisture from air traveling through the cooling chamber in response to a vacuum pump in fluid

Abstract: A particle trap for a remote plasma source includes a body structure having an inlet for coupling to a chamber of a remote plasma source and an outlet for coupling to a process chamber inlet. The particle trap for a remote plasma source also includes a gas channel formed in the body structure and in fluid communication with the body structure inlet and the body structure outlet. The gas channel can define a path through the body structure that causes particles in a gas passing from a first portion of the channel to strike a wall that defines a second portion of the gas channel at an angle relative to a surface of the wall. A coolant member can be in thermal communication with the gas channel.

Abstract: A method of reducing the concentration of pollutants in a combustion flue gas having a first temperature is provided. The method includes the step of providing an organic Rankine cycle apparatus utilizing a working fluid and including at least one heat exchanger is arranged in thermal communication with the flue gas. The method further includes the step of reducing the temperature of the flue gas to a second temperature less than the first temperature by vaporizing the working fluid within the heat exchanger utilizing thermal energy derived from the flue gas. The method further includes the step of filtering the flue gas through at least one filter disposed downstream of the heat exchanger to remove pollutants from the flue gas. An associated system configured to reduce the concentration of pollutants in the combustion flue gas is also provided.

Abstract: A device for at least one self-heated and dense ceramic tube for gas separation. The device includes at least one dense ceramic tube in an environment accessible to a mixture of gases, the at least one tube acting as a diffusion membrane for separating at least one gas from the mixture of gases. Two electrical contacts are provided which allow connecting a power supply to the ceramic tube and driving an electric current through the ceramic tube. The contacts can be in the farm of short coils wrapped around the ceramic tube at difference places. When a voltage is applied to the contacts, an electrical current flows from one contact to the other through the ceramic tube. The current in the ceramic tube heats the tube. Thus, the tubes heat themselves. The hot tube allows separating a gas from the mixture of gases. The driving force for the diffusion is achieved by a pressure difference generated by pumping at the side of the separated gas and pressing at the side of the mixture of gases.

Abstract: An apparatus for efficiently collecting reaction by-products in exhaust gases of a semiconductor processing or flat panel display processing device is provided. The collection apparatus includes a heating section connected to a process chamber of the semiconductor processing or flat panel display processing device. The heating section is designed to preheat the reaction by-products to prevent or reduce liquefaction of the reaction by-products. A by-product pile up section then rapidly cools the heated reaction by-products to convert the same into a solid form.

Abstract: An inertial gas-liquid impactor separator has a de-icer for preventing ice accumulation at the acceleration nozzles. A heater heats a nozzle plate to minimize plugging of acceleration nozzles otherwise due to icing.

Abstract: Systems and methods for producing an ozone destructor are disclosed herein. Generally, these systems and methods include an ozone destructor that has a housing defining an air passage duct. In some cases, this air passage duct includes a first chamber and a second chamber that are arranged so that air is able to flow into the first chamber, through the second chamber, and out of the destructor. In some cases, an air drying mechanism is disposed in the first and/or the second chamber. Additionally, in some cases, the ozone destructor further includes multiple mechanisms that reduce ozone to oxygen. In light of these features, the ozone destructor is capable of incrementally drying and reducing air and ozone, respectively, as they pass through the first chamber and the second chamber.

Abstract: The invention relates to a waste gas system for bioreactors having a hydrophobic sterile filter, arranged at the end, and a heat exchanger which protects the sterile filter against blocking by liquid media. The gas outflow duct for discharging waste gas from a bioreactor vessel is divided in a cooling zone of the heat exchanger into a multiplicity of subducts and is extended in a heating zone of the heat exchanger to a calming zone. Due to the multiplicity of subducts, a considerably larger surface area for the removal of heat from the waste gas is available, with the result that in the case of laminar flow of the waste gas through the subducts a high effectiveness of the separation of liquids from the waste gas can be achieved.

Abstract: A process for separating a gas mixture in a separation unit of the type in which the gas mixture comes from a reaction unit and comprises, as main constituents, hydrogen (H2) and/or carbon monoxide (CO).

Abstract: A system for delivering air to vehicle engines generally includes at least one air cleaner configurable to receive either conditioned air or unconditioned air and a conduit assembly coupled to the air cleaner for delivering cleaned air from the air cleaner to the vehicle engine.

Abstract: A particle trap for a remote plasma source includes a body structure having an inlet for coupling to a chamber of a remote plasma source and an outlet for coupling to a process chamber inlet. The particle trap for a remote plasma source also includes a gas channel formed in the body structure and in fluid communication with the body structure inlet and the body structure outlet. The gas channel can define a path through the body structure that causes particles in a gas passing from a first portion of the channel to strike a wall that defines a second portion of the gas channel at an angle relative to a surface of the wall. A coolant member can be in thermal communication with the gas channel.

Abstract: A mixture of air and one or more halogenated alkanes is directed to a gas separation membrane where it is separated into an oxygen, nitrogen, and moisture-enriched and halogenated alkane-depleted permeate and a halogenated alkane-enriched and oxygen, nitrogen, and moisture-depleted retentate. The retentate is directed to a cryogenic condenser where an amount of halogenated alkane is condensed therein.

Abstract: An apparatus for removing harmful gas components out of the earth's atmosphere is a free-flying autonomous lightweight aircraft with an onboard gas processing system including gas separation or extraction devices, and inlets and outlets connected to the devices. Solar cells and/or thermoelectric generators provided on the craft produce electrical energy to operate the individual devices. The system may include a cryogenic closed-loop circulation system that participates in liquefying the extracted gas components. The apparatus is preferably a lighter-than-air craft like a dirigible. A method of extracting harmful gas components from the atmosphere involves flying the apparatus at a prescribed altitude level and operating the gas processing system to remove the harmful gas component from the atmosphere, then returning the apparatus to earth to offload the liquefied stored harmful gas component.

Abstract: A system and method for using an element made of porous ceramic materials such as zeolite to constrain the flow of gas molecules to the free molecular or transitional flow regime. A preferred embodiment of the gas pump may include the zeolite element, a heater, a cooler, passive thermal elements, and encapsulation. The zeolite element may be further comprised of multiple types of porous matrix sub-elements, which may be coated with other materials and may be connected in series or in parallel. The gas pump may further include sensors and a control mechanism that is responsive to the output of the sensors. The control mechanism may further provide the ability to turn on and off certain heaters in order to reverse the flow in the gas pump. In one embodiment, the pump may operate by utilizing waste heat from an external system to induce transpiration driven flow across the zeolite.

Abstract: A method and device for separation of chalcogens from waste gases in process installations are provided so that complete and reliable removal of chalcogens occurs continuously during nonstop operation of the process installation in the most effective manner possible. The process installation is connected via a pipeline to an input connector of the device for separation of chalcogens arranged outside of the process installation. The pipeline and the input connector have a heat connection to the process chamber. The device for separation of chalcogens is provided with an outlet connector as well as a gas outlet is equipped with a cooling device so that the input connector is excluded from cooling.

Abstract: Systems and methods for producing ozonated water on demand. In particular, these systems comprise a water source, an ozone source, and a nozzle that mixes ozone and water to form a highly concentrated, ozonated water solution. Instead of requiring the ozonated water to be re-circulated to achieve a desired ozone concentration, the nozzle is configured to form the ozonated water solution in a single pass through the nozzle. Additionally, instead of requiring the ozonated water to be discharged into a pressurized tank to increase ozone absorption, the nozzle allows the ozonated water to be openly discharge. In some cases, the nozzle comprises a venturi with multiple ozone inlets to increase mixing. Additionally, in some cases the nozzle comprises a single pass mixing mechanism that mixes the water and ozone to form the high concentrate, ozonated water solution in a single pass through the nozzle.

Abstract: Device for drying a compressed gas in a non-dissipative manner, which mainly consists of a compressed gas supply (2), at least two pressure vessels (31, 32) with an input (33, 34) and an output (35, 36), and a take-off point (26), whereby the device (1) is additionally provided with a first distribution device (3) and a second distribution device (13) which is provided with one or several coolers (30) and whereby the device (1) can be controlled by means of nine or ten cut-off valves (7-12, 21, 22, 29, 38 and 40).

Abstract: Device for supplying domiciliary and ambulatory oxygen, comprising an oxygen filling station and a portable oxygen reserve that can be selectively connected to the filling station, the filling station comprising an oxygen concentrator intended to isolate gaseous oxygen from the air, a liquefier connected to one outlet of the concentrator to receive the isolated gaseous oxygen so that it can be liquefied, a transfer connector connected to one outlet of the liquefier and intended to be connected to an inlet connector of the reserve, the reserve comprising a tank connected to the inlet connector so that liquid oxygen can be transferred from the filling station to the tank, a delivery system comprising members for tapping off, heating and regulating the flow of the oxygen from the tank so as to deliver gaseous oxygen to a patient, the oxygen supply device comprising a gaseous oxygen outlet connector intended to be connected to the airways of a patient, the said oxygen outlet connector being situated on the portab

Abstract: Method for supplying a high purity gas product comprising providing a first gas stream including a major component and at least one impurity component, determining the concentration of the at least one impurity component, and comparing the concentration so determined with a reference concentration for that component. When the value of the concentration so determined is less than or equal to the reference concentration, the first gas stream is utilized to provide the high purity gas product. When the value of the concentration so determined is greater than the reference concentration, a second gas stream comprising the major component is provided and the first and second gas streams are mixed to yield a mixed gas stream having a concentration of the at least one impurity component that is less than the reference concentration.

Abstract: In a device for oxidizing, reducing, calcining, sintering or melting dusts such as, e.g., furnace or steel dusts, marl and lime dust mixtures, shredder light fractions, mineral dusts such as, e.g., glass dusts, cement kiln bypass dusts, dry sewage sludge, paper slurries or oil-containing grinding dust suspensions, using a dosing cyclone into which the dusts are charged and to which a tangential connector for feeding carrier gases is connected, and a combustion chamber following the dosing cyclone in the axial direction, wherein fuel and optionally additional carrier gas are injected into the combustion chamber coaxially with the discharge opening of the cyclone, a lance is arranged in the interior of the dosing cyclone, coaxially with the discharge opening of the dosing cyclone, for the introduction of liquid substances, substances dissolved in liquids or suspended in gases, or gaseous oxidizable substances and, in particular, fuels.

Abstract: A thermoelectric particle precipitator for removing and collecting particles from a fluid stream. The thermoelectric particle precipitator utilizes one or more thermoelectric modules to create a temperature gradient which causes suspended particles in a fluid stream to undergo thermophoretic movement and precipitate on a surface on the cooled side of the temperature gradient. The collection surface may be a cooled surface of the thermoelectric module or a cooled surface of a thermal mass. The collected particles may be analyzed to determine their composition.

Abstract: A separation column for a gas chromatograph that includes a block of electrically insulating material having a channel located between two strips of thermoelectric material spaced from the channel by strips of electrically insulating material. Electrodes are connected to opposite ends of the strips of thermoelectric material. More specifically, each strip of thermoelectric material has two layers of dissimilar material to enable the strips to provide selective and cooling depending on the direction of current flow through the strips.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for separating a fluid mixture consisting of at least two components. The inventive method comprises the following steps: contacting the fluid mixture at a first, lower temperature in a first operating zone with a carbon membrane which is arranged adjacent to a surface of a porous transport matrix or which is applied on a surface of the matrix, whereby at least one fluid component is adsorbed and at least one component of the fluid mixture preferably permeates the membrane; heating a surface spatially distant from the membrane and/or a part of the porous transport matrix to a second, higher temperature which facilitates the thermal desorption of adsorbed components in a second operating zone; separately removing the fluid mixture depleted by the at least one permeated component from the first operating zone and the fluid mixture enriched with the at least one permeated component from the second operating zone.

Abstract: A device for separating gases, especially isotopes, by thermal cycling of a separation column using a pressure vessel mounted vertically and having baffled sources for cold and heat. Coils at the top are cooled with a fluid such as liquid nitrogen. Coils at the bottom are either electrical resistance coils or a tubular heat exchange. The sources are shrouded with an insulated “top hat” and simultaneously opened and closed at the outlets to cool or heat the separation column. Alternatively, the sources for cold and heat are mounted separately outside the vessel and an external loop is provided for each circuit.