Abstract: The invention relates to a transfer unit for analysis devices, containing a tube-shaped assembly which can be heated by an electric heater in a programmed manner, a tube (6) which is arranged in the sample chamber (18) and into which the end of a gas chromatographic separating column can be inserted at the end of said tube, and means for introducing carrier gas into the tube (6), said transfer unit being characterized in that a temperature sensor (8) is arranged in the ring chamber (5) between the inner wall of the assembly and the evaporator tube (6). The transfer unit can be a sample introduction device for a gas chromatograph having a sample introduction head (18), and the assembly can be a sample introduction chamber in which an evaporator tube is provided, wherein the end of a gas chromatographic separating column can be inserted into the end facing away from the sample introduction head (18).

Abstract: A discharge electrode using carbon fibers, nanofibers and/or nanotubes to generate the corona discharge. The invention contemplates carbon fiber electrodes with or without a polymer matrix to form a composite, and a supporting configuration in which the fibers are wrapped helically around a supporting rod that extends along the length of the electrode. Another supporting configuration includes the fibers stretched across the gas flow path. Yet another supporting configuration includes mounting the fibers along the length of the support rod substantially parallel to the rod.

Abstract: A structure for attaching a dust collection electrode of a wet electric dust collector that is low-cost and resistant to entire face corrosion, space corrosion, and hole corrosion. An end of a dust collection electrode element is tightened and slung to be supported by a slung beam slung in a lateral direction in a building accommodating a dust collection apparatus. A supporting member made of Hastelloy® is attached to the dust collection electrode element. The supporting member and the slung beam include attachment holes through which the supporting member and the slung beam are tightened together by a bolt and nut. The slung beam and the dust collection electrode element have therebetween the supporting member to sling and support the slung beam and the dust collection electrode plate so that the slung beam and the dust collection electrode plate are separated from each other.

Abstract: An electrode wire for use in an electrostatic precipitator is provided according to an embodiment of the invention. The electrode wire includes a wire portion of a predetermined length L, a first end, and a second end. The electrode wire further includes retaining bodies formed on the first end and the second end of the wire portion. A retaining body of the retaining bodies is substantially solid.

Abstract: The object of the invention is a device for ionizing (2) particles carried in an airflow (4) circulating inside a system, this device (2) including at least two electrodes (8, 9) held by a chassis (13) and connected, respectively, to the corresponding terminals (10, 11) of a polarized electrical power supply. Two adjacent first electrodes (8) are arranged on either side of a second electrode (9), which is formed from at least one conductor cable (14). The latter (14) is hooked onto fingers (15) that are designed as an elastic part for tensioning the conductor cable (14) and that are held by the chassis (13).

Abstract: An electrode wire for use in an electrostatic precipitator is provided according to an embodiment of the invention. The electrode wire includes a wire portion of a predetermined length L, a first end, and a second end. The electrode wire further includes retaining bodies formed on the first end and the second end of the wire portion. A retaining body of the retaining bodies is substantially solid.

Abstract: An apparatus for preventing wear of an electrode holder on a discharge electrode frame of an electrostatic precipitator includes an electrically conductive member having a central portion generally contoured to a shape of an electrode holder. The apparatus is fastened to at least one of the electrode holder and an end portion of a discharge electrode such that, when the end portion of the discharge electrode is attached to the electrode holder, the electrically conductive member is disposed between the end portion of the discharge electrode and the electrode holder.

Abstract: A replacement discharge electrode including a plurality of tubular telescopically assemblable discharge elements, and a tensioning element, tensioning the cable when the tubular telescopically assemblable discharge elements are aligned forming a rigid unitary tubular replacement discharge electrode. The discharge electrode components include abuttable tubular sections, center support tubes telescopically received within the abuttable tubular sections and outer tubular sleeves or collars, forming a rigid discharge electrode having excellent electrical properties. The method includes loosely assembling the tubular component on a flexible cable and tensioning the cable to form a rigid mast-type discharge electrode.

Abstract: Electrostatic precipitator (ESP) systems and methods are provided. A system includes at least one corona discharge electrode and at least one collector (and likely, at least a pair of collector electrodes) that extend downstream from the corona discharge electrode. An insulated driver electrode is located adjacent the collector electrode, and where there is at least a pair of collector electrodes, between each pair of collector electrodes. A high voltage source provides a voltage potential to the at least one of the corona discharge electrode and the collector electrode(s), to thereby provide a potential different therebetween. The insulated driver electrode(s) may or may not be at a same voltage potential as the corona discharge electrode, but should be at a different voltage potential than the collector electrode(s).

Abstract: A bow-reduced precipitator collector plate assembly and an appertaining method include a precipitator collector plate that contacts a spring-like stiffening element configured to be attached to a fixed anchor or an adjacent anchoring collector plate. The stiffening element is configured to apply a force in a direction normal to a primary plane, which is generally co-linear but opposite in direction of a direction of bowing, of the precipitator collecting plate.

Abstract: A grid-frame stabilizer and method of operation for an electrostatic precipitator includes a rigid stand-off member that prevents oscillation of a grid frame used to keep discharge electrodes of the precipitator separated from one another. One end of the stand-off member is rigidly connected to the grid frame and the other end is rigidly connected to a fixed housing component through at least one electrical isolator. The fixed housing component is firmly affixed to an interior region of the precipitator. The stand-off member passes into the housing component through a housing opening which is preferably sealed by a membrane designed to prevent particle contamination of the surfaces of the electrical isolators.

Abstract: A high voltage electrostatic filter has alternating oppositely charged plates with an ionizing wire affixed directly to alternate plates so as to be included in a removable charged assembly unit which may also include the high voltage source and deflection of the direction of air flow by the charged plates brings airborne particulate into contact with the plates.

Abstract: The invention provides a photographic printing process which consists of impregnating a support with a photosensitive composition comprising a leuco ester of a vat dyestuff, an acid-generating substance and a catalyst, squeezing out the said support, and exposing the latter to light. The invention also provides equipment for carrying out the process continuously comprising an impregnation tank, a cylindrical irradiation drum equipped with a light source of elongated shape, a neutralization tank, a buffering tank and a rinsing tank. The said drum is equipped to receive, on its outer surface, a photographic plate and a strip of impregnated woven fabric. This process makes it possible to produce monochrome or polychrome patterns with permanent colors.

Abstract: A thermally developable light-sensitive material with improved storage stability and a minimized thermal fog without an increase in both light discoloration and dark discoloration which comprises a support and having therein or in at least one layer thereon at least (a) an organic carboxylic acid silver salt comprising about 50 mol% or more of silver behenate, (b) a photocatalyst and (c) a reducing agent, and with the material containing (d) at least one compound (1) represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, which may be the same or different, each represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent selected from the group consisting of a nitro group, a cyano group and a halogen atom, with the proviso that R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are not all simultaneously a hydrogen atom, and (2) having a half-neutralization point of from about 40 mV to about 140 mV above the half-neutralization point of benzoic acid in isopropanol.

Abstract: Light sensitive, high molecular weight diazo polymers useful for the manufacture of color proofing guides are herein provided. The novel diazo polymers of the instant invention have the generic formula: ##STR1## Where R is methyl or hydrogen X is methoxy, ethoxy or hydrogenY is oxygen or sulfurZ is an anion of a sulfonic, carboxylic or phosphonic acidN is an integer from 8 to 970.

Abstract: The invention is directed essentially to photographic material containing, on a carrier, a layer with azo dyestuffs of the formula ##STR1## wherein A, B, X and Y are certain substituents, in a second main aspect azo dyestuffs of the formula ##STR2## wherein B' represents certain substituents and in a third main aspect azo deystuffs of the formulaA.sub.1 --N.dbd.N--B.sub.1 --NH--CO--X.sub.1 --Y--Z.sub.1 --OC--HN--B.sub.1 --N.dbd.N--A.sub.1wherein A.sub.1, B.sub.1, X.sub.1, Z.sub.1 and Y are certain substituents.The photographic materials provide advantages stemming from the use of the dyestuffs of the invention which are distinguished by particularly high fastness to light coupled with excellent bleachability, good resistance to diffusion and advantageous color strength.

Abstract: A photosensitive material is provided in which at least one surface portion of a substrate contains di-iodopropyl cellulose uniformly distributed therethrough. A photosensitive sheet material can be formed totally of di-iodopropyl cellulose or in part by di-iodopropyl cellulose, provided that the surface thereof contains di-iodopropyl cellulose. Upon exposure to electromagnetic radiation, including wave lengths not greater than 0.315 microns, radical iodine is liberated which forms molecular iodine spots to form an image corresponding to the intensity of the irradiation with the electromagnetic radiation. A provision is further made for bringing the surface of the material into contact with a substance which forms a colored compound upon reaction with the iodine.

Abstract: Novel o-nitro-o-azaarylidene dyes are provided in which the o-nitro-o-azaaryl group of the dye is joined through a methine linkage to a basic heterocyclic nucleus containing an electron donating atom. These dyes are photobleachable. The photobleachable properties of the dyes make them useful in a variety of photographic applications. For example, they can be used to provide light-sensitive elements in which images can be formed in or on a support by exposure to light to which the dye is sensitive; or to provide photobleachable halation protection in photographic, including photothermographic, elements having coated thereon a photosensitive imaging layer. The dyes are also useful in filter layers.

Abstract: A photosensitive material is provided in which at least one surface portion of a substrate contains 2,3-di-(2,3-diiodopropoxy)-propyl cellulose uniformly distributed therethrough. A photosensitive sheet material can be formed totally of 2,3-di-(2,3-diiodopropoxy)-propyl cellulose or in part thereof, provided that the surface thereof contains 2,3-di-(2,3-diiodopropoxy)-propyl cellulose. Upon exposure to an activating electromagnetic radiation in which the intensity is modulated according to the configuration of an image, a visible image is formed on the surface of the material. Provision is further made for bringing the surface of the material into contact with the substance which forms a colored compound upon reaction with iodine liberated upon subjecting the surface to activating electromagnetic radiation.

Abstract: Disclosed is an imaging method based upon the selective exposure of a select pair of photoactive materials to actinic radiation. According to this method, charge exchange between materials of a photosensitive mixture results in the selective decomposition of one of the components of said mixture. In the event that the above materials are dispersed within a polymeric film, the selective decomposition of one of these dispersed components will be manifest by changes induced in the polymeric film. Such changes in the characteristic properties of the film will, of course, vary depending upon the content of the dispersed photosensitive components in the film and the extent of decomposition of one of said materials.

Abstract: A photographic element comprises a support having thereon a binder containing numerous vesicles, each vesicle comprising a matrix of lipid membranes containing rhodopsin and one of(a) metal cations or(b) materials selected from the group consisting of chelatometric materials, colorimetric reagents for said metal cations, materials which are caused to react by the presence of said metal cations to form a gas or a visible reaction product, and materials which form elemental metal through redox reactions with said metal cationsInside the vesicles and the other (a) or (b) outside the vesicles. On imagewise exposure to light, the metal cations flow through the vesicles and react with the above material in the exposed areas only.

Abstract: Leuco dye compositions containing a compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein m = 0 or 1: Ar is an arylene or lower alkyl substituted arylene radical;R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, which may be the same or different, are lower alkyl or hydroxyalkyl groups, or ##STR2## R.sub.3 is H, lower alkyl, benzyl, R.sub.4, or ##STR3## R.sub.5 is H, a C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 alkyl group, an aryl group, ##STR4## wherein n=2-6; and R.sub.6 is a lower alkyl group or an aryl group. Where m = 1, the formula represents a colorless leuco compound; where m = 0, the formula represents the yellow dye derivative of the leuco. These compounds are particularly useful in photosensitive compositions.

Abstract: A laminate having particular characteristics is used in securing a protective sheet over the emulsion surface of a photographic element such as negatives, positives, slides, glass plates, microfilm, movie film, etc. The optical and mechanical characteristics of the laminate include a protective sheet of transparent, wear-resistant plastic coated with a pressure-sensitive adhesive so that the total thickness of the protective sheet and the adhesive is less than 0.004 inches. The adhesive transmits a major portion of incident ultra violet light and is non-degradable in ultra violet light, and a release sheet of resin material covers the adhesive coating until application to the photographic element when the release sheet is stripped away. Both the protective sheet and the release sheet have a surface finish of less than 10-millionths of an inch RMS so that both the adhesive surface and the protective sheet surface are very smooth when the release sheet is stripped away.

Abstract: An image-forming element is disclosed comprised of a support and a coating thereon containing a cobalt(III)complex and a compound containing a conjugated .pi. bonding system capable of forming at least a bidentate chelate with cobalt(III). The coating is predominantly free of anions which will form conjugate acids by deprotonation of a cobalt(II)complex containing the chelating compound. In one preferred form the image-forming element is radiation-sensitive. In this form the image-forming element can contain a photoactivator capable of initiating reduction of the cobalt(III)complex. An imaging process is disclosed in which the coating is exposed to actinic radiation to produce an image. Images can be recorded directly within the image-forming coating or in a separate image-recording element or layer by use of the residual cobalt(III)complex or by use of one or more of the reaction products produced by exposure.

Abstract: In a first main aspect azo dyestuffs of the formula ##STR1## wherein A, B, X and Y are certain substituents, in a second main aspect azo dyestuffs of the formula ##STR2## wherein B' represents certain substituents and in a third main aspect azo dyestuffs of the formulaA.sub.1 --N.dbd.N--B.sub.1 --NH--CO--X.sub.1 --Y--Z.sub.1 --OC--HN--B.sub.1 --N.dbd.N--A.sub.1wherein A.sub.1, B.sub.1, X.sub.1, Z.sub.1 and Y are certain substituents as well as the use of said azo dyestuffs in photographic material are disclosed.

Abstract: A process for the production of aliphatic .beta.-keto esters by reacting a dialkyl ketone with a dialkylcarbonate in the presence of an at least equivalent quantity of a basic condensation agent based on the dialkyl ketone at a reaction temperature of 20.degree. to 80.degree. C and the reaction product is subsequently converted by acidification into the .beta.-keto ester. By carrying out the condensation reaction in the presence of hexamethylphosphoric acid triamide as solvent advantageously higher yields of 20 to 50 % can be obtained by the inventive process of compared to conventional processes.

Abstract: Novel o-nitro-substituted arylidene dyes are provided in which the o-nitro aryl group of the arylidene dye is joined through a methine chain linkage to a basic heterocyclic radical containing an electron donating atom. These dyes are photobleachable. The photobleachable properties are useful to provide light-sensitive elements in which images can be formed in or on a support by exposure to light to which the dye is sensitive and to provide photobleachable halation protection in photographic elements having coated thereon a photographic imaging layer. The o-nitro-substituted arylidene dyes can be used for antihalation purposes in photothermographic elements. The dyes can be incorporated within silver halide emulsions to reduce internal light scattering (i.e., internal halation) or to desensitize the emulsion. The dyes are also useful in filter layers.

Abstract: A photosensitive layer comprises (a) at least one heterocyclic photochromic spiropyrane which can exist in a closed or open structure, the closed structure being converted to the open structure on irradiation with ultra-violet light, and the open structure being reconverted to the closed structure on irradiation with visible light, (b) at least one ortho-substituted nitrogen-containing thioether, and (c) at least one reagent capable of developing a latent image produced in the layer. In use of the layer, it is exposed to ultra-violet or visible light, and after exposure the layer is heated to cause conversion of the thioether to a thione at those areas of the layer in which spiropyrane in the open form is present: the spiropyrane in the open form catalyzing the conversion of thioether to thione and thereby amplifying the latent image produced on irradiation of the layer. The thione produced then reacts with the developing reagent to form a visible image.

Abstract: A method for monitoring the optical development of non-silver free radical film in which the fog buildup in a selected non-image portion of the film is used to control the intensity and/or duration of the development exposure so as to insure a desired level of contrast between image and non-image areas in the developed film.

Abstract: Novel o-nitro-substituted arylidene dyes are provided in which the o-nitro aryl group of the arylidene dye is joined through a methine chain linkage to a basic heterocyclic radical containing an electron donating atom. These dyes are photobleachable. The photobleachable properties are useful to provide light-sensitive elements in which images can be formed in or on a support by exposure to light to which the dye is sensitive and to provide photobleachable halation protection in photographic elements having coated thereon a photographic imaging layer. The o-nitro-substituted arylidene dyes can be used for antihalation purposes in photothermographic elements. The dyes can be incorporated within silver halide emulsions to reduce internal light scattering (i.e., internal halation) or to desensitize the emulsion. The dyes are also useful in filter layers.

Abstract: Novel o-nitro-substituted arylidene dyes are provided in which the o-nitro aryl group of the arylidene dye is joined through a methine chain linkage to a basic heterocyclic radical containing an electron donating atom. These dyes are photobleachable. The photobleachable properties are useful to provide light-sensitive elements in which images can be formed in or on a support by exposure to light to which the dye is sensitive and to provide photobleachable halation protection in photographic elements having coated thereon a photographic imaging layer. The o-nitro-substituted arylidene dyes can be used for antihalation purposes in photothermographic elements. The dyes can be incorporated within silver halide emulsions to reduce internal light scattering (i.e., internal halation) or to desensitize the emulsion. The dyes are also useful in filter layers.

Abstract: Novel o-nitro-substituted arylidene dyes are provided in which the o-nitro aryl group of the arylidene dye is joined through a methine chain linkage to a basic heterocyclic radical containing an electron donating atom. These dyes are photobleachable. The photobleachable properties are useful to provide light-sensitive elements in which images can be formed in or on a support by exposure to light to which the dye is sensitive and to provide photobleachable halation protection in photographic elements having coated thereon a photographic imaging layer. The o-nitro-substituted arylidene dyes can be used for antihalation purposes in photothermographic elements. The dyes can be incorporated within silver halide emulsions to reduce internal light scattering (i.e., internal halation) or to desensitize the emulsion. The dyes are also useful in filter layers.

Abstract: An electro-kinetic electro-static air conditioner includes a self-contained ion generator that provides electro-kinetically moved air with ions and safe amounts of ozone. The ion generator includes a high voltage pulse generator whose output pulses are coupled between first and second electrode arrays. Preferably the first array comprises one or more wire electrodes spaced staggeringly apart from a second array comprising hollow “U”-shaped electrodes. Preferably a ratio between effective area of an electrode in the second array compared to effective area of an electrode in the first array exceeds about 15:1 and preferably is about 20:1. An electric field produced by the high voltage pulses between the arrays produces an electrostatic flow of ionized air containing safe amounts of ozone. A bias electrode, electrically coupled to the second array electrodes, affects net polarity of ions generated. The outflow of ionized air and ozone is thus conditioned.