Abstract: A sealed chain is provided that traps lubricant and dust electrostatically. The chain includes an inner plate which is penetrated by a bushing and an outer plate which is penetrated by a pin. The inner and outer plates are connected alternatingly. Between the inner plate and the outer plate, a seal which is coaxial with the bushing and the pin, is provided in contact with the inner and outer plates. The contact area between the seal and the inner plate is smaller than the contact area between the seal and the outer plate. An annular dust hole, which is around the end of the bushing for sliding on the pin is formed on the inner part of the surface of the seal facing the inner plate. When chain bends due to, for example, winding by a sprocket, the seal slides on the inner plate thus, generating electrostatic charge. The end of the bushing 12, which slides on the pin, is encircled by the dust hole, which entraps lubricant electrostatically on sliding surfaces and dust formed by the wear of sliding surfaces.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus capable of normally carrying out correct and moreover highly precise smoothing while preventing the complication of the smoothing process and which is able to reliably carry out the smoothing process even when the line density of the image data is multiplied by a predetermined factor. When the black-white pattern of pixel data in a predetermined area is a specific pattern, the judging and line density conversion circuit determines whether a predetermined pixel data is black or white by referring to the black-white pattern of pixel data existing in the main scanning direction of the pixel data as well as the black-white pattern of pixel data existing in a predetermined area. As the line density of the image data can be simultaneously multiplied by a predetermined factor, more precise smoothing is possible.

Abstract: A hair clip includes a pair of hair retaining members pivoted by a hinge portion and urged toward their closed position by a coil spring wound around a shaft. Each of the hair retaining members includes a comb-like hair retaining portion extending in one direction of the width of the hair retaining member, an outwardly curved lever portion extending in the opposite direction to the comb-like retaining portion and an inwardly protruded comb-like covering portion. The comb-like covering portions are engaged with each other when the comb-like hair retaining portions are in their closed position and are further engaged to cover the coil spring when the lever portions are pinched to approach one another against the spring force of the coil spring.

Abstract: A metallic thin-film magnetic recording medium which is enhanced in coercive force, diminished in nonlinear waveform interference through controlled magnetic anisotropy and adapted to a higher recording density. A seed layer of a crystalline Cr--Ni alloy is formed between the substrate of the medium and a Cr ground layer, whereby the crystal orientation of a magnetic layer is substantially (100) orientation. The crystalline alloy includes an alloy consisting essentially of 36 to 46 atomic % of Ni and the balance substantially Cr, or an alloy consisting essentially of 36 to 46 atomic % of Ni, 0.5 to 3 atomic % of W or Mo or combination thereof and the balance substantially Cr.

Abstract: A plurality of surface terminals are disposed on the peripheral surface of the base casing of an electrical module, and a plurality of connection terminals which are joined to the surface terminals are disposed on the peripheral wall of the module accommodating portion of an instrument panel. Guide grooves are provided in the peripheral wall of a front casing, and anchoring pins which are anchored to the guide grooves are provided in the peripheral wall of the module accommodating portion so that the pins can freely be protruded into or retracted from the module accommodating portion. By fitting the electrical module into the module accommodating portion, the electrical module is fixed to the instrument panel and also the surface terminals are joined to the connection terminals.

Abstract: A pre-processing portion retrieves several alternative program names with the same number of arguments as that of given input/output examples from a reference program cache table. A denotational determining portion successively retrieves alternative programs from a reference program database, supplies received input examples to the alternative programs, and obtains outputs of the programs. Thereafter, the denotational determining portion compares each obtained output with each given output example and determines whether or not each alternative program can be used. The denotational determining portion outputs the program name of the suitable alternative program. Thus, a desired program is automatically retrieved from pre-developed programs with retrieval keys of input/output examples. Consequently, alternative programs can be easily obtained.

Abstract: A wear resistant copper alloy composition which includes:______________________________________ Component (% by weight) ______________________________________ Zn 20 to 40 Al 2 to 11 at least one iron family metal 1 to 5 selected from Fe, Ni, and Co Ti 0.1 to 4 Component X, which is at least one Mn = 0.01 to less than 0.1 of Mn or S, in the amounts S = 0.0005 to 0.01 indicated Cu (with unavoidable impurities) balance. ______________________________________The copper alloy, which contains as an optional component Mg (from 0.01 to 0.5% by weight), is particularly suitable for manufacturing synchronizer rings in automatic transmissions for internal combustion engines.

Abstract: An automatic routing method and an automatic routing apparatus enable an optimum automatic routing under severe design conditions due to high-density mounting of an object of a wiring design such as an LSI, a multichip module, a printed wiring board, etc. The automatic routing apparatus has an area input unit for inputting area information for setting a routing controlled area in which an automatic routing is performed under specific routing control conditions within a wiring area of an object of the wiring design, a condition input unit for inputting condition information for designating the routing control conditions in the routing controlled area set according to the area information inputted from the area input unit, and an automatic routing unit for automatically routing under the specific routing control conditions designated according to the condition information inputted from the condition input unit within the routing controlled area.

Abstract: A driving mechanism for an optical pickup for optical disks which uses the 3-beam system for tracking error detection. The driving mechanism has a swing supporting point provided on a base, and a swing arm which pivots about the swing supporting point and fixedly holds an optical pickup. The swing arm has a flat portion provided near an end portion thereof. The flat portion contains the center axis of the swing arm. A correcting point is provide on the center axis of the swing arm. The driving mechanism further has a correcting mechanism for causing the correcting point to move along a circular arc having a radius smaller than the distance from the correcting point to the swing supporting point, and a swing arm driving mechanism for swingingly driving the swing arm. The driving mechanism is less costly and capable of driving the optical pickup at high speed and with high accuracy. In addition, degradation of the output signal can be prevented.

Abstract: A pressure sensitive resistance tablet coordinate input device is provided which enables the cursor to be moved to a desired position on a PC display by pressing a tablet sheet (6) with a stylus, permits the stylus press-shift operation at the center of the tablet sheet (6) and maintains the continuity of control of the cursor movement even if the pressure to the tablet is once removed. The device is selectively switchable between an absolute value output data in which pressed-position data (x.sub.n,y.sub.n) is used as cursor control data (X.sub.n,Y.sub.n) or a relative value output mode in which relative position data is calculated by comparing pieces of pressed-position data before and after the stylus press-shift operation on the tablet sheet (6). The relative position data thus calculated is used as the cursor control data (X.sub.n,Y.sub.n). Since either one of the two modes of operation can be selected in accordance with the contact resistance value r.sub.

Abstract: A .delta.-indanthrone blue pigment having an average primary particle diameter in the range of 0.5 .mu.m or less and having a chroma C* value of 20 or greater; a hue angle in the range of 274-283 when colorimetry is performed on a paint film made from a melamine alkyd paint in which the proportion of pigment in the solid portion is 9.6%; and containing .delta.-indanthrone blue pigment and titanium dioxide pigment in a ratio of 1 to 20 by weight.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising the steps of heating a substrate at a temperature not less than 200.degree. C., for example 800.degree. C., for a sufficient period; cooling the substrate down to room temperature; coating a chemically amplified resist film on the surface of the substrate; exposing a patterning region of the resist film; developing the resist film to form a resist pattern; and etching the surface of the substrate by a certain thickness, employing the resist pattern as a mask. In forming fine resist pattern using chemically amplified resist, resolution can be improved.

Abstract: A transmitting/receiving apparatus for use in telecommunications is provided which makes the user hand-free and is free from such inconveniences as difficulty in utterance and howling and crosstalk between an earphone and a microphone, and which includes: a first ear-insertion body serving as an earphone; and a second ear-insertion body provided separately from the first ear-insertion body and serving as a microphone of a bone-conduction type.

Abstract: In a cutting device having a moving (disc) cutter and a fixed cutter which extends in a cutting direction, wherein the moving cutter moves along the fixed cutter, thereby cutting a medium which is interposed therebetween, a presser member which is movable together with a medium pressing interlocking plate is lowered to press on the medium to fix the same at a portion close to a cutting position since a bearing attached to the moving cutter engages with the medium pressing interlocking plate to press down the same as the moving cutter moves. Since the moving cutter cuts the medium at this state, the cut edge of the medium can be excellent in linearity even if it has low rigidity in the outward-surface direction at right angles to the surface thereof. While the moving cutter does not cut the medium, the presser member is retracted to a standby position.

Abstract: An ocular lens material comprising a copolymer obtained by copolymerizing a copolymerizable composition of which the main components are a diene polymer and a monomer capable of copolymerizing with the diene polymer, having high oxygen permeability, high refractive index and high mechanical strength, and being excellent in flexibility and shape recoverability, and its production process are disclosed.

Abstract: A high-temperature generator having a high durability and reliability is disclosed. The generator comprises a double shell type furnace body defining a combustion chamber and a liquid chamber surrounding the combustion chamber. A burner is arranged at a front end of the combustion chamber for generating high temperature gas within the combustion chamber. A smoke tube assembly including a plurality of smoke tubes is arranged in the liquid chamber aligned along a longitudinal direction of the furnace body. The rear end of the smoke tube opens to the combustion chamber. A rear wall having a double-wall configuration is provided with an aperture arranged to face the rear end of the smoke tube assembly, and the aperture is covered with a cover plate detachably mounted to the rear wall.

Abstract: Wells of n- and p-type are formed in a p-type substrate. Wells of p-type are also formed in the n-type well. Both the p-type wells are formed by the same process at the same time to make MOS transistors have different threshold voltages. MOS transistors having a long gate length and a low threshold voltage are formed in the p-well in the n-well, and MOS transistors having a short gate length and a high threshold voltage are formed in the p-well at the outside of the n-well. Fuses are formed over the p-type wells in the n-type well at a high density.

Abstract: Either the front wheels or the rear wheels of a front wheel- and rear wheel-drive vehicle are driven by an engine and the other thereof are driven by an electric motor. A .mu. detecting circuit detects a coefficient of friction on a road surface. A control circuit controls to operate the electric motor such that, when the vehicle is started in a condition in which a detected coefficient of friction is below a predetermined value, an output torque of the electric motor becomes a predetermined set value corresponding to the detected coefficient of friction.

Abstract: A method for removing sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides from a gaseous stream using a magnesium-enhanced lime scrubbing slurry containing a ferrous chelate where oxidized ferrous chelate is regenerated by electrochemical treatment. The spent scrubbing solution containing ferric chelates is passed as a catholyte, at an acidic pH of 4.0-6.5 through a cathode compartment while an anolyte solution containing magnesium sulfate, at a pH of 1.5 to 6.5 is passed through an anode compartment, the compartments separated by a microporous separator. An electrical current is passed from the cathode compartment to the anode compartment and ferric chelates are regenerated to ferrous chelates.

Abstract: A compact antenna for circular polarization comprises a substrate of a dielectric material which is formed on its bottom surface with a ground plane and on its top surface with four planar rectangular patches of an electrically conductive material. The four patches are mounted in a coplanar relation on the top surface of the substrate, and arranged along four sides of a square pattern with the length of each patch angled at 90.degree. with respect to the length of the two adjacent patches. Each of the four patches is short-circuited to the ground plane at a shorting point located at a corner of the square pattern. A 90.degree. hybrid circuit is connected to directly feed only the two adjacent patches with a phase difference of 90.degree. to thereby define these two patches as active antenna elements which are fed with 0.degree. and 90.degree. signals, respectively.