Search Patents
  • Controlled synthesis of monolithically-integrated graphene structure
    Patent number: 9029836
    Abstract: In a method for fabricating a graphene structure, there is formed on a fabrication substrate a pattern of a plurality of distinct graphene catalyst materials. In one graphene synthesis step, different numbers of graphene layers are formed on the catalyst materials in the formed pattern. In a method for fabricating a graphene transistor, on a fabrication substrate at least one graphene catalyst material is provided at a substrate region specified for synthesizing a graphene transistor channel and at least one graphene catalyst material is provided at a substrate region specified for synthesizing a graphene transistor source, and at a substrate region specified for synthesizing a graphene transistor drain. Then in one graphene synthesis step, at least one layer of graphene is formed at the substrate region for the graphene transistor channel, and at the regions for the transistor source and drain there are formed a plurality of layers of graphene.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 8, 2011
    Date of Patent: May 12, 2015
    Assignee: President and Fellows of Harvard College
    Inventors: Jung-Ung Park, SungWoo Nam, Charles M. Lieber
  • FACET-SELECTIVE GROWTH OF NANOSCALE WIRES
    Publication number: 20170117147
    Abstract: The present invention generally relates to nanoscale wires, and to systems and methods of producing nanoscale wires. In some aspects, the present invention is generally related to facet-specific deposition on semiconductor surfaces. In one embodiment, a first surface of a nanoscale wire, or a semiconductor, is preferentially oxidized relative to a second surface, and material is preferentially deposited on the second surface relative to the first surface. For example, the nanoscale wire or semiconductor may be a silicon nanowire that is initially exposed to an etchant to remove silicon oxide, then exposed to an oxidant under conditions such that one facet or surface (e.g., a {113} facet) is oxidized more quickly than another facet or surface (e.g., a {111} facet). Material may then be deposited or immobilized on the less-oxidized facet relative to the more-oxidized facet.
    Type: Application
    Filed: June 11, 2015
    Publication date: April 27, 2017
    Applicant: President and Fellows of Harvard College
    Inventors: Charles M. Lieber, Max Nathan Mankin, Robert Day, Ruixuan Gao
  • TECHNIQUES AND SYSTEMS FOR INJECTION AND/OR CONNECTION OF ELECTRICAL DEVICES
    Publication number: 20180224433
    Abstract: The present invention generally relates to nanoscale wires, nanoscale sensing elements, and/or injectable devices. In some embodiments, the present invention is directed to electronic devices that can be injected or inserted into soft matter, such as biological tissue or polymeric matrixes. For example, the device may be passed through a tube into the medium. To avoid or minimize crumpling, the device may exit the tube at substantially the same rate that the tube is withdrawn from the medium. Other components, such as fluids or cells, may also be injected or inserted. In addition, in some cases, the device, after insertion or injection, may be connected to an external electrical circuit, for example, by printing a conductive path on a medium or on a flexible substrate. The path may be printed using conductive inks, e.g., containing carbon nanotubes or other suitable materials.
    Type: Application
    Filed: August 4, 2016
    Publication date: August 9, 2018
    Applicant: President and Fellows of Harvard College
    Inventors: Charles M. Lieber, Guosong Hong, Tian-Ming Fu, Jinlin Huang, Tao Zhou
  • SCAFFOLDS COMPRISING NANOELECTRONIC COMPONENTS FOR CELLS, TISSUES, AND OTHER APPLICATIONS
    Publication number: 20170072109
    Abstract: The present invention generally relates to nanoscale wires and tissue engineering. In various embodiments, cell scaffolds for growing cells or tissues can be formed that include nanoscale wires that can be connected to electronic circuits extending externally of the cell scaffold. The nanoscale wires may form an integral part of cells or tissues grown from the cell scaffold, and can even be determined or controlled, e.g., using various electronic circuits. This approach allows for the creation of fundamentally new types of functionalized cells and tissues, due to the high degree of electronic control offered by the nanoscale wires and electronic circuits. Accordingly, such cell scaffolds can be used to grow cells or tissues which can be determined and/or controlled at very high resolutions, due to the presence of the nanoscale wires, and such cell scaffolds will find use in a wide variety of novel applications, including applications in tissue engineering, prosthetics, pacemakers, implants, or the like.
    Type: Application
    Filed: July 21, 2016
    Publication date: March 16, 2017
    Inventors: Charles M. Lieber, Jia Liu, Bozhi Tian, Tal Dvir, Robert S. Langer, Daniel S. Kohane
  • Liquid films containing nanostructured materials
    Patent number: 8586131
    Abstract: The present invention generally relates to liquid films containing nanostructured materials, and, optionally, the use of this arrangement to organize nanostructures and to transfer the nanostructures to a surface. Liquid films containing nanostructures, such as nanoscale wires, can be formed in a gas such as air. By choosing an appropriate liquid, a liquid film can be expanded, for example to form a “bubble” having a diameter of at least about 5 cm or 10 cm. The size of the bubble can be controlled, in some cases, by controlling the viscosity of the liquid film. In some embodiments, the viscosity can be controlled to be between about 15 Pa s and about 25 Pa s, or controlled using a mixture of an aqueous liquid and an epoxy. In some cases, the film of liquid may be contacted with a surface, which can be used to transfer at least some of the nanostructures to the surface. In some cases, the nanostructures may be transferred as an orderly or aligned array.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 10, 2007
    Date of Patent: November 19, 2013
    Assignees: President and Fellows of Harvard College, University of Hawaii
    Inventors: Charles M. Lieber, Guihua Yu, Anyuan Cao
  • Nanoscale coherent optical components
    Patent number: 7254151
    Abstract: This invention generally relates to nanotechnology and nanoelectronics as well as associated methods and devices. In particular, the invention relates to nanoscale optical components such as electroluminescence devices (e.g., LEDs), amplified stimulated emission devices (e.g., lasers), waveguides, and optical cavities (e.g., resonators). Articles and devices of a size greater than the nanoscale are also included. Such devices can be formed from nanoscale wires such as nanowires or nanotubes. In some cases, the nanoscale wire is a single crystal. In one embodiment, the nanoscale laser is constructed as a Fabry-Perot cavity, and is driven by electrical injection. Any electrical injection source may be used. For example, electrical injection may be accomplished through a crossed wire configuration, an electrode or distributed electrode configuration, or a core/shell configuration. The output wavelength can be controlled, for example, by varying the types of materials used to fabricate the device.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 11, 2003
    Date of Patent: August 7, 2007
    Assignee: President & Fellows of Harvard College
    Inventors: Charles M. Lieber, Xiangfeng Duan, Yu Huang, Ritesh Agarwal
  • Nanoscale coherent optical components
    Publication number: 20040213307
    Abstract: This invention generally relates to nanotechnology and nanoelectronics as well as associated methods and devices. In particular, the invention relates to nanoscale optical components such as electroluminescence devices (e.g., LEDs), amplified stimulated emission devices (e.g., lasers), waveguides, and optical cavities (e.g., resonators). Articles and devices of a size greater than the nanoscale are also included. Such devices can be formed from nanoscale wires such as nanowires or nanotubes. In some cases, the nanoscale wire is a single crystal. In one embodiment, the nanoscale laser is constructed as a Fabry-Perot cavity, and is driven by electrical injection. Any electrical injection source may be used. For example, electrical injection may be accomplished through a crossed wire configuration, an electrode or distributed electrode configuration, or a core/shell configuration. The output wavelength can be controlled, for example, by varying the types of materials used to fabricate the device.
    Type: Application
    Filed: December 11, 2003
    Publication date: October 28, 2004
    Applicant: President and Fellows of Harvard College
    Inventors: Charles M. Lieber, Xiangfeng Duan, Yu Huang, Ritesh Agarwal
  • Nanoscale Wire-Based Data Storage
    Publication number: 20090095950
    Abstract: The present invention generally relates to nanotechnology and submicroelectronic devices that can be used in circuitry and, in some cases, to nanoscale wires and other nanostructures able to encode data. One aspect of the invention provides a nanoscale wire or other nanostructure having a region that is electrically-polarizable, for example, a nanoscale wire may comprise a core and an electrically-polarizable shell. In some cases, the electrically-polarizable region is able to retain its polarization state in the absence of an external electric field. All, or only a portion, of the electricallypolarizable region may be polarized, for example, to encode one or more bits of data. In one set of embodiments, the electrically-polarizable region comprises a functional oxide or a ferroelectric oxide material, for example, BaTiO3, lead zirconium titanate, or the like.
    Type: Application
    Filed: December 6, 2005
    Publication date: April 16, 2009
    Applicant: President and Fellows of Harvard College
    Inventors: Charles M. Lieber, Yue Wu, Hao Yan
  • SCAFFOLDS COMPRISING NANOELECTRONIC COMPONENTS FOR CELLS, TISSUES, AND OTHER APPLICATIONS
    Publication number: 20140074253
    Abstract: The present invention generally relates to nanoscale wires and tissue engineering. In various embodiments, cell scaffolds for growing cells or tissues can be formed that include nanoscale wires that can be connected to electronic circuits extending externally of the cell scaffold. The nanoscale wires may form an integral part of cells or tissues grown from the cell scaffold, and can even be determined or controlled, e.g., using various electronic circuits. This approach allows for the creation of fundamentally new types of functionalized cells and tissues, due to the high degree of electronic control offered by the nanoscale wires and electronic circuits. Accordingly, such cell scaffolds can be used to grow cells or tissues which can be determined and/or controlled at very high resolutions, due to the presence of the nanoscale wires, and such cell scaffolds will find use in a wide variety of novel applications, including applications in tissue engineering, prosthetics, pacemakers, implants, or the like.
    Type: Application
    Filed: September 4, 2013
    Publication date: March 13, 2014
    Applicants: President and Fellows of Harvard College, Children's Medical Center Corporation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Inventors: Charles M. Lieber, Jia Liu, Bozhi Tian, Tal Dvir, Robert S. Langer, Daniel S. Kohane
  • Nanoscale wires and related devices
    Publication number: 20030089899
    Abstract: The present invention relates generally to sub-microelectronic circuitry, and more particularly to nanometer-scale articles, including nanoscale wires which can be selectively doped at various locations and at various levels. In some cases, the articles may be single crystals. The nanoscale wires can be doped, for example, differentially along their length, or radially, and either in terms of identity of dopant, concentration of dopant, or both. This may be used to provide both n-type and p-type conductivity in a single item, or in different items in close proximity to each other, such as in a crossbar array. The fabrication and growth of such articles is described, and the arrangement of such articles to fabricate electronic, optoelectronic, or spintronic devices and components.
    Type: Application
    Filed: July 16, 2002
    Publication date: May 15, 2003
    Inventors: Charles M. Lieber, Xiangfeng Duan, Yi Cui, Yu Huang, Mark Gudiksen, Lincoln J. Lauhon, Jianfang Wang, Hongkun Park, Qingqiao Wei, Wenjie Liang, David C. Smith, Deli Wang, Zhaohui Zhong
  • Scaffolds comprising nanoelectronic components for cells, tissues, and other applications
    Patent number: 9457128
    Abstract: The present invention generally relates to nanoscale wires and tissue engineering. In various embodiments, cell scaffolds for growing cells or tissues can be formed that include nanoscale wires that can be connected to electronic circuits extending externally of the cell scaffold. The nanoscale wires may form an integral part of cells or tissues grown from the cell scaffold, and can even be determined or controlled, e.g., using various electronic circuits. This approach allows for the creation of fundamentally new types of functionalized cells and tissues, due to the high degree of electronic control offered by the nanoscale wires and electronic circuits. Accordingly, such cell scaffolds can be used to grow cells or tissues which can be determined and/or controlled at very high resolutions, due to the presence of the nanoscale wires, and such cell scaffolds will find use in a wide variety of novel applications, including applications in tissue engineering, prosthetics, pacemakers, implants, or the like.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 4, 2013
    Date of Patent: October 4, 2016
    Assignee: President and Fellows of Harvard College
    Inventors: Charles M. Lieber, Jia Liu, Bozhi Tian, Tal Dvir, Robert S. Langer, Daniel S. Kohane
  • Nanoscale wires and related devices
    Publication number: 20090057650
    Abstract: The present invention relates generally to sub-microelectronic circuitry, and more particularly to nanometer-scale articles, including nanoscale wires which can be selectively doped at various locations and at various levels. In some cases, the articles may be single crystals. The nanoscale wires can be doped, for example, differentially along their length, or radially, and either in terms of identity of dopant, concentration of dopant, or both. This may be used to provide both n-type and p-type conductivity in a single item, or in different items in close proximity to each other, such as in a crossbar array. The fabrication and growth of such articles is described, and the arrangement of such articles to fabricate electronic, optoelectronic, or spintronic devices and components.
    Type: Application
    Filed: February 27, 2008
    Publication date: March 5, 2009
    Applicant: President and Fellows of Harvard College
    Inventors: Charles M. Lieber, Xiangfeng Duan, Yi Cui, Yu Huang, Mark Gudiksen, Lincoln J. Lauhon, Jianfang Wang, Hongkun Park, Qingqiao Wei, Wenjie Liang, David C. Smith, Deli Wang, Zhaohui Zhong
  • Nanoscale sensors for intracellular and other applications
    Patent number: 9638717
    Abstract: The present invention generally relates to nanoscale wires for use in sensors and other applications. In various embodiments, a probe comprising a nanotube (or other nanoscale wire) is provided that can be directly inserted into a cell to determine a property of the cell, e.g., an electrical property. In some cases, only the tip of the nanoscale wire is inserted into the cell; this tip may be very small relative to the cell, allowing for very precise study. In some aspects, the tip of the probe is held by a holding member positioned on a substrate, e.g., at an angle, which makes it easier for the probe to be inserted into the cell. The nanoscale wire may also be connected to electrodes and/or form part of a transistor, such that a property of the nanoscale wire, and thus of the cell, may be determined. Such probes may also be useful for studying other samples besides cells.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 2, 2013
    Date of Patent: May 2, 2017
    Assignee: President and Fellows of Harvard College
    Inventors: Charles M. Lieber, Ruixuan Gao, Steffen Strehle, Xiaojie Duan, Bozhi Tian, Itzhaq Cohen-Karni, Ping Xie, Quan Qing
  • Nanoscale wires and related devices
    Publication number: 20100155698
    Abstract: The present invention relates generally to sub-microelectronic circuitry, and more particularly to nanometer-scale articles, including nanoscale wires which can be selectively doped at various locations and at various levels. In some cases, the articles may be single crystals. The nanoscale wires can be doped, for example, differentially along their length, or radially, and either in terms of identity of dopant, concentration of dopant, or both. This may be used to provide both n-type and p-type conductivity in a single item, or in different items in close proximity to each other, such as in a crossbar array. The fabrication and growth of such articles is described, and the arrangement of such articles to fabricate electronic, optoelectronic, or spintronic devices and components.
    Type: Application
    Filed: June 26, 2009
    Publication date: June 24, 2010
    Applicant: President and Fellows of Harvard College
    Inventors: Charles M. Lieber, Xiangfeng Duan, Yi Cui, Yu Huang, Mark Gudiksen, Lincoln J. Lauhon, Jianfang Wang, Hongkun Park, Qingqiao Wei, Wenjie Liang, David C. Smith, Deli Wang, Zhaohui Zhong
  • BRANCHED NANOSCALE WIRES
    Publication number: 20110042641
    Abstract: The present invention generally relates to nanotechnology and, in particular, to branched nanoscale wires cases, the branched nanoscale wires may be produced using vapor-phase and/or solution-phase synthesis. Branched nanoscale wires may be grown by depositing nanoparticles onto a nanoscale wire, and segments or “branches” can then be grown from the nanoparticles. The nanoscale wire may be any nanoscale wire, for example, a semiconductor nanoscale wire, a nanoscale wire having a core and a shell. The segments may be of the same, or of different materials, than the nanoscale wire, for example, semiconductor/metal, semiconductor/semiconductor. The junction between the segment and the nanoscale wire, in some cases, is epitaxial. In one embodiment, the nanoparticles are adsorbed onto the nanoscale wire by immobilizing a positively-charged entity, such as polylysine, to the nanoscale wire, and exposing it to the nanoparticles.
    Type: Application
    Filed: September 11, 2007
    Publication date: February 24, 2011
    Applicant: President and Fellows of Harvard College
    Inventors: Charles M. Lieber, Bozhi Tian, Xiaocheng Jiang
  • Doped elongated semiconductors, growing such semiconductors, devices including such semiconductors, and fabricating such devices
    Patent number: 7595260
    Abstract: A bulk-doped semiconductor may be at least one of the following: a single crystal, an elongated and bulk-doped semiconductor that at any point along its longitudinal axis, has a largest cross-sectional dimension less than 500 nanometers, and a free-standing and bulk-doped semiconductor with at least one portion having a smallest width of less than 500 nanometers. At least one portion of such a semiconductor may have a smallest width of less than 200 nanometers, or less than 150 nanometers, or less than 100 nanometers, or less than 80 nanometers, or less than 70 nanometers, or less than 60 nanometers, or less than 40 nanometers, or less than 20 nanometers, or less than 10 nanometers, or even less than 5 nanometers. Such a semiconductor may be doped during growth. Such a semiconductor may be part of a device, which may include any of a variety of devices and combinations thereof.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 4, 2006
    Date of Patent: September 29, 2009
    Assignee: President and Fellows of Harvard College
    Inventors: Charles M. Lieber, Yi Cui, Xiangfeng Duan, Yu Huang
  • Scaffolds comprising nanoelectronic components for cells, tissues, and other applications
    Patent number: 10369255
    Abstract: The present invention generally relates to nanoscale wires and tissue engineering. In various embodiments, cell scaffolds for growing cells or tissues can be formed that include nanoscale wires that can be connected to electronic circuits extending externally of the cell scaffold. The nanoscale wires may form an integral part of cells or tissues grown from the cell scaffold, and can even be determined or controlled, e.g., using various electronic circuits. This approach allows for the creation of fundamentally new types of functionalized cells and tissues, due to the high degree of electronic control offered by the nanoscale wires and electronic circuits. Accordingly, such cell scaffolds can be used to grow cells or tissues which can be determined and/or controlled at very high resolutions, due to the presence of the nanoscale wires, and such cell scaffolds will find use in a wide variety of novel applications, including applications in tissue engineering, prosthetics, pacemakers, implants, or the like.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 21, 2016
    Date of Patent: August 6, 2019
    Assignees: President and Fellows of Harvard College, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Children's Medical Center Corporation
    Inventors: Charles M. Lieber, Jia Liu, Bozhi Tian, Tal Dvir, Robert S. Langer, Daniel S. Kohane
  • Nanoscale wire-based data storage
    Patent number: 8154002
    Abstract: The present invention generally relates to nanotechnology and submicroelectronic devices that can be used in circuitry and, in some cases, to nanoscale wires and other nanostructures able to encode data. One aspect of the invention provides a nanoscale wire or other nanostructure having a region that is electrically-polarizable, for example, a nanoscale wire may comprise a core and an electrically-polarizable shell. In some cases, the electrically-polarizable region is able to retain its polarization state in the absence of an external electric field. All, or only a portion, of the electricallypolarizable region may be polarized, for example, to encode one or more bits of data. In one set of embodiments, the electrically-polarizable region comprises a functional oxide or a ferroelectric oxide material, for example, BaTiO3, lead zirconium titanate, or the like.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 6, 2005
    Date of Patent: April 10, 2012
    Assignee: President and Fellows of Harvard College
    Inventors: Charles M. Lieber, Yue Wu, Hao Yan
  • NANOSCALE SENSORS FOR INTRACELLULAR AND OTHER APPLICATIONS
    Publication number: 20150137794
    Abstract: The present invention generally relates to nanoscale wires for use in sensors and other applications. In various embodiments, a probe comprising a nanotube (or other nanoscale wire) is provided that can be directly inserted into a cell to determine a property of the cell, e.g., an electrical property. In some cases, only the tip of the nanoscale wire is inserted into the cell; this tip may be very small relative to the cell, allowing for very precise study. In some aspects, the tip of the probe is held by a holding member positioned on a substrate, e.g., at an angle, which makes it easier for the probe to be inserted into the cell. The nanoscale wire may also be connected to electrodes and/or form part of a transistor, such that a property of the nanoscale wire, and thus of the cell, may be determined. Such probes may also be useful for studying other samples besides cells.
    Type: Application
    Filed: May 2, 2013
    Publication date: May 21, 2015
    Inventors: Charles M. Lieber, Ruixuan Gao, Steffen Strehle, Xiaojie Duan, Bozhi Tian, Itzhaq Cohen-Karni, Ping Xie, Quan Qing
  • Branched nanoscale wires
    Patent number: 8058640
    Abstract: The present invention generally relates to nanotechnology and, in particular, to branched nanoscale wires. In some cases, the branched nanoscale wires may be produced using vapor-phase and/or solution-phase synthesis. Branched nanoscale wires may be grown by depositing nanoparticles onto a nanoscale wire, and segments or “branches” can then be grown from the nanoparticles. The nanoscale wire may be any nanoscale wire, for example, a semiconductor nanoscale wire, a nanoscale wire having a core and a shell. The segments may be of the same, or of different materials, than the nanoscale wire, for example, semiconductor/metal, semiconductor/semiconductor. The junction between the segment and the nanoscale wire, in some cases, is epitaxial. In one embodiment, the nanoparticles are adsorbed onto the nanoscale wire by immobilizing a positively-charged entity, such as polylysine, to the nanoscale wire, and exposing it to the nanoparticles.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 11, 2007
    Date of Patent: November 15, 2011
    Assignee: President and Fellows of Harvard College
    Inventors: Charles M. Lieber, Bozhi Tian, Xiaocheng Jiang
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