Abstract: Phenylacetic acid derivatives of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen or ##STR2## wherein R.sup.5 is an alkyl group of 1-6 carbon atoms or an aryl group; R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are independently hydrogen or an alkyl group of 1-4 carbon atoms; R.sup.4 is hydrogen or an alkyl group of 1-4 carbon atoms, have been found to possess immunomodulating activity.

Abstract: There is provided an aroma composition containing 1,5,8,8-tetramethylbicyclo[8.1.0]undec-5-en-2-one. This sesquiterpene ketone has an aroma reminiscent of a variety of odors based on the strong powdery, woody note and furthermore has high diffusivity and retentivity and accords well with a number of perfume, fragrance and flavor materials.

Abstract: The reaction mixture obtained by oxidation of cyclohexane using a cobalt catalyst is extracted with water to remove undesirable oxidation products such as diacids, hydroxy acids, and cobalt catalyst. The resulting mixture is then hydrogenated using a fixed bed hydrogenation catalyst to convert cyclohexyl hydroperoxide to cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone.

Abstract: Novel 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors which are useful as antihypercholesterolemic agents are represented by the following structural formulae (I) and (II): ##STR1## are disclosed.

Abstract: Novel compounds which are 2,6-di-t-butylphenols substituted on the 4 position by an anilino group, which anilino group is substituted by a group which includes carboxyl, tetrazolyl or N-methyltetrazolyl are useful as inhibitors of leukotriene synthesis and as antiallergic agents. Pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds and pharmacological methods for use of such compounds are also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of (S)- or L-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)alanine (L-dopa) is described. The process utilizes water as reaction process solvent and proceeds via formation of an intermediate which can be kinetically resolved in a polar solvent to a precursor of the desired isomer and in which the undesired isomer can be efficiently racemized for reuse.

Abstract: The invention provides a phenylalanine derivative having the structural formula: ##STR1## and salts thereof. The derivatives and salts are useful for promoting the absorption of medicaments such as insulin.

Abstract: A process for preparing an optically active 2-substituted or unsubstituted-4-hydroxy-2-cyclopentenone of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is a hydrogen atom, an allyl group or a propargyl group, which comprises reacting the corresponding 2-substituted or unsubstituted-4-hydroxy-2-cyclopentenone of the formula: ##STR2## wherein R is defined above with a lactone chosen from (1R,5S)-6,6-dimethyl-4-hydroxy-3-oxabicyc lo[3.1.0]hexan-2-one or (1S,5R)-6,6-dimethyl-4-hydroxy-3-oxabicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-2-one in a molar ratio of 1.5 - 2:1 in the presence of p-toluenesulfonic acid or benzenesulfonic acid in the coexistence of an organic solvent under elimination of water as an azeotropic mixture with the organic solvent to obtain a reaction mixture comprising (1R,5S)-6,6-dimethyl-3-oxa-4(R)-[1(R)-4-oxo-2-substituted or unsubstituted-2-cyclopentenyloxy]bicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-2-one or (1S,5R)-6,6-dimethyl-3-oxa-4(S)-[1(S)-4-oxo-2-substituted or unsubstituted-2-cyclopentenyloxy]bicyclo[3.1.

Abstract: The production of a 4-lower alkyl or 4-phenyl ring-substituted phenyl lower alkyl ketone, e.g. 4-methylacetophenone, 4-ethylacetophenone or 4-phenylacetophenone, is carried out by reacting a lower alkyl- or phenyl-substituted benzene, e.g. toluene, ethylbenzene, or biphenyl, with a lower alkanoic acid, e.g. acetic acid, at an elevated temperature in the presence of a medium pore, pentasil-type molecular sieve, e.g. an H-ZSM-5 zeolite, a silicalite or an AMS-1B borosilicate, as catalyst.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of alkylthioacetamidines by the reaction of chloroacetonitrile with ammonium halide in the presence of a catalyst followed by reaction of the resultant chloroacetamidine with an alkyl mercaptan in the presence of an acid acceptor.

Abstract: A compound of formula IIR.sub.A CH.sub.2 COCHDR.sub.bin which formula:R.sub.A represents a group ArCR.sub.1 R.sub.2 -- in which Ar represents a phenyl or naphthyl group optionally substituted by one or more halogen, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, methylenedioxy or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl or haloalkyl groups;R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 together with the carbon to which they are attached jointly represent a C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 cycloalkyl group optionally substituted by one or more halogen atoms or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 cycloalkyl groups andR.sub.B represents the residue of an alcohol R.sub.B CHDOH in which D is hydrogen or cyano and of which the [IR, cis]2,2-dimethyl-3-(2,2-dibromovinyl)cyclopropane carboxylic ester is signficantly insecticidal.

Abstract: A 4-hydroxy-2-cyclopentenone represented by the following formula (I) ##STR1## wherein X represents a hydrogen or halogen atom, A represents a hydrogen atom and B represents a hydroxyl group, or A and B are bonded to each other to represent a bond, R.sup.1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom or a protective group for a hydroxyl group, provided that R.sup.2 is not a 2-octenyl, 8-acetoxy-2-octenyl or 2,5-octadienyl group. The compounds of formula (I) in which A is hydrogen and B is hydroxyl group are prepared by subjecting a 5-unsubstituted cyclopentenone and an aldehyde to aldol condensation reaction. The compounds of formula (I) in which A and B form a bond is prepared by subjecting the compounds of the formula (I) in which A is hydrogen and B is hydroxyl group to dehydration.

Abstract: Novel compounds which are 2,6-di-tertiary-butylphenols substituted in the 4 position by an acylaminophenyl group, which acylaminophenyl group is substituted by a moiety which includes a carboxyl group, are useful as inhibitors of leukotriene biosynthesis and as antiallergic agents.

Abstract: This invention relates to antitumor compositions, and a method for inhibiting, remitting or controlling the growth of tumors or tumor cells utilizing antitumor compositions. More particularly, the antitumor compositions comprise, as active ingredient, an antitumor effective amount of halogenated chamigrenes extracted and derived from red alga and sea hares which diet upon red alga.

Abstract: 4-oxa-aldehydes are prepared by catalytic isomerization of a 1,3-dioxane using an acidic zeolite catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel specifically-substituted phenyl compounds, especially substituted di-tert-butyl phenol derivatives, which are effective as anti-inflammatory, analgesic and/or antipyretic agents. These phenyl compounds are substituted with a low molecular weight alkyl chain which terminates in a specific unsaturated functional group. These unsaturated functionalities are --C.tbd.CH, C.dbd.CH.sub.2, C.dbd.C.dbd.CH.sub.2, and aldehydes in the form of their acetals.The present invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions which contain an anti-inflammatory agent of the present invention and a pharmaceutically-acceptable carrier.Finally, the present invention relates to methods for treating diseases characterized by inflammation, such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, in humans or lower animals.

Abstract: Ortho-aminomethylphenol compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein X is hydrogen or halogen, R is hydrogen or alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and A is alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, phenyl, benzyl or a bivalent radical selected from --(CH.sub.2).sub.3 -- and --O(CH.sub.2).sub.2 -- and joined together with the 3 or 5 position of the benzene nucleus to form a bicycle, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, a method of preparing said compounds and a pharmaceutical composition containing said compounds, are disclosed.Such compounds exhibit antiinflammatory, analgesic, diuretic and antihypertensive activities, so they are useful in the treatment for diseases caused by inflammation, edema or hypertension.

Abstract: A novel process is described for the production of aliphatic ketones and an optional consequetive production of the corresponding carbinols. The starting reactants comprise ketones or aldehydes or compounds capable of converting to these in situ, such as alcohols. The reaction takes place in the presence of hydrogen in a selective temperature range, utilizing a catalyst comprising copper oxide.

Abstract: Methylol ketones are produced by reacting a ketone with an aldehyde in the presence of a tertiary amine catalyst. The resulting polyols undergo the reactions common to beta hydroxy ketones, specifically, condensation reactions and substitution reactions involving the hydroxyl functionality; and addition reactions involving the carbonyl group. Each polyol molecule of the invention has from one to six hydroxyl groups in the beta position relative to the carbonyl group. The polyols are further characterized by complete water solubility and compatibility with a wide range of polymers, rendering these polyols useful as extenders and co-reactants.

Abstract: A process is provided for preparing 3-hydroxy-3-phenyl-butan-2-one, useful in the preparation of acifran, in high yields by reacting 2,3-butanedione with the appropriate Grignard reagent at low temperature in tetrahydrofuran or admixtures thereof with toluene.