Abstract: Process for providing foundations and/or reinforcing the ground under buildings and other suitable constructions such as road embankments, by taking out soil and replacing it with a lighter material, which is known as laying compensating foundations. From a number of points over the area where it is intended to reinforce the ground, a plurality of holes is drilled in the soil material or is made by some other expedient soil-removing method, extending in the desired directions, in such a way that soil material is left between the holes. The soil material removed from the holes which have been made is replaced with a plastic material or some other suitable replacement material with a lower density than the removed soil material, whereby the stress diagram which the soil material bears over the actual area is obtained.

Abstract: The invention relates to a chromatographic column for separating antigen-antibody complexes from the free antigens not bonded to the antibodies and/or for complete bonding of all marked substances in the immunological determination of antigens or haptens by radio-immunological, luminescence-immunological, fluorescence-immunological or enzyme-immunological determination methods in which a crepe-like tightly rolled filter paper of high degree of purity, in particular of regenerate cellulose, is pressed into a water-proof and water-tight envelope as nonpolar column material. According to the invention the chromatographic upright column comprises an upper reaction portion chargeable from above and a lower separation and measuring portion which are separated from each other by a perforable bottom, the column being fastened from below on the perforable bottom of the column.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and to apparatus for attenuating externally originating noise reaching the eardrum while still enabling communication via an electro-acoustic path. Apparatus according to the invention comprises passive attenuation means disposed about each ear and delimiting a cavity (10). In addition it includes active attenuation means comprising a loudspeaker (6) placed inside the cavity (10) and a microphone (8) placed in the external ear duct or at the inlet thereto, said loudspeaker and microphone being interconnected by a constant gain amplifier (11) and an active analog filter (12) of the polynomial type, with the passive components thereof being designed to provide a given transfer function. One application lies in the construction of protective headsets fitted with incorporated loudspeakers enabling electro-acoustic communication.

Abstract: A control valve for use in a fuel injection system of an engine comprises a valve member of plate like form and movable in an inlet chamber between a first seating and a second seating on opposite sides of the valve member. The first sealing is smaller in diameter than the second seating and surrounds a spill flow passage. The inlet chamber connects in use with the pump chamber of a fuel pump. When the valve member is in contact with the second seating a control chamber is formed which is connected by a restricted passage to the pump chamber. Flow of liquid from the control chamber is controlled by a valve element which is movable by an actuator and which conveniently controls flow through an opening in the valve member. In the closed position of the valve member it engages the first seating and the opening is closed by the element.

Abstract: A metal stripping system and an operation process therefor which includes the following elements and steps. A main part of this system is a crystallization apparatus for metal stripping comprising a mixing zone of organic solvent and fluoride series stripping solution, a settling zone for organic solvent, a settling zone for stripping solution, a separation zone for fluorinated metal complex crystal and a stripping solution cooling zone. In the operation of the system wherein the organic solvent containing extracted metal ions is contacted with the fluoride series stripping solution to deposit the fluorinated metal complex crystal and then the crystal is recovered as metal or metal oxide, the stripping solution is circularly used by supplying NH.sub.4 HF.sub.

Abstract: The invention disclosed provides an effective and comprehensively economic method of cooling the continuous shielding wire fed to the welding rollers of a machine for seam-welding discrete lengths of tube, inasmuch as the wire does not merely pass between the cooled mill rolls but is wrapped around each one to the point of subtending an angle greater than 180.degree..

Abstract: An insect trap containing a frame provided with an insect-holding adhesive substance and capable of being placed in a desired position. The trap allows insects to be trapped effectively. The frame is transparent, at least to a certain degree, and exhibits a part which permits the installation of the trap in a desired position, for example, in a window on its glass.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of manufacturing a high-strength steel sheet by annealing the steel sheet after cold rolling. In order to obtain the low-yield ratio, high-strength steel sheet having high strength and good ductility, resistance to secondary cold-work embrittlement and spot weldability at low cost, the steel sheet containing 0.03-0.15% of P and specified amounts of C, Mn and Al as basic components and optionally containing, as a selective component, at least one element selected from a group of Si, Cr, Mo and B and a group of Nb, Ti, and V in such amounts as to meet the relation formula restricting the total content of Mn, Si, P, Cr and Mo is subjected to annealing under the conditions that the sheet is heated at a temperature of from Ac.sub.1 transformation point to 950.degree. C. for from 10 seconds to 10 minutes and cooled in such a control manner that an average cooling rate between 600.degree. C. and 300.degree. C.

Abstract: The breast prosthesis consists of an elastically deformable envelope filled at least partly with an inert flowable mass. The shape of said envelope imitates that of the breast and its sidewall, facing the thorax, has a concave form. The prosthesis is provided with at least one transverse through-duct open at its ends, in which is located a non-return valve allowing air to flow only from the inside outwards.

Abstract: This invention relates to a machine for constructing structures composed of several superposed layers of embankment mixed with a hydraulic binder, machine comprising a self-propelled chassis bearing two vibrating rammers: a first inclined rammer which compacts the slope of each layer and a second horizontal rammer which, at the same time, compacts a horizontal strip of said layer lying along the upper edge of the slope.

Abstract: A device for hauling in or paying out a fishing line carrying leaders fitted with fastenings in the form of pairs of loops through which the master line passes, includes moving leader storage units each comprising firstly a rectilinear tubular guide along the inside of which said master line passes while being hauled in or paid out, and along which the large loops of said fastenings slide either externally or internally, and secondly a rectilinear rail running parallel to said tubular guide and at a distance therefrom which is less than the length of said leaders and over which the hooks fitted to said leaders slide.

Abstract: A sensing device for use in an internal combustion engine to sense combustion of fuel in a combustion chamber of the engine includes a tubular body part in which is located a radiation conductive element one end of which is exposed to the combustion chamber in use. On the other end of the element is a sensor which in use is connected in an electrical circuit. The sensor is responsive to radiation transmitted along the element from the flame in the combustion chamber. The element is held in a bore of the body part by a visco-elastic lining which also provides a gas tight seal and acts to cushion the element against vibration.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an arrangement (1) for a valve assembly which acts with a movable valve body (4), such as a piston, for the purpose of feeding a liquid in a liquid jet printer, the valve assembly including a valve seat (5) which extends around a liquid discharge opening (6) and interacts with said valve body to form a seal. The invention permits, amongst other things, the simple production of components parts of the valve assembly, and also permits the accurate feeding of liquid from the liquid jet printer. Said valve seat (5) is made of a flexible material (5A) capable of interacting with the moving valve body (4).

Abstract: A procedure that, with the help of at least one sealing nozzle (7) and at least one covering and stripping plate (10), permits the defect-free and bubble free filling of panes of insulating glass (1) with a paste-like sealing mass, even in the corner areas, is described.

Abstract: A drive circuit for an inductive load includes a switching device connected in series with the load and controlled by a constant frequency oscillator. The mark/space ratio of the signal supplied to the switching device by the oscillator can be varied in accordance with the output of a comparator 18 which compares the measured instantaneous value of the current flowing in the load with a calculated value of the current.

Abstract: A hot rolling method using a hot finishing mill including a pair of work rolls each having a taper ground end at one end of its barrel and arranged one above the other with the taper ground ends being on opposite sides so as to locate both edges of a plate-like material to be rolled in respective zones of the taper ground ends. Work rolls are cyclically shifted in their axial direction within a range so as not to permit the both edges of the material to come out of the taper ground ends of the work rolls, thereby preventing edge built-ups of the material and simultaneously effecting crown-controlling of the rolled material. The work rolls are finely shifted and simultaneously a bending action is applied to the work rolls in a manner to eliminate a bending action acting upon the work rolls caused by the material being rolled by the work rolls.

Abstract: Problems connected with control of the worktable in automatic gear cutting machinery are overcome by adoption of a drive system incorporating two speed reductions, the first of which a worm and wheel, the second consisting in a cylindrical gear pair with parallel shafts, one of the two members of which is backlash-compensating and split into two coaxial sections; the larger of the two cylindrical gears turns as one with the worktable.

Abstract: A cold-rolled steel sheet for deep drawing having an improved bake hardenability is disclosed, which comprises 0.005-0.015 wt% of C, not more than 1.0 wt% of Si, not more than 1.0 wt% of Mn, not more than 0.15 wt% of P, 0.0005-0.10 wt% of Al, not more than 0.003 wt% of S and not more than 0.004 wt% of N provided that S+N is not more than 0.005 wt%, and Ti satisfying 1.ltoreq.Ti*/C.ltoreq.20, in which Ti* (%)=Ti(%)-48/14N(%)-48/32S(%). Such a cold-rolled steel sheet is obtained by continuously annealing the steel sheet after the cold rolling, provided that a residence time over a temperature region above recrystallization temperature is within 300 seconds.

Abstract: A rod-piston connection uses a split ring, having two or more segments, provided with a plurality of shallow internal grooves which are adapted to mate with a corresponding plurality of shallow grooves on the piston rod, the outer periphery of the split ring having a tapered surface extending over the entire width of th split ring and adapted to mate with a corresponding wide tapered surface defined in a bore of a compression bushing which has a peripheral surface provided with threads which engage with an internal threaded surface in a cavity in the pistion. By applying a threading torque to the compression sleeve, a force is generated by the two tapered surfaces to force the compression sleeve into better contact with the pistion and to force the split ring into a better contact with the piston rod.

Abstract: A gasoline injector for an internal combustion engine has an orifice plate in which is formed a pair of outlet orifices through which when a valve means of the injector is operated, flow two jets of gasoline. The jets are directed within an outlet and strike a surface of a deflector member which deflects the jets before they break up to form a spray. The orifice and the surface can be arranged to form a single spray or separate sprays.