Abstract: A method and device for estimating magnetic flux in an electromagnetic actuator for controlling an engine valve, whereby the actuating body, made at least partly of ferromagnetic material, is moved towards at least one electromagnet by the force of magnetic attraction generated by the electromagnet; and the value of the magnetic flux through a magnetic circuit defined by the electromagnet and by the actuating body is estimated by measuring the values assumed by various electric quantities of an electric circuit connected to the magnetic circuit, calculating the time derivative of the magnetic flux as a linear combination of the values of the electric quantities, and integrating in time the derivative of the magnetic flux.

Abstract: An operating device for window openers, screening arrangement and similar devices comprising an operating rod (6) with a hook-shaped operating elements (5) in its end and a rotatable coupling element (3) connected to said window opener or screening arrangement and having the form of an essentially annular eye with an aperture (8) with an area which is considerably larger than the cross-section of the hook-shaped operating element (5) such that at the insertion of the hook-shaped operating element in said aperture, the coupling element can be turned by means of the operating rod while simultaneously pulling the coupling element, where the annular eye in connection with said aperture (8) comprises a narrowed additional aperture (10) which, at least upon reception of the hook-shaped operating element as a result of said pull, encircles the operating element relatively closely.

Abstract: An apparatus for advancing and uniting first and second components into respective single items, includes a first conveyor for supplying the first components in a series; a feeding device for supplying the second components in a series; a second conveyor adjoining the discharge end of the first conveyor; a plurality of first carriers mounted on the second conveyor for receiving a respective first component from the first conveyor at the discharge end thereof; and a plurality of second carriers mounted on the second conveyor for receiving a respective second component from the feeding device. The second carriers are in alignment with the respective first carriers for advancing the respective first components and the respective second components together and in alignment with one another; and a device for uniting a first component with a respective second component during advancement of the first and second components by the second conveyor.

Abstract: A window, in particular for mounting in an inclined roof surface, comprising a frame structure and a relative thereto openable sash structure with an insulating pane (6), the frame and the sash structures comprising top, bottom and side members (21-24) in the form of solid profiles which are for the major part made from a thermally well insulating material. For providing a good heat-transmission from the interior side of the sash structure to border areas of the insulating pane a passive heat bridge has been established at least in the areas (30, 31) around the corners of the sash bottom member (21) and the adjacent side members (24), said heat bridge being of a well heat-conducting material and established in connection with or through said bottom and side members (23, 24) of the sash structure.

Abstract: Method and device for estimating the position of an actuator body in an electromagnetic actuator to control a valve of an engine, according to which the actuator body, which is at least partly made of ferromagnetic material, is displaced towards at least one electromagnet, by the effect of the force of electromagnetic attraction generated by the electromagnet itself; the position of the actuator body relative to the electromagnet is determined on the basis of the value assumed by the reluctance of a magnetic circuit constituted by the electromagnet and by the actuator body.

Abstract: A series of successive filled and closed containers for filter rod sections or other products of the tobacco processing industry is advanced stepwise along a horizontal path. When the foremost container of the series reaches a given portion of the path, it is moved forwardly and away from the next-following container into the cage of an elevator. The foremost container is opened while in or at the cage, and the cage is thereupon lifted to a level at which the opened container therein can be tilted to dump its contents into a chute, a magazine of the like. The thus emptied container is thereupon tilted back to its original orientation and is transported away to a dump, to a recycling station or to a refilling station. All of the above-enumerated undertakings are carried out automatically. The next-following container, i.e., the foremost container of the remainder of the series, is thereupon manipulated in the same way as the aforementioned foremost container, and so forth.

Abstract: A support apparatus for an animal has a frame for suspending an animal for hanging, gutting, cleaning and/or storage. At least one prong member is connected to the frame and has at least one hook extending from it. The prong member is movable between an animal supporting position and an animal releasing position. A securing mechanism releasably secures the prong member in the animal supporting position until the hanging, gutting, cleaning and/or storage and any additional processing is completed, after which the prong member is free to fall to the release position and the animal is released from the support.

Abstract: An apparatus for charging containers includes a first conveyor for advancing items; a second conveyor for continuously advancing containers; a charging device including first and second chutes each having an inlet adjoining the discharge end of the first conveyor and an outlet positioned above the second conveyor. The first and second chutes adjoin one another in a direction parallel to the conveying direction of the second conveyor. A drive shifts the charging device and the discharge end of the first conveyor relative to one another for selectively aligning the inlet of the first chute or the inlet of the second chute with the discharge end for selectively introducing items from the first conveyor into the first or second chute. A sensor detects items advanced on the first conveyor. A control device is connected to the sensor and the drive for operating the drive based on the sensor signals.

Abstract: An optical multiplexing/demultiplexing device with variable branching ratio is disclosed. The device includes a first collimator lens assembly having a first collimator lens 14, and first and second optical fibers F1 and F2 which have distal ends thereof optically coupled to the lens, and are away from each other by a distance “d,” an optical axis of the lens being positioned at a midpoint therebetween, a second collimator lens assembly having a second collimator lens 15 and a third optical fiber F3 which has a distal end thereof optically coupled to the lens, being away from an optical axis of the lens by a distance “d/2” and reflection mirror means. The reflection mirror means reflects and couples a part or all of a parallel beam of an expanded mode field area, which is emitted from the first optical fiber and formed on a reference plane, to the second optical fiber, or transmits and connects all or a part of the parallel beam to the third optical fiber.

Abstract: An apparatus for sealing a wrapper sleeve includes a first peripheral surface rotating about a first axis and having a generatrix parallel to and at a maximum distance from, the first axis and a radius of curvature smaller throughout the circumferential surface length than the maximum distance. A second peripheral surface rotates about a second axis oriented parallel to the first axis. The first and second peripheral surfaces define a line of contact with the wrapper sleeve therebetween. The first and second surfaces rotate in synchronism and roll on one another effecting sealing of the wrapper sleeve as the wrapper sleeve is advanced. A device displaces the first axis relative to the second axis in a direction transverse to the advancing direction of the wrapper sleeve for effecting displacement of the line of contact in the advancing direction as the first and second surfaces rotate.

Abstract: A support for a window screening device includes a first pair of bracket members (6) for mounting on each of a pair of opposed parallel frame surfaces (2) engageable by the screening device. Each bracket member includes a relatively flat front part protruding from the frame surface and having a substantially smooth external surface, and the engaging mechanism (11-12; 111-112; 33-34) is provided by each coupling member (7; 107; 207; 307; 36) and includes a first engaging mechanism in the form of at least one contact surface on the coupling member engaging a circumferential surface part of a bracket member to provide temporary engagement therewith and non-resilient second engaging mechanism providing stable engagement of the coupling member with respect to the frame structure.

Abstract: A machine tool comprises a bed 1 having longitudinal guiding tracks 7, 7 on upper faces of right and left side parts 4, 4 respectively, a cutting unit 2 hung and supported by the guiding tracks 7, 7, moving in a longitudinal direction, and having a cutting part at its front, and a work fixing table 3 integrally attached on the bed 1, cover faces provided between the cutting unit 2 and the work fixing table 3 to surround an upper face as well as right and left side faces of the cutting part 2, and a cover device 14 forming a working space with only the bottom open relative to the cover faces, the work fixing table 3 and the cutting unit 2, wherein right and left side faces “d”, “d” of the cover faces hang below the guiding tracks 7, 7 inside the right and left side parts 4, 4 of the bed 1.

Abstract: The application of adhesive to selected non-perforated sections of one side of a running web of tipping paper in a filter cigarette making machine is carried out in such a way that the adhesive is invariably applied only to the non-perforated sections which alternate with perforated sections. To this end, the speed of advancement of the web along its path past an adhesive applicator and thereupon through a severing unit (which subdivides the web into a file of successive uniting bands to be wrapped around filter mouthpieces and plain cigarettes) is temporarily altered when a comparison of first signals denoting detection of successive perforated sections of the running web with second signals denoting the frequency of severing of the web in the severing unit indicates the need for a temporary change of the speed of the web upstream of the adhesive applicator. The latter is installed at a fixed distance from the severing unit.

Abstract: A robot for handling products in a three-dimensional space is described. The robot comprises a base (1) on which three arms (9) are pivotably supported to pivote around three pivote axes (3) arranged in a common axes plane (4). The three axes form a triangle with three corners. Each arm is mounted on a shaft (2) of a servo motor (6). All motors (6) are connected to a controller (8). Three connecting linkages (19) connect the free ends of the arms (9) to a carrier (22) which is movable in space in all three linear dimensions and prevented from rotation around all three rotative dimensions. A telescopic fourth linkage (43) connects a gripper (30) rotatably supported on the carrier (22) by two joints (42, 46) with a fourth serve motor (48) fixed to the base (1). In the axes plane (4) the base has an opening (52) through which the fourth linkage (43) extends. The upper joint (46) of the fourth linkage (43) is on an opposite side of the axes plane (4) than the carrier (22).

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide an iris code generating device and iris identifying system capable of sensing when a third party is pretending to be another person and capable of preventing crimes before they happen. In order to achieve the aforementioned object, the present invention photographs an eye of a subject while causing biogenic reactions to occur in the eye of the subject an determines whether or not the biogenic responses happen as intended from the photographed image of an eye. In this way the present invention determines whether or not the image of an eye is a living thing and determines whether or not the structural components of the system such as photographing means and image processing means etc. are genuine.

Abstract: An apparatus for increasing the permeability of tubular wrappers of a succession of cigarettes by at least one pulsed beam of coherent radiation issuing from a laser has a hollow drum-shaped conveyor cooperating with a rolling member to define an arcuate channel wherein successive cigarettes roll while advancing sideways past a perforating station. Each beam of coherent radiation is generated in or is caused to enter the interior of the conveyor prior to being influenced by one or more deflecting and/or focussing elements to be propagated substantially radially and through an opening of the hollow conveyor and to impinge upon the wrapper of a cigarette rolling at the perforating station.

Abstract: A method for producing a roll from printed products in a winding operation includes winding the printed products with winding tape onto a winding core; driving a winding rug with a first drive, wherein the winding rug is arranged on the underside of the winding core and fitted against the winding core for rotating the winding core; driving a winding tape supply with a second drive, wherein the winding tape is unwound from the winding tape supply; and maintaining a predetermined tape tension during the winding operation. Maintaining the predetermined tape tension includes measuring speed and distance with measurement devices at the first and second drives to obtain measured values, computing the diameter of the winding tape supply with the measured values, and regulating a rotational moment with the computed diameter of the winding tape supply to maintain the tension.

Abstract: A door or window operator includes a motor-driven double-chain operator with two chain members in a substantially closed operator housing separately in engagement with a rotating drive member and joined in a back-to-back arrangement. The chain members include links having hinge parts with parallel rotational axes oriented transversely to the direction of propagation of the chain member for engagement with neighboring chain links in the same chain member and having a back surface provided with zip engagement members for engaging corresponding engagement members on the back surfaces of adjacent links in the other chain member for securing the chain members in the joined operator member against displacement transversely to the opening/closing direction. The chain members allow a mutual displacement between neighboring links in the direction of the rotational axes and the separate chain paths extend only in a part of the housing in a plane common with the outlet openings.

Abstract: A machine tool capable of reducing the vibration of a spindle head to enable a high-precision machining, wherein a column (2) is mounted fixedly onto a bed (1), a first saddle (4) forming a square frame body of rectangular cross-section is mounted on the column (2) movably in vertical direction (f1), a second saddle (6) forming a square frame body (6a) smaller in size than the above square frame body is mounted inside the first saddle (4) movably in lateral direction (f2), a horizontal guide frame (6b) of a specified length is mounted on the rear surface of the square frame body (6a) of the second saddle (6) in the state of being crossed at right angle to the rear surface, rail members (5, 7) are laid down on square frame body upper and lower prismatic bodies (4b, 4c) of the first saddle (4) and the horizontal guide frame (6b) of the second saddle (6), and concrete is filled sealingly into the square frame body of the first saddle (4) and/or the square frame body of the second saddle (6) and the horizontal gu

Abstract: The filler of a cigarette rod has a tubular portion made of shredded tobacco and surrounding at least one row of spherical inserts made of aromatic material or aerosol. The tubular portion is made by feeding tobacco shreds against the underside of the horizontal lower reach of a foraminous conveyor belt advancing beneath a suction chamber to accumulate a first layer of shreds. The inserts are delivered to the underside of the first layer and are attracted thereto by suction. A second layer of shredded tobacco is assembled by showering shreds against the underside of the first layer where the second layer underlies the spherical inserts. The thus obtained filler is draped into a web of wrapping material to form a cigarette rod ready to be subdivided into sections of unit or multiple unit length. The spherical inserts are expelled from a revolving receptacle under the action of centrifugal force to form a row which is conveyed toward the underside of and advances with the first layer.