Abstract: Unleaded aviation gasolines having heats of combustion and octane qualities deemed necessary for use under actual service conditions are formed from blends of specified proportions of aviation alkylate, ether blending agent, a cyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl and optionally other appropriate hydrocarbons falling in the gasoline boiling range.

Abstract: Unleaded aviation gasolines of enhanced properties are described. They satisfy at least the octane and heat content specifications of ASTM D 910-90. Also described are unleaded aviation gasolines which satisfy all of the specifications of ASTM D 910-90. The fuels also prevent or at least inhibit exhaust valve recession or wear during use in aviation engines, especially those designed to operate on leaded aviation fuel. The fuels of the invention contain a cyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl compound. Preferably the fuels are made up of a blend of at least about 80% by volume of aviation alkylate gasoline, up to about 10% by volume of a gasoline-soluble dialkyl ether gasoline blending agent, from about 0.25 to about 0.

Abstract: Use of at least one friction modifier to reduce micropitting of a metal surface, which comprises lubricating the metal surface with a lubricant composition comprising the at least one friction modifier, wherein the at least one friction modifier is selected such that micropitting is reduced when the metal surface is so lubricated.

Abstract: Mannich reaction products are disclosed as additives for hydrocarbon fuels. The Mannich reaction products are added to a low sulfur content, middle-distillate, compression ignition fuels in an amount effective to improve the lubricity of the fuel, typically within the range of from about 10 to about 1000 parts of additive per million parts fuel (ppm w/w), and thereby reduce the wear occasioned upon the fuel pump. Compositions comprising a hydrocarbon fuel and the reaction product are also disclosed.

Abstract: There is disclosed a lubricating oil composition which contains from about 50 to 1000, preferably 50 to 500 parts per million of molybdenum from a molybdenum compound which is oil-soluble and substantially free of reactive sulfur, about 1,000 to 20,000, preferably 1,000 to 10,000 parts per million of a diarylamine and about 2,000 to 40,000 parts per million of a phenate. This combination of ingredients provides improved oxidation control and improved deposit control to the lubricating oil. The composition is particularly suited for use as a crankcase lubricant.

Abstract: Sulfurized phosphorous compounds, which are effective anti-wear, extreme pressure agents, may be formed without odor by reacting phosphorous compounds with other reactive sulfur sources, including elemental sulfur, before addition of polysulfides. The process of the present invention yields a lubricant additive package which is odor free or very low odor, thermally stable, and which contains polysulfides. Particularly useful embodiments of this invention include low odor gear lubricant additive packages.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition comprising:(a) a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity; and(b) a minor dispersant amount of a synergistic combination of an antioxidant-dispersant additive and a dispersant additive, said combination comprising:(i) a polyisobutylene succinimide; and(ii) an ethylene-propylene succinimide.

Abstract: A novel additive comprising a highly grafted, multi-functional olefin copolymer comprising a graft and amine-derivatized copolymer prepared from ethylene and at least one C.sub.3 to C.sub.23 alpha-monoolefin and, optionally, a polyene, wherein the copolymer of ethylene and at least one C.sub.3 to C.sub.23 alpha-monoolefin has grafted thereon from 0.3 to 0.75 carboxylic groups per 1000 number average molecular weight units of olefin copolymer and wherein the olefin copolymer has a number average molecular weight of between 20,000 and 150,000, and lubricating oil concentrates and compositions containing the same are provided.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel multi-functional fuel and lubricant additive that provides dispersancy properties as well as viscosity index improved credit, improved fuel economy and low temperature viscometric properties. The invention further relates to concentrates, fuel and lubricating oil compositions containing said additive.

Abstract: The concentrates comprise specified proportions of diluent oil, an organic sulfur-containing antiwear and/or extreme pressure agent, an ashless dispersant, a dimethyl ester of an aliphatic phosphonic acid in which the aliphatic group has an average in the range of about 12 to about 24 carbon atoms, and a 3-hydrocarbyl-2,5-diketopyrrolidine in which the hydrocarbyl group is an alkyl or alkenyl group having an average in the range of about 12 to about 30 carbon atoms. By using weight ratios of diketopyrrolidine to the dimethyl phosphonate of at least 3:1, the concentrate remains homogeneous at temperatures at least as low as 12.degree. C. When utilized as a top treat in gear oils formulated with conventional GL-4 and GL-5 gear additive packages substantial improvements in limited slip axle performance can be realized.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to substantially liquid, chlorine-free, sulfur-bridged phenols useful as antioxidants and more specifically to the preparation of a substantially liquid, chlorine-free, sulfur-bridged, hindered phenol compositions which are effective antioxidant(s) in lubricating oils without causing excessive copper corrosion. The invention also includes lubricating oils containing an antioxidant additive of the present invention, as well as a method of reducing oxidation in the lubricating oil used in a machine such as an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: This invention relates to low sulfur fuel compositions which exhibit improved lubricity compared to the low sulfur fuels alone. The low sulfur fuel compositions contain a middle distillate fuel having a sulfur content of 0.2% by weight or less, a carboxylic acid amide and at least one member selected from the group consisting of cold flow improvers, ashless dispersants, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A fuel composition comprising a spark-ignition fuel; a Mannich detergent; and a polybutene having a molecular weight distribution of 1.4 or less.

Abstract: The present invention relates to phosphorylated and/or boronated dispersants useful as thermal stability additives in distillate fuels, such as jet or diesel fuel, and fuel compositions containing said dispersants.

Abstract: Polymeric Mannich base condensates useful as fuel and lubricant additives. The polymeric Mannich base additives are the reaction products of poly (alpha-olefin/unsaturated acidic reactants) with Mannich base adducts of alkyl-substituted phenols condensed with aldehydes and amines.

Abstract: A continuous process for the preparation of linear, branched and star-polymers via anionic polymerization of acrylic monomers, linear, branched and star-polymers obtained by the process and lubricating oil compositions thereof.

Abstract: Low sulfur content fuel compositions containing additive compounds are described which exhibit improved lubricity. The additive compounds include a carboxylic acid substituted by at least one hydroxyl group, derivatives of the carboxylic acid substituted by at least one hydroxyl group, and an ester which is the reaction product of a carboxylic acid which does not contain any hydroxy-substitution in the acid backbone and an alkanolamine.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to substantially liquid, chlorine-free, sulfur-bridged phenols useful as antioxidants and more specifically to the preparation of a substantially liquid, chlorine-free, sulfur-bridged, hindered phenol compositions, using 1-propanol as the reaction solvent, which are effective antioxidant(s) in lubricating oils and liquid organic fuels without causing excessive copper corrosion and which exhibit improved elastomer seal compatibility. The invention also includes lubricating oils and liquid organic fuels containing an antioxidant additive of the present invention, as well as a method of reducing oxidation in the lubricating oil or liquid organic fuel used in a machine such as an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A reaction product of at least one C.sub.5 -C.sub.60 carboxylic acid and at least one amine selected from the group consisting of guanidine, aminoguanidine, urea, thioruea and the salts thereof is disclosed as an additive for hydrocarbon fuels. The reaction product is added to a fuel, such as gasoline, at levels of from about 5 pounds of reaction product per thousands barrels of fuel (PTB) to about 100 PTB to increase the lubricity of the fuel and thereby reduce the wear occasioned upon the fuel pump. A composition comprising a hydrocarbon fuel and the reaction product is also disclosed.

Abstract: Automatic transmission fluids are described which contain a dispersant having a nitrogen to phosphorus mass ratio between about 3:1 and about 10:1, and at least one friction modifier. The use of dispersants having a nitrogen to phosphorus mass ratio between about 3:1 and about 10:1 provides automatic transmission fluids which exhibit good anti-shudder properties as well as a higher mid-point torque, a higher static torque in shifting clutch applications and better frictional durability as compared to similar automatic transmission fluids which contain dispersants having a nitrogen to phosphorus mass ratio of less than 3:1.