Abstract: A method and system determines a pose of an object by comparing an input range image acquired of a scene including the input object to each of a set of reference range image of a reference object, such that each reference range images has an associated different pose, and the reference object is similar to the input object. Then, the pose associated with the reference range image which best matches the input range image is selected as the pose of the input object.

Abstract: A method for determining a pose of an object from a range image is presented. A distribution of poses for an object is determined from a model of the object. A set of reference poses is selected according to the distribution, such that more reference poses are selected for more probable poses than less probable poses. A reference image for each reference pose is generated, and the reference pose used to generate the reference image that best matches a range image including the object is assigned as the pose of the object.

Abstract: A method adapts a boosted classifier to new samples. A boosted classifier is trained using initial samples. The boosted classifier is a combination of weak classifiers. Each weak classifier of the boosted classifier is updated adaptively by adding contributions of new samples and deleting contributions old samples.

Abstract: A method filters an input image to produce an output image. A bilateral filter is composed of a spatial filter and a range filter. Pixel intensities in the input image are multiplied by each other to produce the set of power images, which approximate the application of the range filter. The spatial filter is applied to the set of power image to determine responses, and the responses are combined on a pixel-by-pixel basis to produce a bilaterally filtered output image.

Abstract: A computer implemented method filters input data with a kernel filter. A kernel filter is defined, and a set of unique filter coefficients for the kernel filter are determined. A linkage set is constructed for each unique filter coefficient such that the linkage set includes relative links to positions in the kernel filter that have identical filter coefficients, and in which each relative link is an inverse of the position of the unique filter coefficient. Each input data point is processed by multiply values on which the kernel filter is centered by each of the unique filter coefficients, and adding results of the multiplying to the corresponding output data points as referenced by the relative links.

Abstract: The embodiments of the invention provide an adaptive method for base station cooperation in a wireless network. In a multi-user communications network that includes base stations, and in which each base station is associated with a cell, and in which each cell includes one or more mobile stations, each base station determines pre-coding matrices for full-cooperation, semi-cooperation and non-cooperation. Each base stations also determines a sum rate SRfull for full-cooperation, a sum rate SRsemi for semi-cooperation, and a sum rate SRnon for non-cooperation. Then, each base station selects the pre-coding for full-cooperation, the pre-coding matrices for semi cooperation, or the pre-coding matrices for non cooperation. Each base station transmits signals according to the selected pre-coding matrices.

Abstract: A system determines real-time locations of railcars in a railroad environment. Railcars are equipped with at least four RFID tags. A RFID reader at a fixed location at every track branch in the environment reads the RFID tags. Railcar locations are updated for the railcars by determining the branches on which the railcars are located.

Abstract: A method and system communicates cooperatively between base stations and mobile stations in a wireless cellular network. At least two mobile stations are detected in a handover region. A diversity set is established for each mobile station in the handover region. Each diversity set identifies at least two base stations that can communicate with the associated mobile station. The at least two base stations and the at least two mobile stations are combined into members of a cooperation set. A resource is allocated to selected members of the cooperative set. The selected members are notified of the allocated resource. Then, the selected base stations of the cooperation set communicate concurrently with the selected mobile stations using the same allocated resource.

Abstract: A method routs a packet from a source node, via relay nodes, to a destination node. The nodes are connected by wireless links x. A channel power gain ? is measured for each link x. Resource trade-off curves y=f(x) are constructed for each link x from the channel power gains ?, wherein y represents a set of resources. A hyperbolic upper bound h/x+c is fitted to each resource curve, such that h/x+c?f(x), wherein h is a scale factor, and c is an offset. A route with an optimal resource allocation is selected according to the hyperbolic upper bounds. Then, the packet is transmitted from the source node to the destination node using the route.

Abstract: A method filters pixels in a sequence of images. Each image in the sequence is partitioned into blocks of pixels, and the images are processed sequentially. The energy is determined for each block of pixels in each image. The energy of each block is based on variances of intensities of the pixels in the sequence of images. A 3D fuzzy filter is applied to each current pixel in each current block during the sequential processing. The 3D fuzzy filter considers the energy of the block, and the intensities of pixels spatially adjacent and temporally adjacent to the current pixel to remove blocking and ringing artifacts.

Abstract: A method generates a radio signal to be used for ranging. For each of one of multiple frames to be transmitted as a ranging symbol, a first time interval and a second time interval are allocated. The ranging symbol is then transmitted as a set of pulses in each of the frames only during the first time interval, and the second time interval has a length to reduces inter-frame interference.

Abstract: An acoustic tone at a predetermined frequency is detected after being reflected and modulated by an unknown moving object. Acoustic features are extracted from the reflected acoustic tone using acoustic spectral analysis. A dimensionality of the acoustic features is reduced, and the reduced dimensionality features are statistically classified to identify the object.

Abstract: A method estimates a delay in a time of arrival (TOA) of a transmitted signal by receiving the transmitted signal at multiple antennas via corresponding channels. Each received signal is correlated with the transmitted signal to obtain estimated channel coefficients and an estimated TOA. A variance of noise is also obtained for each received signal. A weight is determined for each received signal by dividing the channel coefficients by the variance of the noise. The weights are summed, and each weight is multiplied by the estimated TOA to produce a weighted estimated TOA, which are also summed. The summed weighted estimated TOA are divided by the summed weights to determine a final TOA estimate with respect to the transmitted signal.

Abstract: A method generates a distance field of an object, where the distance field includes a set of cells and the object includes a set of outlines. A processor is included for performing steps of the method. A first cell of the set of cells enclosing the object is determined. An outside reconstruction method is associated with the first cell. A set of boundary cells of the set of cells is determined, where each boundary cell encloses a portion of a particular outline in the set of outlines. A boundary reconstruction method is associated with each boundary cell. A final cell of the set of cells is determined enclosing the object. An inside reconstruction method is associated with the final cell. The outside and boundary reconstruction methods are used to determine combined distances, which are further processed by the inside reconstruction method to generate the distance field of the object.

Abstract: Protocols for OFDM/OFDMA/SC-FDMA based wireless networks provide adaptive inter-cell interference management without explicit spectrum or frequency planning. Base stations and mobile stations acquire information about subcarrier allocation from a handoff protocol. The mobile stations can also acquire this information using cognitive sensing. Cognitive sensing can be rewarded by the base station. Using this information, subcarriers can be allocated randomly, with blind optimization, or by joint optimization. The stations can use game theory to select among the different optimization strategies.

Abstract: A method detects an object left-behind in a scene by updating a set of background models using a sequence of images acquired of the scene by a camera. Each background model is updated at a different temporal scales ranging from short term to long term. A foreground mask is determined from each background model after the updating for a particular image of the sequence. A motion image is updated from the set of foreground masks. In the motion, image, each pixel has an associated evidence value. The evidence values are compared with a evidence threshold to detect and signal an object left behind in the scene.

Abstract: A method generates a distance map from an image including a set of pixels arranged in a Euclidian n-space. The set of pixels includes a subset of background pixels and a subset of foreground pixels. The distance map stores a distance value for every corresponding background pixel to a nearest foreground pixel. A set of scan lines having different directions are defined. The scanning of the set of pixels along each scan lines is performed by moving from a current pixel to a next pixel. The scanning of each scan line includes: making the next pixel the current pixel; initializing a counter to zero when the current pixel is one of the foreground pixels and the next pixel is one of the background pixels; incrementing the counter by one when the next pixel is one of the background pixels; and assigning the counter as the distance corresponding to the current pixel if the current pixel is one of the background pixels, and repeating beginning with the making step.

Abstract: An adaptive parallel proportional-integral-derivative controller produces a fixed controller output including a fixed proportional-integral-derivative and a fixed feedforward controller command, and an adaptive controller output including an adaptive parallel PID and an adaptive feedforward command all from a reference command. The fixed controller output and the adaptive controller output are added to produce a control command for a controlled system, which provides a measure of an output and a rate of change of the output as feedback for the controller.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transmitting a packet in a wireless communications network is presented. A packet is constructed to include synchronization header, a physical layer header, and a payload. A preamble and a start of frame delimiter are inserted in the synchronization header. Multiple fixed length ternary sequences are inserted in the start of frame delimiter in an arbitrary order, and then the packet is transmitted.

Abstract: A multi-user touch system includes a surface on which are a pattern of mounted antennas. A transmitter transmits uniquely identifiable signals to each antenna. Receivers are capacitively coupled to different users, the receivers are configured to receive the uniquely identifiable signals. A processor then associates a specific antenna with a particular user when multiple users simultaneously touch any of the antennas.