Abstract: Disclosed is a process for reducing the fouling in a heat exchanger in which a hydrocarbon stream is heated or cooled as it passes through the heat exchanger. From 1 to 500 parts per million of a saturated sulfoxide is added to the stream to reduce fouling.

Abstract: Disclosed is an oil-in-water micro-emulsion comprising 0.09 to 49.99 percent by mass oil, 50 to 99.9 percent by mass of water, and 0.01 to 10 mass percent of an antiwear agent.

Abstract: A water-permeable, grass-like sport surface is provided. The sport surface comprises a solid, porous, resilient base mat and a thermoplastic, synthetic fiber, grass-like mat placed over the base mat. The grass-like mat is prepared by tufting synthetic fibers into a water-permeable fabric to obtain a fabric having loops of the synthetic fibers on the fabric's bottom side and a grass-like pile on its top side, then placing on the loops on the bottom side of the fabric a water-permeable, heat-resistant membrane, composed of high melting-point fibers or a mixture of high melting-point fibers, followed by heating the membrane to fuse the synthetic fibers to the membrane.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 2,6-dialkylaniline which comprises the reaction of 1,3-dialkyl-5-tertiary-butylbenzene with molecular bromine to form 2-bromo-1,3-dialkyl-5-tertiary-butylbenzene, which is subsequently reacted with 1,3-dialkylbenzene in the presence of hydrogen fluoride to form a mixture of 2-bromo-1,3-dialkylbenzene and 1,3-dialkyl-5-tertiary-butylbenzene, which is then reacted with ammonia in the presence of a catalytic amount of cuprous halide.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 2,6-dialkylaniline which comprises the reaction of 1,3-dialkylbenzene with isobutene in the presence of a hydrogen fluoride catalyst to form 1,3-dialkyl-5-tertiary-butylbenzene, which is subsequently nitrated in the presence of a soluble mercuric salt catalyst to form 2-nitro-1,3-dialkyl-5-tertiary-butylbenzene, which is then catalytically hydrogenated to give 2,6-dialkyl-4-tertiary-butylaniline, followed by pyrolysis in the presence of a heterogeneous acidic catalyst.

Abstract: N-substituted-3-nitro-benzylamines have been found to be fungicidally effective, particularly against Tomato Early Blight and Bean Powdery Mildew.

Abstract: A hull heating system for an offshore production structure for use in arctic waters wherein the heat from the produced fluids is used to maintain the temperature of the outer surface of the structure above the melting temperature of the ice adjacent the structure.

Abstract: Improved processes for polymerizing C.sub.3 -C.sub.12 olefins (e.g. propylene) comprising polymerizing olefins in the presence of a solid phosphoric acid catalyst and an alkanol. As well as catalyzing the polymerization, the catalyst also catalyzes the decomposition of the alkanol into water and olefin. The water in turn replaces water lost from the catalyst during the polymerization thus maintaining a more constant phosphoric acid strength catalyst without subjecting said catalyst to excess liquid water and substantially improving overall polymerization conversions and catalyst life.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved process for retorting oil shale in a staged turbulent bed retort wherein the raw shale feed particles are classified and deaerated into first and second fractions, said first fraction containing substantially only shale particles above about 25 mesh. The first fraction is then preheated with hot shale fines in a dilute phase lift pipe prior to retorting.

Abstract: Sulfur cement-aggregate compositions such as sulfur cement concrete and mortars, comprising a sulfur cement and an aggregate and processes for preparing such products. The composition is characterized by the use of an expansive clay contaminated aggregate, which has been pretreated with a salt solution (e.g., KCl, CaCl.sub.2, etc.). The salt solution pretreatment substantially improves the water stability of the final sulfur cement and aggregate product.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for measuring Reid Vapor Pressure, as defined in ASTM D-323 procedure, of liquid hydrocarbon materials including a totally contained system having a sample preparation portion and a measurement portion. The method and apparatus is totally automated in preparing the apparatus for measurement and in performing the measurement.

Abstract: Sulfur cement-aggregate compositions comprising a sulfur cement and an aggregate containing an expansive clay and processes for preparing such adhesives. The processes, and resulting compositions, are characterized by adding a water soluble salt to the aggregate and then admixing said aggregate-salt mixture with molten sulfur cement. The resulting solidified composition has improved water stability.The compositions can be used as mortars or concretes depending on the particle sizes of the principal aggregate component.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for detecting leaks in fluid processing systems using sulfur hexafluoride as a tracer. Leak detection can be carried out with the processing system continuing in operation by using the apparatus according to the method of the invention, so that shutting down any part of the processing system in order to check for leakage can be avoided.

Abstract: 1,2,4-Trisubstituted-1,2,4-triazolidin-3,5-dithiones are prepared by the reaction of a 1,2,4-trisubstituted 1,2,4-triazolidin-3-one-5-thione and phosphorous pentasulfide in the liquid phase. The triazolidin-dithione compounds are useful as herbicides and plant-growth regulators.

Abstract: Novel N-haloacetylphenylamino carbonyl oximes represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein Ar is phenyl or substituted phenyl; R.sup.1 is halomethyl; R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each independently hydrogen, alkyl, phenyl, benzyl, substituted phenyl or benzyl, haloalkyl, cyanoalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, alkylthioalkyl or thiocyanoalkyl; R.sup.4 is hydrogen or alkyl; n is 0 or 1; m is 0 or 1; R is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkylthioalkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, cyanoalkyl, phenyl, benzyl, substituted phenyl or benzyl, or R is acyl of the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sup.5 is hydrogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, alkylthioalkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, acetonyl, or the group --NR'R" wherein R' and R" are independently hydrogen, alkyl or phenyl; with the proviso that R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 may be joined together to form a carbocyclic ring or a heterocyclic ring; or R and R.sup.2 may be joined together to form a heterocyclic ring; or R and R.sup.3 may be joined together to form a heterocyclic ring.

Abstract: An improved method and apparatus for bounce crimp texturizing thermoplastic yarn. The process and apparatus are characterized by a unique control system wherein either yarn thickness or a minute accumulation of the yarn discharged from the texturizer is sensed and the tension on the yarn controlled in response thereto so as to permit the yarn to issue from the texturizer in a loosely compacted tensionless state without significant intermediate yarn accumulation or piling prior to being continuously wound into packages.By eliminating substantial intermediate accumulation or piling of the yarn, the process and apparatus substantially reduce tangles, thereby reducing breakage and random crimpless lengths produced by the pulling on the yarn caused by these tangles.

Abstract: The present invention indicates that gas-containing strata of an earth formation have low Poisson's ratios and that the acoustic contrast with the overburden rock has a surprising effect as a function of the angle of incidence on a seismic wave associated with an array of sources and detectors: viz., a significant--and progressive--change in P-wave reflection coefficient as a function of the angle of incidence occurs. Thus, differentiating between high-intensity amplitude anomalies of nongas- and gas-containing media is simplified: progressive change in amplitude intensity of resulting traces generated by the field array as a function of offset between each source-detector pair, is associated with the last-mentioned medium only.

Abstract: A method for increasing the rate of weight gain and feeding efficiency of a ruminating animal which comprises including captan, captafol, folpet, or mixtures of these compounds, in the animal's roughage feed allotment in a weight-gaining-effective amount between 1 and 200 parts per million, based on the daily roughage feed allotment for the animal. Preferably the compound is captan, and preferably the amount of captan included in the roughage feed is below 150 ppm.

Abstract: A reactor for mixing fluid components at relatively low flow rates wherein the components have a very short reaction time. The reactor comprises a plurality of spaced-apart, flow-converging members for directing the flow of fluid components along the central axis of the reaction chamber. The reactor further includes a flow-deflecting element arranged downstream of each flow-converging member to divide and direct and the body of fluid flow at right angles from the central axis of the reaction chamber.

Abstract: A novel process for making 3-(N-arylamino)-gamma-butyrothiolactones from their corresponding butyrolactone analogs is disclosed. The thiolactone products are useful intermediates for making fungicidal compounds.