Abstract: An improvement in the alkylation of olefins with isoalkanes in the presence of sulfuric acid wherein the sulfuric acid is removed from the product by a mechanical coalescer means prior to fractionation. No water wash or caustic treatment is required. Any sulfonates or sulfonic esters are removed by hydrodesulfurization or decomposition catalyst in a separate reactor or in either the deisobutanizer (DIB) or debutanizer (DB) column.

Abstract: Some properties such as dart impact strength, hexane extractables and resin stickiness of a polyethylene copolymer produced in a gas phase polymerization using a Ziegler-Natta catalyst are better controlled by regulating the ratio of aluminum from the co-catalyst to the polymer production rate. This enables one to improve properties such as dart impact strength and reduce hexane extractables by changing the amount of co-catalyst fed into the reactor.

Abstract: An outermost surface covering not less than 55% of stainless steel, said surface having a thickness from 0.1 to 15 microns and being a spinel of the formula MnxCr3-xO4 wherein x is from 0.5 to 2 is not prone to coking and is suitable for hydrocarbyl reactions such as furnace tubes for cracking.

Abstract: Novel ethylene styrene interpolymers having atactic ES repeating units and an alternating structure substantially higher than that predicted using Bernoullian statistics may be prepared in the presence of a transition metal phosphinimine compound and an activator.

Abstract: A synthetic ember comprising refractory ceramic wool coated with about 0.10 wt. % to about 5.0 wt. % of an oxidation catalyst of Pt, Pd, Rh, Co, Mn and mixtures thereof for use in small pieces as embers in a gas-fired log set or fireplace. The refractory ceramic wool preferably has a surface area of from 20 to 200 square meters per gram and a density of 0.01 to 0.05 grams per cubic centimeter and the catalytic embers are less than one inch square. The synthetic embers increase heat recoverable at a given BTU from a flame, with reduced nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons and CO emissions and improved aesthetics.

Abstract: A two component catalyst activator comprises: 1) a Lewis acidic organoboron (or an orgonoaluminum) component; and 2) a component defined by the formula AOSO2R wherein A is a pseudo cationic group and R is a hydrocarbyl or substituted hydrocarbyl. The catalyst activator is used in combination with a transition metal catalyst for the polymerization of olefins. The catalyst activator provides improved catalyst activities. It is especially useful in solution polymerizations because of desirable solubility characteristics in comparison to the borate salts used in prior activators.

Abstract: A solution polymerization process using a phosphinimine catalyst and a boron activator is conducted at a temperature of about 170° C. or greater in the presence of trialkyl aluminum to produce polyethylene having a comparatively broad molecular weight distribution. The polyethylene product produced by the process of this invention is desirable because it can provide enhanced “processability” in comparison to polyethylene having a narrow molecular weight distribution. The process of this invention is advantageous in comparison to prior art processes for the preparation of “broad” polyethylene which use two polymerization reactors and/or more than one polymerization catalyst. The polymers produced by the process of this invention are potentially suitable for the preparation of plastic film. For example, a polyethylene according to this invention and having a density of about 0.

Abstract: In a steam cracking operation the formation of coke is a problem which needs to be overcome. While significant work has been done on decoking of furnaces little work has been done regarding transfer line exchangers. Coking of transfer line exchangers (TLE) may be reduced by injection of a solution containing at least one group 1 or 2 metal dichromate or dichromate and one or more of a group 1, 2 or 7 metal carbonate into the TLE.

Abstract: A method of operating a multi-phase downflow reactor so as to induce a pulsing flow regime is disclosed. The pulse may be induced by increasing the gas rate while maintaining the liquid rate until a pressure drop sufficient to induce the pulse flow is achieved. The method is particularly useful in the sulfuric acid catalyzed alkylation of olefins in a reactor packed with a stainless steel/polypropylene mesh.

Abstract: A process for producing methyl isobutyl ketone includes introducing acetone into a catalytic distillation. Some of the acetone is converted to mesityl oxide (‘MSO’), water and, optionally, diacetone alcohol (‘DAA’) and/or other by-products. A product stream comprising MSO, water, and, optionally, DAA, other by-products and/or unreacted acetone is withdrawn from the catalytic distillation zone. When the product stream includes DAA, other by-products and/or unreacted acetone, it is treated in a treatment zone to remove at least some of the DAA, other by-products and/or the unreacted acetone therefrom. The product stream and hydrogen are fed into a reaction zone in which MSO present in the product stream and hydrogen react to form methyl isobutyl ketone (‘MIBK’). A MIBK rich product stream is withdrawn from this reaction zone. Both a markup and clean copy of the substitute Abstract are attached to this amendment.

Abstract: Single site catalysts which contain a transition metal, a cyclopentadienyl may be activated with alumoxanes in the gas, solution or group-containing ligand, and a phosphinimine ligand slurry phase polymerization of olefin. Alumoxanes contain residual aluminum alkyls which may poison the catalysts. The residual aluminum alkyls may be bound and/or removed from the alumoxanes by treatment with carbohydrates such as cellulose, starch or sugar.

Abstract: Functional polymers containing hydroxyl groups as supports for use with catalysts can increase the activity of these catalysts which results in improved ethylene polymerization. The present invention seeks to provide catalysts with improved activity by incorporating 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) into the support of the catalyst.

Abstract: Non-Newtonian fluids, such as partially polymerized monomers or solutions of polymer in monomer may be pressure atomized below the surface of an immiscible continuous liquid phase to produce a dispersed phase having a uniform particle size distribution. A dual or customized size distribution can be obtained by imposing a controlled pressure pulsation on a flowing fluid upstream the atomizer inlet. Such dispersion may be further polymerized to produce a uniform or customized bead size product.

Abstract: A local protractive message on hold device, which contacts and interacts with a server, in order to receive from the server the audio programming and to install and alter the audio programming on the message on hold device. The device may interact with said server by any sort of electronic communication medium capable of transmitting digitized information as binary code or as binary code embedded in a text format based on ASCII. The local protractive device identifies itself to the server, then either the local device or the server checks specific areas within the storage system of the server to see if there are programming changes available for the local device. If there are no changes available in the storage system of the server; local device terminates its link to said server and then resumes normal operation.

Abstract: An ethylene styrene copolymer having isolated styrene monomer units separated by 5 or 6 methylene groups as determined by 13C-NMR may be polymerized in the presence of an activator and a transition metal catalyst containing a phosphinimine ligand.

Abstract: A supported catalyst for olefin polymerization comprises a combination of a sulfated metal oxide support, an aluminoxane and an organometallic complex of a group 4 metal. The sulfated metal oxide may be quickly and conveniently prepared by, for example, contacting the precursor metal oxide with a sulfuric acid. The supported catalyst of this invention is highly active for olefin polymerization in comparison to conventional catalysts which are prepared with non-sulfated supports.

Abstract: An improved selective hydrogenation process for removing acetylenic impurities such as vinyl acetylene, ethyl acetylene, propyl acetylene and acetylene in a steam cracked crude butadiene stream by selective hydrogenation is carried out in two steps. In the first step, the partial selective hydrogenation is carried out in a fixed bed with a copper-based catalyst to have the ratio of vinyl acetylene to ethyl acetylene in a range of from 0 to about 1, preferably from about 0.01 to 0.6, in the product stream. In the second step, the selective hydrogenation of the remaining C4 acetylenic impurities is carried out to completion in the catalytic distillation mode using a palladium promoted copper catalyst, an improved palladium catalyst or a combination of these two.

Abstract: A process for the dimerization of isobutene wherein tertiary butyl alcohol is used to enhance the selectivity of the catalyst to the dimer is disclosed wherein the tertiary butyl alcohol is removed from the diisobutene product by water wash. The water/TBA stream is then subjected to reextraction to remove the TBA for recycle to the dimerization reactor. The dimerization is preferably carried out in a reactor wherein the pressure is controlled to maintain the reaction mixture at is boiling point. Additional dimerization is carried out in a distillation column reactor that acts as a debutanizer to separate the unreacted isobutene form the product and the tertiary butyl alcohol.

Abstract: A supported catalyst for olefin polymerization comprises a combination of a novel metal oxide support and an activator which is an aluminoxane or a boron activator. The novel metal oxide support of this invention is a conventional particulate metal oxide support material (such as silica or alumina) which has been treated with a halosulfonic acid. A catalyst system which contains this novel catalyst support and a transition metal catalyst is highly active for olefin polymerization (in comparison to prior art catalyst systems which use a conventional metal oxide support).