Abstract: An organizer freely designates a purpose, forms a community, very easily and efficiently collects money from participants, and gives a gift. To accomplish this, a community gift system that, when giving a gift to a specified recipient, allows an organizer and participants to form a community and collect money in the community as a cost of gift giving, includes a generator that generates a community database including name data of the organizer and data of the recipient in response to access via a network from the organizer who plans the gift giving, and a storage unit that accepts payment of money via the network from a participant who has approved of the gift giving, and stores data of the paid money in the community database so that the money can be used as the cost of the gift giving.

Abstract: An integrated transmission apparatus includes a plurality of optical supervisory channel (OSC) processing units for processing OSC signals contained in a wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) signal received from a WDM network and a switching unit for performing the path control of synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) frames. An OSC processing unit transmits the SDH frame, containing wavelength information indicated by, to the switching unit. Another OSC processing unit acquires the SDH frame, containing wavelength information, from the switching unit and sets an OSC signal which is to be appended to the WDM signal to be transmitted, based on the wavelength information.

Abstract: Provided are an ultrafast magnetic recording element and a nonvolatile magnetic random access memory using the same. The magnetic recording element includes a read electrode, a magnetic pinned layer formed on the read electrode, and an insulating layer or a conductive layer formed on the magnetic pinned layer. The magnetic recording element includes a magnetic free layer formed on the insulating layer or the conductive layer, in which a magnetic vortex is formed, and a plurality of drive electrodes applying a current or magnetic field to the magnetic free layer. According to the magnetic recording elements, the magnetic recording element with a simple structure can be realized using a magnetic layer with a magnetic vortex formed, and the magnetic recording element can be accurately driven with low power using a plurality of drive electrodes.

Abstract: Provided are a dipole tag antenna using an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) for wireless identification and a wireless identification system using the dipole tag antenna. The dipole tag antenna includes: a substrate formed of a first dielectric material; a conductive ground layer formed underneath the substrate; an AMC layer formed on the substrate; the dipole tag antenna mounted on the AMC layer and comprising a wireless identification chip; and the AMC directly mounted on a conductor.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for transceiving an asymmetric point-to-point moving signal and securing an uplink channel using a horizontal blanking interval (HBI) in which a video signal transceiving apparatus can combine a plurality of HBIs and a plurality of active lines (ALs) into a single section, and when auxiliary data exists in a corresponding HBI, can change an order of the HBI to the last and transmit map information including arrangement information to a video signal display apparatus, and the video signal display apparatus can receive the map information and analyze the received map information to thereby acquire an uplink channel using HBI excluding auxiliary data and transmit control signal data via the acquired uplink channel.

Abstract: The step support (17) or plate support comprises a rear crossmember (22) and a front crossmember (24) which together form a plane (E3) for receiving the tread element (9). There are two outer step cheeks (20.1, 20.2), wherein one of the step cheeks (20.1) is arranged on the right and one of the step cheeks (20.2) is arranged on the left, substantially perpendicular with respect to the crossmembers (22, 24). The two crossmembers (22, 24) are manufactured from deep-drawing sheet metal and are welded or joined or riveted or screwed or adhesively bonded or clinched to the step cheeks (20.1, 20.2) or plate cheeks to form a load-hearing frame. The height (H2) of the crossmembers (22, 24) at its ends is smaller than the height (H3) of the crossmembers (22, 24) in the center, with the result that the crossmembers (22, 24) have a curved shape.

Abstract: An equalizer circuit receives digital amplitude data A[N] which represents the amplitude level of the N-th (N is a nonnegative integer) signal to be transmitted via a transmission line and timing data T[N] which represents the cycle of the signal, and performs waveform shaping. The equalizer circuit includes: M (M is an integer) calculation units ECU1 through ECUm; and an adder ADD1 which adds the output data of the M calculation units ECU1 through ECUM and the amplitude data A[N] together so as to generate equalized amplitude data D[N]. A step response waveform RSTEP(t) for the transmission line is approximated by Expression RSTEP(t)=SSTEP(t)·(1?Sj=1:M fj(t)) using M (M is an integer of 2 or more) functions fj(t) (1?j?M) and a step waveform SSTEP(t) with the time t as an argument. The representative value of the function fj(t) in a range between T1 and T2 is represented by a function gj(T1, T2).

Abstract: A quadrature amplitude modulator is provided. An oscillator generates an in-phase carrier signal having a rectangular wave, a trapezoidal wave or a waveform similar to these, and a quadrature carrier signal, the phase of which is shifted by ¼ cycle relative to the in-phase carrier signal. A multi-level driver generates an in-phase modulated signal by amplitude modulating the in-phase carrier signal with an analog in-phase baseband signal having a discrete voltage level or current level in accordance with the in-phase baseband data. Likewise, the multi-level driver generates a quadrature modulated signal by amplitude modulating the quadrature carrier signal with an analog quadrature baseband signal having a discrete voltage level or current level in accordance with the quadrature baseband data The multi-level driver generates a modulated signal, the amplitude of which takes a discrete level, by combining the modulated signals together.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a driving device for a backlight with a plurality of LED units. The driving device can include a control module for controlling output voltage of the driving device; a light modulation module for adjusting overall current of the backlight; and a current regulating module for obtaining signals for adjusting individual current of each LED unit and adjusting the individual current of each LED unit according to the signals.

Abstract: A well tubing valve including a substantially tubular body connected in a tubular string and a rotational valve member having at least one aperture. The valve member is a sleeve having a part spherical surface, is rotationally moveable relative to the body to align and misalign the at least one aperture in the valve member with a port in the body. The valve member is actuable to rotate relative to the body in a single direction, and moves from the open position to a closed position and back by rotation in the same sense. The valve also includes a sealing arrangement adapted to provide a metal seal that is biased to seal against the part spherical surface.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound of formula 5, useful as potential antitumour agents against human cancer cell lines. The present invention further provides a process for the preparation of pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]benzodiazepine hybrids of formula 5a-t.

Abstract: A reactor having a shaft protruding through one end, a fuel output tube protruding through a second end, shovels housed inside, and a discharge tube, is provided. A first end of the discharge tube is inside of the reactor and the second end protrudes out of the fuel output tube. A helix thruster can be inside the discharge tube and have a driver shaft with a first gear inside of the reactor. The reactor can also include a residue collector and a fork. The fork can be disposed on a driven shaft including a second gear, which engages the first gear of the helix thruster. A system for feeding materials into the reactor is also disclosed as well as methods of converting waste plastic or rubber into fuel using the reactor.