Abstract: Sealing glass compositions are provided as sealants for copper-aluminum alloys.

Abstract: Pigments are disclosed comprising zinc sulfide as a host containing in solid solution at least a sufficient amount of a metal sulfide additive or dopant to alter the color of the zinc sulfide. The dopant may comprise one or more certain metal sulfides but normally is present as a unitary sulfide, such as lithium sulfide, or preferably as a multiple sulfide, such as lithium indium sulfide and copper indium sulfide. Optionally, a binary metal compound dopant can include a metal oxide. The pigments may be prepared by encapsulating the host and dopant metal sulfides in vacuum to prevent introduction of oxides and then heating to an equilibrium temperature.

Abstract: A frit composition is disclosed adapted to be applied to a metal substrate containing iron and fired to form a ceramic coat. The frit composition comprises a primary devitrifiable frit adapted to fuse at a firing temperature and upon cooling form devitrified particles; and a secondary frit containing a volatilizable metal oxide adapted to form at a firing temperature substantially an amorphous glass and precipitate crystals of the volatilizable metal oxide. The crystals at least partially volatilize at the firing temperature to provide protective vapors effective to inhibit oxidation of the substrate. Upon cooling, the amorphous glass of the secondary frit bonds the devitrified particles of the primary frit one to another. Preferably, the devitrified particles of the primary frit provide a porous ceramic coat such as on a surface of a self-cleaning cooking device exposed to cooking residues. In this case, the primary frit may also contain an oxidation catalyst.

Abstract: In the electrophoretic deposition of porcelain enamels, there is added to the bath one or more positive ions in an amount ranging from 10-95% of the positive ion concentration necessary to adjust the zeta potential, of the particles to be deposited electrophoretically, to zero.

Abstract: A molding pin is disclosed adapted to form a light-reflecting area in a reflector having a tri-faceted forming end provided with the configuration of three adjacent facets of a rectangular parallelepiped. The three facets are mutually perpendicular to each other, and at least two of the facets are rectangular with two adjacent sides of each rectangle being unequal. In use, the pin may be combined with other like pins to form a bundle from which a reflector or reflector mold is made.

Abstract: A clothes hanger bridle for a garment trolley bar is provided for the purpose of preventing displacement in transit of hanger-hung garments from said trolley bar.

Abstract: Smoke suppressants, as distinguished from fire retardants, are disclosed for chlorine-containing resinous organic materials. The smoke suppressant comprises iron oxalate, zinc oxalate, zinc octoate, and mixtures thereof. Especially effective synergistic mixtures are a mixture of ferrous oxalate and zinc octoate and a mixture of ferrous oxalate and zinc oxalate.

Abstract: A multi-sided retroreflective body is disclosed having at least two retroreflective faces adapted to intercept light. Each reflective face is tilted in the same general direction about a lower portion angularly away from a vertical plane and is angularly related in a horizontal plane with respect to another vertical plane disposed substantially at right angles to the direction of such light. All four angles are so interrelated as to make the faces substantially optically equivalent, such that light retroreflected by the faces is directed in return paths substantially parallel to that of the intercepted light. Preferably, the reflective faces have light-reflecting units formed from three mutually perpendicular surfaces. In this case, a related advantage results in that all of the faces of the retroreflective body may be formed with the same forming tool without affecting their optical equivalence.

Abstract: An inorganic pigment and its process of manufacture are disclosed, characterized in that the pigment, in contrast to substitution of one or more metal ions into a given spinel crystal structure, is a solid solution comprising at least a double spinel structure, that is, a first cubic spinel crystal structure containing within such lattice the spinel-forming metal oxides of at least a second, differing spinel. As a result, the present inorganic multiple spinel solid solution pigments can be varied over a wide range of compositional make-up and yet, conversely, easily adjust to even slight compositional changes by varying the amounts or components of the first spinel and/or the spinel-forming metal oxides. The resulting pigments correspondingly can produce a wide range of colors and are yet capable of even small nuances of changes in color.

Abstract: A retroreflector of improved efficiency is disclosed comprising, in one form, a light-transmitting sheet adapted in use to be disposed in an angled position such that a normal to the sheet is at an angle of about 5.degree. to about 85.degree. from an incident beam of light. The sheet has front and back opposed, substantially parallel faces. The front face is substantially smooth and defines a light-refracting surface. The back face has a plurality of light-reflecting units. Each unit comprises three mutually perpendicular surfaces defining a trihedral angle of a rectangular parallelepiped and positioned with respect to the front face that the body diagonal of the rectangular parallelepiped is within an angle of 15.degree. of incident light refracted by the front face.

Abstract: An air-permeable diffuser disc (diffuser element) for use in an air diffuser head for aerating liquids, particularly sewage, characterized by the outer periphery of said permeable disc having a higher density than the balance of said disc, rendering same substantially impermeable, thereby preventing edge leakage which generates larger, undesirable bubbles, by forcing all air to diffuse from the outer, horizontal face of said element into the liquid to be aerated, resulting in a uniform flow of smaller, more effective bubbles.

Abstract: A two component system is disclosed for forming rigid polyester reaction products in which each component is storable for an appreciable period of time but reacts upon contact with each other to form the rigid reaction product within a relatively short time. One component comprises a pre-catalyzed polyester resin which normally has a short pot life but which is extended by an excessive amount of an inhibitor. The second component is a synergistic accelerator combination consisting essentially of a metal soap and an aromatic tertiary amine. When the two components interreact, the accelerator combination overcomes the action of the excessive amount of the inhibitor and brings about a normal polymerization of the polyester resin. Optionally, the accelerator combination is part of a fibrous reinforcement and the aromatic amine is solid at room temperatures. This enables the second component to be more readily used in a dry, handleable form for easy storage.

Abstract: A limited class of compounds is disclosed for use in low dosage to inhibit the growth of or to kill fungi, Gram-positive, and especially Gram-negative bacteria. These compounds are members of a family in which the trichloromethylthio group is appended to a nitrogen atom forming part of a ring structure. While a number of the compounds of this general family have some effect against other microorganisms, such as Staphylococcus Aureus, Aspergillus Niger, Streptoverticillium Reticuli, only a few of the compounds in this general family have been found to have an effect against Gram-negative bacteria as well. This unique property makes the present compounds especially useful as bacteriostatic and bactericidal agents to be incorporated in resinous materials, such as polymeric resinous materials, whether contained in bulk, film, or liquid solution or dispersion.

Abstract: Friction material adapted for use, for example, as a brake lining is disclosed characterized in that the material contains in particulate form a crystalline mineral friction modifier of an isomorphous substitutional solid solution consisting essentially of atoms of metals and oxygen arranged as a mixed crystal in a normal spinel crystal lattice structure. There are at least three different metal atoms present in the crystal lattice, the total number of metal atoms having a total valence charge sufficient to maintain electrical neutrality. The friction material may be conventionally supported as by a shoe or disc.

Abstract: A sagger construction is disclosed for holding refractory articles during firing. The construction comprises at least two, separable, normally bottomless, topless, multi-sided saggers placed atop each other in substantial vertical alignment to define a hollow columnar enclosure which is adapted to contain the refractory articles. The topmost sagger defines an entrance to the columnar enclosure, while the bottommost sagger has closure means along the bottom thereof and contains exit means for release of the refractory articles such as after firing. This construction not only substantially increases the volume of refractory material which can be fired at one time, but also appreciably reduces labor requirements while prolonging the useful life of the individual saggers.

Abstract: A retroreflective device is disclosed comprising a convex-concavo lens having a cube-corner array extending across its concavity. The device returns in the same direction from which it is received a large proportion of incident light. The lens body is adapted with respect to reflected light to indicate a larger than actual area of the cube-corner array. The retroreflective device may be used as a marker, such as a roadmarker, the convex side of the lens body being exposed to receive the incident light.

Abstract: This invention relates to pigments and, more particularly, to the provision of a coating on pigments to improve their heat stability and/or abrasion resistance.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for preparing an iron workpiece containing at least 0.03% by weight carbon for a direct-on, one-fire ceramic or enamel coat. A substantially continuous layer of substantially pure iron is pressure-bonded onto a surface of the carbon-rich iron workpiece. Thereafter, the workpiece and bonded iron layer are placed in an electroconducting liquid medium and, while using the workpiece as an anode, some of the deposited iron is electrolytically removed to produce an exposed, fissured, textured surface in the pure iron layer. When a ceramic coat is conventionally applied over the fissured surface, it adheres well, even though the iron workpiece may contain appreciable amounts of carbon which normally prevent such adherence for a direct-on ceramic coat. Optionally, the pressure-bonded layer may be followed by an electrodeposit of a porous, substantially pure iron layer prior to applying a ceramic coat.

Abstract: Apparatus is disclosed for advancing particulate material, such as glass batch, to a receiver having an opening to receive the material, in which a distributing arm is mounted with respect to the opening to extend radially from an inner end to an outer end in a generally horizontal plane. The arm is rotatable about a vertically disposed axis adjacent its inner end and has a trough extending along its length to receive the particulate material. A roller mounted on the arm adjacent its outer end supports the arm and rides about the periphery of the opening during rotation of the arm about is inner end. This action of the roller also actuates conveyor means within the trough of the arm to advance the material along the arm from which it is discharged.

Abstract: A process and product are disclosed relating to the preparation of a metallic substrate of a workpiece for a subsequent deposition of a ceramic coating, such as porcelain enamel, in which the metal of the substrate is one that is not sufficiently electrochemically active to be coated by electrophoresis, for example, stainless steel or those alloys containing principally nickel and/or chromium. In one form, the metallic substrate is first covered with an oxide, and preferably a thermally decomposable compound, of a transition metal selected from Groups IIIB through Group IIB of the Periodic Table of The Elements. The workpiece is then heated to alloy the transition metal with the substrate of the workpiece, after which a ceramic coat may be applied. When the transition metal is present as a thermally decomposable compound, the compound must decompose prior to reaching an alloying temperature.