Abstract: An ignition timing control apparatus has an acceleration sensor having a flat detection characteristic in a frequency region of 10 KHz-20 KHz and a frequency filter having its central frequency in the region of 10 KHz-20 KHz.

Abstract: A process is disclosed which prepares a low pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp having a bulb and an end plate connected to the bottom of the bulb. The steps involve the application of an adhesive on one surface of the end plate, and the subsequent insertion of an exhaust tube into the end plate in such a way that an enlarged diameter portion of the exhust tube has an adhesive formed on this portion. As a result of the location and the structure of the steps, it is possible to provide a single step method of heating which functions to perform the essential bonding of all parts.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.2 is cyclo(lower)alkyl or lower alkynyl having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, andR.sup.6 is amino or protected amino, or the reactive derivative at the carboxy group, are disclosed as intermediates for the preparation of cephem and cepham compounds having antimicrobial activity.

Abstract: A process for producing 1,4-naphthoquinone by oxidizing naphthalene with molecular oxygen in a vapor phase in the presence of a catalyst. The catalyst is made of a mixture of a carrier and fusible catalytic components including vanadium oxide and alkali metal sulfate and pyrosulfate, and has a molded configuration having one or more through-holes.

Abstract: A method and system for reconstructing image data obtained from plural sequential exposures of an object by a radiation source through a multiple slit beam scanning assembly, wherein frames of original image data in the form of plural pixels are obtained for each discrete scanning step/exposure and a minimum pixel value of at least one frame is determined. Based on this determined minimum value, a cutoff value is determined. The pixel values of each frame are compared with the cutoff value, and the image is reconstructed by summation of all the pixel image data above the cutoff value for each respective pixel. In order to improve spatial resolution, the slit width of the scanning assembly is selected be the narrower than the pixel size. Pixel image data produced by exposure from radiation passing through the same slit of the scanning assembly in consecutive scanning steps are then assigned to adjacent pixels in a direction perpendicular to the scanning beam of an enlarged pixel matrix.

Abstract: Each glass plate, brought to a high temperature, arrives flat on a conveyor by resting there by its lower face, is picked up by its lower face, is turned over to bring its initially lower face into the upper position, and is then placed on a bending form the profile of which it assumes. A device for accomplishing this process has a pivoting plate capable of turning the glass plate over, a bending form, optional pressing means, and a frame for conveying bent glass plates to a succeeding work station.

Abstract: A fluorescent display device which is capable of effectively utilizing characteristics of reinforced glass to be constructed in a light-weight and thin manner and forming a substrate into a small thickness to facilitate the handling of the substrate during the device manufacturing process. The device includes a casing comprising a front member and a rear member each formed at least a part thereof of reinforced glass and a substrate formed separate from the casing and interposed or fixed between the front member and the rear member.

Abstract: A mechanical transmission comprises first and second speed reduction gears arranged above each other and a shaft operated by the gears, the shaft supporting at a free end a pulley coaxially rotatable therewith. A first articulated coupling is axially slidable on the shaft between the gears and is provided with a lower and upper toothing. The upper toothing engages with a first flanged sleeve rotatably connected to the first reduction gear and the lower toothing is connected to a second flanged sleeve rotatably connected to the second reduction gear, and axially slidable within a seat thereof.

Abstract: 3-Methyl-1-vinylimidazolium chlorides are prepared by quaternizing N-vinylimidazoles in aqueous solution with methyl chloride and are used for the preparation of water-soluble homo- or copolymers.

Abstract: A turntable comprising a disk-shaped substrate and a portion for receiving a disk-shaped recording medium is disclosed. The disk-shaped substrate is shaped from a thermoplastic composite resin having a dynamic shear modulus, G', of at least 1.5.times.10.sup.10 dyne/cm.sup.2, a G.sub.1 '(-40.degree. C.)/G.sub.2 '(100.degree. C.) ratio of up to 1.5, and a density of up to 2.0 g/cm.sup.3, and the receiving portion is formed on the top of the substrate from a thermoplastic elastomer having a hardness of 5 to 40. The turntable has high dimensional precision and will experience reduced warpage. The turntable is capable of being revolved in a stable manner to ensure an increased precision in reading information. In addition, the turntable has a rapid access time and is capable of attaining a steady speed of revolution in a shorter period of time after the power has been switched on.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions containing a 3-hydroxyprid-2-one or 3-hydroxypyrid-4-one in which the hydrogen atom attached to the nitrogen atom is replaced by an aliphatic hydrocarbon group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms and, optionally, in which one or more of the hydrogen atoms attached to ring carbon atoms are replaced by an aliphatic hydrocarbon group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a salt thereof containing a physiologically acceptable cation, are of value for removing toxic amounts of metals, particularly iron, from the body. These compositions are useful in the treatment of iron overloads.

Abstract: Closed-celled foams of high compressive strength are obtained by extruding a mixture of a styrene polymer and from 8 to 16% by weight of a blowing agent mixture containing from 2 to 20% by weight of ethyl chloride, from 2 to 20% by weight of carbon dioxide, from 20 to 80% by weight of dichlorodifluoromethane and from 10 to 60% by weight of monochlorodifluoromethane.

Abstract: In a trouble analysis apparatus, a cause of an accident which is empirically and statistically obtained, and a plurality of effects corresponding to the cause are entered in advance at a keyboard and stored as a data base in a magnetic disk unit. In this case, a sum of basic probabilities of the plurality of effects for the cause is set to be 1. A pre-processor calculates as upper (or lower) probability of a subset of the result by using the Dempster & Shafer probability theory. The pre-processor uses the upper or lower probability to create Fuzzy membership functions, and also creates a hypothetical proposition for corresponding the Fuzzy membership function and the cause. An inference engine matches accident phenomena with the effects when an accident occurs and infers the cause by a modified Fuzzy inference method using the hypothetical proposition.

Abstract: According to this invention, a method and apparatus for setting a gap to a predetermined distance between a mask and a wafer facing each other, are arranged as follows. First and second diffraction grating are formed on a mask and a wafer. The first diffraction grating is one-dimensional type and has parallel bars extending in a predetermined direction. The second diffraction grating is one-dimensional type and has parallel bars extending in a direction perpendicular to the predetermined direction. The second diffraction grating may be two-dimensional type having cross-bars. Laser beam is radiated from a light source onto the first diffraction grating. The light beams diffracted and transmitted through the first diffraction grating are transferred to the second diffraction grating. The light beams diffracted and reflected by the second diffraction grating are transferred to the first diffraction grating. The light beams are diffracted and transmitted through the first diffraction grating.

Abstract: A reading surface of a document is illuminated by a light source, and a light beam reflected on the reading surface is reflected on a reflecting mirror. Then, the reflected light beam is guided in such a direction as to pass in the vicinity of a light shielding plate for shielding the constitutional elements from the light. A lens is located near the light source at a position where the light beam guided in the above direction is allowed to pass. A shading correcting device is made up of a first shading correcting portion formed by a part of the light shielding plate and a second shading correcting portion formed in a body case for holding the constitutional elements. The shading correcting device is designed to restrict a more quantity of light of the light beam incident upon the lens at a portion nearer to an optical axis of the lens. A photoelectric correcting device is provided in a position where the light beam passing through the lens is focused.

Abstract: A composite polyester sheet which comprises a polyester film, a layer of a vinyl chloride plastisol composition (A) containing an adhesion-imparting agent, formed on the film and a layer of a vinyl chloride plastisol composition (B) containing no adhesion-imparting agent, formed on the layer of the composition (A).

Abstract: A class C power amplifier has a heterojunction bipolar transistor as an element for amplifying an input signal. A d.c. bias voltage source, such as a d.c. battery, is connected to the transistor, such that a d.c. bias voltage lower than the turn-on voltage of the transistor is applied between the base and emitter of the bipolar transistor. An inductance coil is connected in series between the emitter of the transistor and the d.c. bias voltage source. Since the d.c. bias voltage is applied to the heterojunction bipolar transistor, the external drive voltage for activating the transistor is reduced to increase the high-frequency power gain of the amplifier.

Abstract: In a transporting system, four magnetic units are mounted on corners of carrier and the carrier is suspended under rails by electromagnetic attractive forces acting between the magnetic units and the bottom section of the rails. Each of the magnetic unit has a permanent magnet and electromagnets and gap sensors are provided on the carrier to sense a gap between each magnetic unit and rail. A battery for supplying a current to the magnetic unit is mounted on the carrier 15. The carrier is floated in a zero steady-state power control mode, even when an external force is applied to the carrier by a zero steady-state power control circuit which maintain the steady-state current supplied to the magnetic unit to be substantially zero. The carrier is softly landed on the rail or started to move from the rail in response to an external command in a soft landing or a soft start mode by an actuating unit 67.

Abstract: The invention provides derivatives of bornane-3-spiro-1'-cyclopentane with woody note scent useful as a base component in perfumery formulations which comprises those having a substituting group selected from a methoxyl, ethoxyl, formyloxyl and acetoxyl groups or two of substituting groups being either a hydroxyl group and a methyl group or a hydroxyl group and an ethyl group at the 2-position synthesized by any of the reactions of borane-3-spiro-1'-cyclopentan-2--ol or bornane-3-spiro-1'-cyclopentan-2-one with any of the reagents selected in accordance with the substituting group(s) to be introduced.The invention also provides perfumery compositions containing the above.