Abstract: A method for determining the charge state of a particle filter installed in the exhaust gas line of an internal combustion engine comprises the following steps: determining the exhaust gas volumetric flow in the flow direction of the exhaust gas downstream of the particle filter (2), detecting the pressure present in the exhaust gas line (1) in the direction of flow of the exhaust gas prior to the particle filter (2), comparing the exhaust gas volumetric flow determined hinter the particle filter (2) with the detected pressure present upstream of the particle filter (2) and evaluating the results of the comparison with consideration to the exhaust gas back pressure of the uncharged particle filter (2) and the exhaust gas back pressure caused by the particle filter charge, said pressure being higher than the uncharged filter. Further described is a corresponding device for reducing the particle emissions of an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing molded flexible plastic skins (9, 24, 27, 34) differing in their shape from each other, each skin being molded against a mold surface (2) of a mold (1), comprises the steps: —providing a mold surface (2) matching the shape of the skin to be molded by using a first mold surface provided by the mold itself or by altering the first mold surface by placing one or more mold inserts covering only a part of the first mold surface onto said mold surface and thereby providing an alternative second mold surface, —applying a plastic compound to be brought to shape by the mold surface (2) provided, —bringing to shape the plastic compound applied to the mold surface (2), and —demolding the molded skin (9) from the effective mold surface (2).

Abstract: The method which is the subject of protection is characteristic by the fact that firstly is made the suspension consisting of 10 to 20 mass % of mineral talc and 80 to 90 mass % of water; resulting suspension is homogenized and thereafter is heated to the temperature 50° to 70° C. To heated suspension is then added 37% hydrochloric acid in the amount of 1 to 6 mass % under continuous stirring. After reaching pH 3 to 5 and increasing the temperature up to 85° C., to the suspension is then added concentrated sulphuric acid in the amount of 1 to 5 mass %. The suspension is further maintained at the temperature up to 90° C., then it is chilled to the ambient temperature and thereafter is separated the sediment which is finally dried at the temperature 140° to 160° C. after washing with water and reaching pH 5 to 6.

Abstract: A scalable apparatus and a network environment dynamically changes the light transparency of a single SPD device, a small number of SPD devices or thousands of such SPD devices installed in windows in automobiles, aircraft, trains, marine vehicles, residential homes, commercial buildings and skyscrapers. A scalable apparatus and a network environment dynamically changes the light transparency of a single SPD device or thousands of such SPD devices in the presentation of a multi-media special effects display. Textual messages, graphical images and simulated motion effects are driven. Such scalable apparatus being capable of driving and using several operational parameters of SPD materials such as frequency range, AC voltage and temperature so as to provide fine control of SPD characteristics such as switching speed and power consumption.

Abstract: A method for mapping a physical downlink control format indicator channel to physical resources includes the steps that 16 modulated data y(0), y(1), . . . , y(15) of a downlink control signaling indicator channel in an LTE system are divided into 4 groups in order and mapped by groups, which allows the downlink control format indicator channel to be mapped exactly to the continuous 4 resource elements recombined by resources which are divided among all system physical resources except the pilots according to such continuous 4 resource elements. By defining group mapping rules, this method can offer the maximum gain of frequency selectivity.

Abstract: A scalable apparatus and a network environment dynamically changes the light transparency of a single SPD device, a small number of SPD devices or thousands of such SPD devices installed in windows in automobiles, aircraft, trains, marine vehicles, residential homes, commercial buildings and skyscrapers. A scalable apparatus and a network environment dynamically changes the light transparency of a single SPD device or thousands of such SPD devices in the presentation of a multi-media special effects display. Textual messages, graphical images and simulated motion effects are driven. Such scalable apparatus being capable of driving and using several operational parameters of SPD materials such as frequency range, AC voltage and temperature so as to provide fine control of SPD characteristics such as switching speed and power consumption.

Abstract: A hair styling attachment for connection to a device producing an air stream, such as an air curler, has two arms connected together with an articulated joint. The facing top sides of the arms have complementary working surfaces which form a hair styling gap. At least one arm is capable of motion about the pivot axis of the joint. The arm capable of motion is connected to a control lever extension within the hair styling attachment which is located on the opposite side of the pivot axis from its working surface and at an angle to the plane of the working surface. A first drive mechanism for adjusting this arm about the pivot axis acts on the control lever extension. The first drive mechanism is driven by a rotatably mounted first drive shaft, which connects it to a rotationally mounted second drive shaft of the device.

Abstract: A volumizer attachment for connection to a device generating a stream of air, comprising a volumizer unit with hair styling fingers. A coupling section connects the volumizer attachment to the device. The volumizer unit is rotatably mounted, either in whole or in part. A rotating first drive shaft in the device connects to a rotatably mounted second drive shaft arranged inside the coupling section. The second drive shaft has a drive element on its output end, which is arranged eccentrically to the axis of rotation of the second drive shaft. The drive element engages a force converter to convert the rotational drive motion of the drive element into an oscillating rotational motion of the volumizer unit, or a part thereof. The axis of rotation of the volumizer unit, or of the part thereof, and the axis of rotation of the second drive shaft are at an angle to one another.

Abstract: The invention discloses a vehicle dynamic measurement device for comprehensive parameters of rail wear, which comprises a vision sensor, a computer and a milometer. A high-speed image acquisition card and a measurement module are installed in the computer. The vision sensor comprises imaging system for rail cross-section and a raster projector which can project more than one light plane perpendicular to the measured rail. The measurement module is used for calculating vertical wear, horizontal wear, the amplitude and wavelength of corrugation wear. The invention also discloses a vehicle dynamic measurement method for comprehensive parameters of rail wear. The invention can increase the sampling rate of image sensing and acquisition hardware equipment with no need of improving the performance of it, thereby satisfy high-speed on-line dynamic measurement requirements for corrugation wear, and the amplitude and wavelength of corrugation wear can be calculated more precisely.