Abstract: A measuring method capable of automatically analyzing quantitatively the inner state of a disk is provided. Linearly polarized light from a light source enters a retarder to produce a desired elliptically polarized state. The elliptically polarized light is then passed through a half-wave plate to rotate the direction of a principal axis of the ellipse. The light is expanded into two dimensions by lens systems and to obtain planar information, and is further transmitted through a disk substrate so that the birefringence of a specimen, which depends on an inner stress state and a polymer orientation state, changes the phase of the light. The light wave with its phase changed is passed through a polarizer arranged perpendicular to the principal axis of the retarder. The CCD detects the light wave as a light intensity.

Abstract: A soldering flux according to the present invention is a soldering flux containing an epoxy resin and an organic carboxylic acid, wherein the epoxy resin and the organic carboxylic acid are compounded at a ratio of 1.0 equivalent of epoxy group in the epoxy resin to 0.8-2.0 equivalent of carboxyl group in the organic carboxylic acid, and a total amount of the epoxy resin and the organic carboxylic acid is 70% or more by weight based on the total weight of the soldering flux. A lead-free solder composition according to the present invention is a solder composition containing the soldering flux and a lead-free solder. The soldering flux or the lead-free solder composition according to the present invention has special advantages of maintaining an activation by the flux, good wettability of the solder, and no inhibition of a sealing resin from curing.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of making an acceleration sensor chip. The sensor chip is prepared from a SOI wafer having a silicon substrate, a SiO2 layer and a silicon thin film. A dopant is ion implanted at a position corresponding to a semiconductor strain gauge on the silicon thin film to form a diffusion resistor, and for forming devices necessary for circuit construction on said silicon thin film. A protective film is provided on the entire surface of the wafer, and a plurality of through holes penetrating the silicon thin film are formed by patterning and etching to make a weight part and a beam part connected to a support frame part on the periphery. The SiO2 layer under the weight part and the beam part is removed by wet etching to form the through holes, while leaving the protective film in place. The protective film is removed and a resist coated over the entire surface of the wafer. A slit for dividing the chip is formed part way through the wafer by dicing.

Abstract: There is provided a variable rate TDM switching system comprising steps of: arranging a plurality of incoming lines and a plurality of sending lines in lattice form; providing time-division gates at cross-points of the incoming lines and the sending lines; connecting time-division temporal switches having a function of transposing the order of time slots in input TDM frames to forward stage of respective incoming lines of the time-division space switches for performing the switching between the incoming lines and the sending lines with time slot unit while holding the multiplexing, by switching these time-division gates; connecting a scheduler for concentratedly controlling the time-division gates and the time-division temporal switches to these gates and time switches; transmitting the headers of the TDM frames to the scheduler in case of inputting the header of TDM frame, and deciding the temporal switching schedule by the scheduler as to the transposition of the order of time slots in the time-division tem

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an interlayer dielectric film by vacuum ultraviolet CVD including the steps of placing a wafer in a vacuum chamber having a window; causing a first gas that contains silicon atoms to flow through the vacuum chamber; exposing the wafer to light emitted from a Xe2 excimer lamp through the window; and maintaining an atmosphere in the chamber at a first temperature which is less than 350° C. to form an insulating film on the wafer which substantially fills stepped portions of the wafer to provide step coverage and which has a substantially flat top surface.

Abstract: A polymer material containing a repetitive unit having a formula: The polymer material has a higher glass transition temperature and a lower water absorption than those of deuterated PMMA, but has a transparency equivalent with that of deuterated PMMA. The material also shows neither light absorption nor scattering in an operating wavelength region.

Abstract: A phase-locked loop ciruit having two requency dividing circuits which are reset in response to reset signals. The reset signals are produced by second and third frequency divided signal generated by combining the divided frequency of a reference clock signal and an output signal from a voltage controlled oscillator. The phase-locked loop ciruit adjusts rapidly the frquency and the phase of the output signal of the voltage controlled oscillator to correspond to that of the reference clock signal.

Abstract: A mobile radio communication system for communicating between a base station and a mobile station by means of frames, each frame including a header and data. The mobile station includes a transmission number provider which provides a first transmission number to a first frame to be transmitted to the base station, and a transmission number extractor which extracts the first transmission number indicated in a header pattern of a second frame transmitted by the base station. The base station includes a reception number detector which detects the first transmission number included in the first frame transmitted by the mobile station, and a header provider which provides a header pattern corresponding to the first transmission number of the second frame. The mobile station retransmits the first frame when the mobile station does not receive the first transmission number indicated in the header pattern of the second frame.

Abstract: A method for separating and assaying lipoprotain to determine a degree of modification of a predetermined component in a specimen of lipoprotein, comprising the step of: determining a distance “a” from an application point of the standard sample to a fraction corresponding to the predetermined lipoprotein using an electrophoretic pattern obtained by electrophoresis of a standard sample; determining a distance “b” from the application point of the specimen to a fraction corresponding to the predetermined lipoprotein using electrophoretic pattern obtained by electrophoresis of a specimen; comparing the distance “a” and the distance “b” to determine a relative mobility “z(=b/a)” of the specimen to the standard sample, wherein the degree of modification of the predetermined component in the specimen being judged on the basis of the relative mobility “z”.

Abstract: To remove the echo of a received signal from a local input signal, an echo canceler adaptively estimates the transfer characteristics of the echo path. When a double-talk condition is detected, the echo canceler reverses the adaptation process and returns to a set of estimated transfer characteristics that were in use before the double-talk condition began. Imperfect echo cancellation due to incorrect estimation caused by double-talk is thus prevented inexpensively.

Abstract: An image processing method using multiple images includes the steps of imaging multiple differently focused images Im (m=1, . . . , n); deriving an identical equation based on superposition models realized between the multiple differently focused images Im and desired images I, obtaining a solution by substituting multiple images Im and the functions Tmk and Tk of different focusing into the identical equation; performing an image process for generating desired image I based on this solution; and selectively generating a desired image I by controlling the function Tk.

Abstract: The present invention is a semiconductor sensor package for incorporating a semiconductor sensor chip. The main surface for mounting the semiconductor sensor chip is formed at a predetermined angle with respect to the surface of a printed circuit board for mounting the package. The main surface is provided with a plurality of terminals along two opposite sides for connecting with the input/output terminals of the semiconductor sensor chip and a bottom surface perpendicular to the main surface with a plurality of pins respectively formed along two sides parallel to the main surface. The plurality of pins are inserted into mounting holes formed in the printed circuit board, and the plurality of terminals provided along parallel sides the pins are electrically connected.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide an iris code generating device and iris identifying system capable of sensing when a third party is pretending to be another person and capable of preventing crimes before they happen. In order to achieve the aforementioned object, the present invention photographs an eye of a subject while causing biogenic reactions to occur in the eye of the subject an determines whether or not the biogenic responses happen as intended from the photographed image of an eye. In this way the present invention determines whether or not the image of an eye is a living thing and determines whether or not the structural components of the system such as photographing means and image processing means etc. are genuine.

Abstract: The present invention is an acceleration sensor chip comprising a support frame part and a sensor structure. The sensor structure includes a displaceable weight part with a magnetic thin film formed on the surface and at least one beam part for connecting the weight part to the frame part. The support frame part and sensor structure are formed on a silicon substrate through an insulating layer. The insulating layer between the sensor structure and the silicon substrate is removed and a coil is formed to surround the weight part on the support frame part at the periphery of the weight part. In some embodiments, the accelerator sensor chip comprises a plurality of such sensor structures.

Abstract: A helical gear tooth broach having an elongate body having a series of axially aligned and spaced teeth disposed thereon. The direction of tooth spaces or traces of the teeth in a longitudinally extending helical alignment and the direction of the gullets of the teeth in a side by side circumferentially extending helical arrangement are both oriented at a right-upward or a left-upward helix angle in common with each other.

Abstract: The invention has been developed to find out a blemish on the surface of a disk (in particular, a stroke mark in the CSS area) without opening up a hard disk. Furthermore, the invention is intended not to cause extra labor or cost in fabrication of hard disks, and to be applicable to hard disk already in widespread use. To this end, with an acoustic inspection method of the invention, inspection of whether or not a blemish has been inflicted on the surface of a disk (in particular, a blemish in the CSS area) can be conducted without opening up the hard disk by detecting vibration occurring when a head of the hard drive comes into collision with the blemish on the disk from vibration propagating to a housing of the hard disk.

Abstract: A reminder system operating at a specified location is provided. When an information ID (such as an “address C, B, AA, and bookstore”) transmitted from a small antenna station agrees with information (such as an “address C, B, AA, and bookstore”) stored in a memory of a reminder passing by the installation location of the small antenna station, the reminder outputs an alarm, and displays free messages (“The address here is C, B, AA” and “There is a bookstore”) on the display of the reminder. Thus, a user carrying the reminder is alerted to the business input in advance to the reminder.

Abstract: A nonvolatile semiconductor memory device comprising a plurality of memory cells each having a transistor including a floating gate electrode as a constituent are arranged on a silicon substrate in a matrix, wherein bit lines have hierarchical structures and comprise at least a main bit line 1 and a sub-bit line 2, and a plurality of sub-bit line selection transistors 4 provided between the main bit line 1 and sub-bit line 2 which transistor 4 are respectively selectively activated depending on given row address lines, wherein a voltage applied to each gate electrode of the sub-bit line selection transistor 4 which is selected and activated when data is erased from or written on each memory cell is rendered the same as that applied to each gate electrode of the sub-bit line selection transistor 4 which becomes non-activated when not selected.

Abstract: An interleave frame is formed by combining slots corresponding to the same slot number in each frame when interleave process is performed in a super frame, and the data are read out along row or column direction (i.e. readout direction) and the data are written along the direction opposite to the readout direction in the same memory.

Abstract: A synchronous detector used in a code division multiple access (CDMA) communication receiver comprises a correlator and a pre-synchronous decision circuit. The correlator calculates a plurality of correlation values between a received signal spread with an x-chip sequence of a spread code and n-chip correlation coefficients for different phase timings. The pre-synchronous decision circuit, coupled to the correlator, generates at least one timing control signal indicating a phase timing corresponding to a highest correlation value. The correlator comprises a synchronous estimator that estimates a synchronous phase by calculating the correlation values between the received signal and the n-chip correlation coefficients every cycle of the spread code and by accumulating the correlation values. The synchronous estimator comprises an n-chip correlation coefficient generator that generates the n-chip correlation coefficients at phase timings indicated by a timing control signal.