Abstract: The present invention provides a non-aqueous composition containing a particulate solid, an organic medium and a polyurethane dispersant having an essentially linear backbone and laterally attached solvent-solubilising side chains of a polyester, a polyether, a polyacrylate or a polyolefin including mixtures of such side chains.

Abstract: A composition comprising a plastics material, an inorganic particulate solid such as aluminium trihydrate and a coupling modified of formula A-(X—Y—CO)m(O—B—CO)nOH wherein A is a moiety containing a terminating ethylenic group with one or two adjacent carbonyl groups; X is a direct bond, O or N; Y is C1-18-alkylene or C2-18-alkenylene; B is C2-6-alkylene; m is from 1 to 4 and n is from 0 to 5 provided that when A contains two carbonyl groups adjacent to the ethylenic group then X is N. Specific examples of coupling modifiers are ?-carboxyl ethylacrylate and 5-carboxy pentyl maleimide.

Abstract: The invention provides a grease composition comprising a stable dispersion of a metal hydroxide with a number average particle size in the range 20 nanometres to 2 micrometres, a surfactant with a HLB of less than 10, a mono- or poly-carboxylic acid, and an oil of lubricating viscosity. The method of preparing a grease composition is also disclosed with benefits including a reduction in reaction time, amount of foam produced and environmental hazards.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition comprising (i) a particulate solid; (ii) an organic medium; and (iii) a salt of a hydrocarbyl-substituted acrylating agent. The invention further provides for the use of the composition in various applications including paints, inks or mill bases.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition containing a particulate solid, an organic medium and/or water and a compound of Formula (1) and salts thereof: Formula (1) wherein R and R? are independently H or C1-30-optionally substituted hydrocarbyl; or R is H or C1-30-optionally substituted hydrocarbyl and R? is R?C?O (an acyl group where R? is hydrogen, alkyl or an optionally substituted alkyl or aryl or an optionally substituted aryl); Y is C2-4-alkyleneoxy; T is C2-4 alkylene; A is the residue of a dibasic acid or anhydride thereof; Z is the residue of a polyamine and/or polyimine; W is the residue of an oxide, urea or dibasic acid or anhydride thereof, or mixtures thereof; x is from 2 to 90; and v represents the maximum available number of amino and/or imino groups in Z which does not carry the group RR?N-T-O—(Y)X-T-NH-A-.

Abstract: A lubricant in the form of a water or oil insoluble solvent in oil emulsion is described where a base (soluble or dispersible in said oil-insoluble solvent or water) is present in the dispersed phase. These lubricants are beneficial in various applications such as internal combustion engines where the oil needs enough basicity to neutralize any inorganic acids generated by sulfur present in the fuel.

Abstract: An aqueous dispersion of nanoparticle/polyurethane composites is made by forming a mixture of nanoparticles and a continuous mass of a polyurethane prepolymer in the substantial absence of water and dispersing the mixture so made in aqueous medium. Alternatively, a polyurethane prepolymer or a mixture of nanoparticles and a continuous mass of a polyurethane prepolymer is dispersed into an aqueous dispersion of nanoparticles.

Abstract: A novel method of preparing an aqueous dispersion of non-uniform polyurethane particles which comprises (a) preparing at least two isocyanate-terminated polyurethane prepolymers having different hydrophilicities; (b) preparing a uniform mixture of said prepolymers; and (c) dispersing the mixed prepolymers in an aqueous medium. The resulting dispersion of the prepolymers may optionally be chain extended. This method enables the preparation of core-shell particles as well as particles of other morphologies, including “raspberry”, interpenetrating network, “salt-and-pepper”, “ice-cream cone” and particles of gradient composition. Similarly, an aqueous dispersion of two different polyurethane polymers may be obtained by first preparing at least two different isocyanate-terminated polyurethane prepolymers, preparing a uniform mixture of such prepolymers and thereafter dispersing the mixture in an aqueous medium.

Abstract: An aqueous dispersion of polyurethane composites is made by forming a dispersion of urethane prepolymer or polymer and ketone functional molecule by dispersing them in an aqueous media and adding a hydrazine functional molecule. When the ketone functional molecule is derived from levulinic acid and epoxidized vegetable oil, the resulting urethane dispersion has enhanced coalescence with less need for coalescing aids.

Abstract: Polymeric polyol ester additives for metal working applications are described that have lower pour points and improved solubility in API Group II and III basestocks. The polyol esters are made from tri and/or tetrahydric alcohols, a linear fatty monocarboxylic acid, a short dioic acid, and a alk(en)yl substituted succinic acid or its anhydride.

Abstract: An aqueous dispersion of polyurethane composites is made by forming a mixture of urethane prepolymer or polymer, ketone functional molecule/oligomers, and hydrazine functional molecule/oligomers; and dispersing the mixture so made in aqueous medium.

Abstract: A polymeric dispersion in aqueous phase for use as a polymeric binder for paper and other nonwoven articles is described utilizing a polyisocyanate in combination with said polymeric binder to increase the ratio wet tensile/dry tensile strength. The polyisocyanate seems to be functioning by increasing the fiber to binder interaction rather than by simply increasing the strength/crosslink density of the binder. The polyisocyanate can be blocked isocyanate(s) or water dispersible isocyanate(s). The binder may or may not have isocyanate reactive species along the backbone.

Abstract: Dispersions useful in making capacitors, printed circuit boards, etc., comprising an electronic particulate solid, a carrier and a dispersant of formula (1): R—(O-A-CO)x(O—B—CO)y-Z wherein R is hydrogen or a polymerisation terminating group; A is C8-20-alkylene and/or C8-20-alkenylene; B is C1-6-alkylene or a lactone thereof; Z is hydroxyl or a basic group or a moiety containing a basic group; x is from 2 to 45; Y is from 0 to 15; and the ration of x:y is not less than 3:1, the carrier is a high boiling organic liquid having a boiling point between 150 and 350° C. selected from monohydric alcohols and esters of dialkylene glycol monoalkyl esters.

Abstract: A dispersant comprising a polyester chain obtainable by polymerising a hydroxy carboxylic acid or lactone thereof such as E-caprolactone with a cyclic alkylene carbonate such as 5,5-dimethyltrimethylene carbonate. The dispersant may be in the form of a phosphate ester where the polyester chain is reacted with a phosphating agent such as polyphosphoric acid or the polyester chain may be attached to a polyamine or polyimine such as polyethyleneimine.

Abstract: Basic and acid dispersants derived from branched alkyl aliphatic acids and alcohols and one or more hydroxy carboxylic acid or lactone to give a polyoxyalkylenecarbonyl chain (POAC) having a terminal carboxylic acid group (TPOAC acid) or terminal hydroxy group (TPOAC alcohol). Preferred basic dispersants are obtained by reaching one or more TPOAC acids with a polyamine or polyimine such as polyethyleneimine and preferred anionic dispersants are prepared by forming a phosphate ester of a TPOAC alcohol.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lubricating basestock for the blends of hydrofluorocarbon and optionally hydrochlorofluorocarbon refrigerants comprising a blend of (A) at least one alkylbenzene and (B) at least one polyol ester. While alkylbenzenes are not miscible with the refrigerant blend at the desired operating temperature and pressure of refrigeration or air-conditioning systems, the addition of low concentration of polyol ester is found to greatly improve the miscibility of the alkylbenzene and polyol ester blend. An important criteria of the invention is that the lubricant blend of polyol ester and alkylbenzene are sufficiently miscible with the hydrofluorocarbon refrigerant blend both as a liquid and a gaseous refrigerant over the operational temperatures of the compression refrigeration system.

Abstract: Dialkyl polysulfides can be added to hydrocarbon gas fed streams for alkene steam crackers for the petrochemical industry. The polysulfides act as sulfiding agents for surfaces of the steam crackers and thereby reduce coking and CO generation. A preferred polysulfide is a di-t-butyl polysulfide. Such compounds tend to have lower vapor pressure, reasonable viscosities, and are relatively nonflammable as compared to the lower molecular weight sulfur containing compounds.

Abstract: A conveyor chain oil for use at elevated temperatures is described comprising a blend of a polyol ester, a poly(isobutylene), and a mineral oil. The blend has low volatility compared to the volatility of its individual components, suffers little change in viscosity with use, and resists the formation of undesirable sludge or varnish.

Abstract: The disclosed invention relates to a composition comprising a partially dehydrated product made by: (I) reacting (A) a hydrocarbyl substituted succinic acid or anhydride with (B) a polyol, a polyamine, a hydroxyamine, or a mixture of two or more thereof, to form a first intermediate product comprising: an ester, partial ester or mixture thereof when (B) is a polyol; an amide, imide, salt, amide/salt, partial amide or mixture of two or more thereof when (B) is a polyamine; or an ester, partial ester, amide, partial amide, amide/salt, imide, ester/salt, salt or a mixture of two or more thereof when (B) is a hydroxyamine, a mixture of a polyol and a polyamine, a mixture of a polyol and a hydroxyamine, a mixture of a polyamine and a hydroxyamine, or a mixture of a polyol, a polyamine and a hydroxyamine; the hydrocarbyl substituent of said acid or anhydride having an average of about 8 to about 200 carbon atoms; and (II) heating said first intermediate product at an effective temperature to form a second interm

Abstract: Waxy hydrocarbyl substituted phenols or phenates are reacted into phenol formaldehyde resins to impart a waxy water resistant nature to binders. A preferred use of the modified phenol formaldehyde resins is as a binder in engineered wood products such as strand board, particle board, medium density fiberboard, plywood and I-beams. Binding the waxy material into the resin may provide a better dispersion of the waxy moieties and prevent migration as has been seen by the simple addition of waxy materials.