Abstract: An electrostatic field is created across a layer of material which has been placed on a surface with an adhesive layer therebetween to force the layer of material toward the surface, compressing the adhesive therebetween. To carry out this process, various forms of apparatus are disclosed which provide a substantially consistent electrostatic field across a film of material and a coating of adhesive to a surface to which the material is to be secured.

Abstract: A haymaking machine has a substantially horizontal main frame beam with lateral carriers which are pivotable upwardly and downwardly relative to the main beam. The pivots define horizontal axes and pivoting takes place between a working position in which the beam and carriers are substantially horizontally aligned, and an inoperative transport position in which the carriers are turned upwardly relative to the frame beam through 90.degree. or more. Breakage of, or other serious damage to the drive transmission to rotary rake members of the machine is prevented by drivingly connecting a rotary shaft within the main frame beam to the rotary shaft segments housed within the carrier by double universal couplings which still allow the shaft segments to be driven when they are inclined to the main beam at 90.degree. or more. Also, the carriers mount crop guides that can be pivoted about horizontal axes and/or displaced relative to the rake members so as to function during either tedding or swath forming.

Abstract: A plow is structured to wholly or partly invert a furrow slice during operation. The furrow slice is cut loose by a leading V-shaped blade and is both compressed, and deflected laterally towards a side wall of the frame by a plurality of rotary lateral displacing rollers arranged in a row inclined to the direction of travel. The rollers are preferably of progressively increasing size towards the rear and co-operate with a soil guide surface at the rear of the plow in turning the furrow slice about an axis which extends in the direction of travel to deposit the slice substantially completely back into the furrow from which it was originally cut. In one version, the row of displacing rollers leads to a power-driven rotary soil guide unit of annular formation, the inverted furrow slice being delivered back into the furrow from which it was cut through the interior of the unit.

Abstract: A tank wagon for transporting liquid material has a suction pump for drawing liquid material into the tank. Various sensing devices are used to prevent over filling so that material drawn into the tank does not reach the pump. In one form, a float valve in the vacuum conduit shuts the same and/or electrodes are positioned to sense the material level and energize a relay-operated switch that stops the engine driving the pump. Several indicators in the form of lamps or an acoustic horn are operated by short-circuiting electrodes within the tank and give a signal or indication of the liquid level within the tank. In a further embodiment, a float within the tank actuates an ammeter outside the tank to give a signal or reading of the liquid level within the tank.

Abstract: A cultivating implement has an elongated frame portion that mounts a row of rotors that rotate about upwardly extending axes. At the lateral sides of the frame portion, screening plates are positioned to arrest the lateral displacement of soil being worked. Each screen is substantially vertical with its front part being linked to an overlying frame structure and rear roller that supports the frame portion. Parallelogram links arranged one above the other interconnect each plate with a support part of the structure. The links extend forwardly from the plate from pivot connections to further pivot connections. The connections define horizontal transverse axes that allow the plate to move up and down as it rides along the ground. The front connections are resilient members that allow some lateral deflection of the plate. The plate has an upper, rear bent over portion that allows entry of a supporting roller arm to a pivot connection to the supporting frame structure.

Abstract: A haymaking machine has at least one rake member, preferably two members, with tine groups that are rotatable about an upwardly directed axis. Adhesion of hay and/or other crop to the tine groups is greatly reduced, as compared with conventional constructions, by arranging fastening spoke ends between the helical coils of each tine group. A spring-loaded setting device is arranged to co-operate with a retaining bracket of each tine group to retain the tines, and corresponding tine carrier portions, in either a position suitable for swath formation or a position suitable for tedding operation. Each spoke end is substantially rigidly clamped between the corresponding turnably mounted coils of the tine groups and the spokes extend directly away from their connections between the coils towards the axis of rotation of the rake member. Guides at the rear of the machine assist to deposit the crop in swaths or the guides can be set to ted the crop.

Abstract: A tank wagon includes an elongated tank for transporting liquid material on a frame supported by at least one wheel set. The center line of the tank extends in an inclined direction in a forward direction. The lowermost point of the tank is in front of the wheel set with respect to the normal direction of wagon travel. The tank is composed by at least two substantially cylindrical compartments of different diameters. The compartment having the smaller diameter is rearmost and located directly above the wheel set. The two tank compartments have center lines that extend at different levels and parallel to one another. The wagon is stable in operation and its construction is such that emptying the wagon of its contents is facilitated through a tube that interconnects the lowermost points of the compartments. Preferably, the smaller diameter compartment is joined to the front compartment so that the center line of the former is substantially above that of the latter.

Abstract: A plow has spaced apart furrow cutters and a furrow elevating structure that loosens and raises a continuous wide furrow strip to a furrow turning device during plow travel. The turning device can be an open ended drum that is rotated or stationary. Within the drum, a worm conveyor is rotated that first engages and depresses the furrow top, but as the furrow strip passes through the drum, it is inverted and to some extent, winds around the conveyor so that the furrow strip has a cross section that resembles an inverted shallow U. The inverted and deformed strip is deposited in the furrow being formed. The conveyor is normally located about centrally of the drum interior so that the furrow strip top is first engaged by the conveyor's lower surfaces, but as the strip is urged through the drum, it is inverted and supported on top of the conveyor before being deposited to the rear. The method of cutting, inverting and depositing the deformed continuous furrow strip is claimed.

Abstract: A soil cultivating implement has a row of tined soil working members extending transverse to the direction of travel. An implement-supporting and soil-working cage-formation ground roller is arranged behind said soil working members to be rotatable about a substantially horizontal axis. The roller has a plurality of relatively spaced apart carrier discs fixedly interconnected by a plurality of tubular elongate elements that are wound helically around the axis of rotation of the roller. When light and/or dry soil is to be cultivated, it is desirable that additional elongate elements should be placed in the skeletal cylindrically curved ground-engaging surface of the roller. A chosen number of auxiliary elongate elements can be arranged between the fixed elongate elements quickly and these elements are easily detachable and re-connectable.

Abstract: A tractor trailer, the trailer being a cylindrical tank for transporting liquid material having a set of supporting wheels about one-quarter of its length from its rear wall. On level ground, the tank is inclined downwardly forwardly at an angle of about 3.5.degree. and has a framework extending from its front wall about midway of its height, a drawpin depending from the front of the frame for connection to the tractor being intersected by an extension of the tank's longitudinal center line. The frame supports a pressure-vacuum pump connected through a conduit to a dome at the rear of the tank for exerting pressure or creating a vacuum within the tank's interior. The tank has a central vertical baffle, extending its length and having openings at the top and bottom, and two transverse baffles which divide the tank into three parts of about equal volume also having openings at the top and the bottom. Pipes extend outboard from the tank's forward bottom which have ports.

Abstract: A tank for transporting liquid, in the composite, is constructed of three tank parts, two of which are elongated cylindrical tanks inclined downwardly to the rear at about 4.5.degree. and are spaced apart a short distance. At the rear, the two tanks connect rigidly with a further third cylindrical shorter tank also inclined to the rear, such third tank being supported by a set of wheels and having its lower side at about the center line of the two forward tanks. The third tank is connected to one of the other tanks to provide between them a common tank space. There are thus two contiguous tank spaces, one in an elongated forward tank and another in the other elongated forward tank and the rear tank.

Abstract: A cultivating implement has a row of soil working members mounted along the length of an elongated portion of the implement frame. The members are rotatable about upwardly extending shafts that are geared to an overlying common driving shaft and an imput shaft drives the driving shaft through a change speed gear secured at one lateral side of the frame portion. The common driving shaft is located below the imput shaft and both shafts extend transverse to the direction of travel. The change speed gear includes interchangeable pinions housed within a box at the lateral side of the frame portion.

Abstract: A rotary harrow or cultivator has a frame that supports a plurality of soil working members arranged in a row that extends transverse to the direction of travel. The frame includes two linked portions and one portion is connected to a rear support roller that regulates the working depth of the implement. A dispensing mechanism, including a plurality of delivery members, is mounted on the implement and the delivery members are carried on a common support that extends transverse to the direction of travel. The common support is interconnected to the roller so that material is dropped as the roller levels the worked soil.

Abstract: A soil compacting roller comprises a cylinder rotatably mounted between the lower ends of substantially vertical limbs of two side supports. The cylinder is surrounded by a plurality of larger diameter rings which extend in relatively spaced apart, side-by-side relationship along the length of the cylinder. The roller also includes an internal tubular or rod supporting member spaced above the cylinder so that the rings are rotatable about that member and the cylinder entirely independently of one another. Guide members extend between the successively neighboring rings to keep them in position axially of the cylinder and to assist in dislodging adhering mud from the interiors and exteriors of the rings. The guide members can be in the form of pivotally mounted strips, spring steel rods, annular flanges carried at regular intervals along the cylinder, pairs of lugs carried by the supporting member or rotatably mounted circumferentially toothed discs which extend between the successive rings.

Abstract: An implement mounts a row of rotatable members, having resilient tines, that are rotatable about upwardly extending shafts. The frame portion is pivoted to a forward coupling member at several points, a lower one of which is a shear pin that allows the frame portion to tilt upwardly about an axis defined by two upper pivots upon overload of a tined member.

Abstract: A soil cultivating implement has tined, rotatable soil working implements mounted along the length of an elongated transverse frame portion that has carriers pivoted to the front of the frame by at least one pivot that defines a single axis. The rear ends of the carriers comprise stops with resilient connections that limit and bias the frame portion's position. The frame portion, together with soil working members are displaceable up and down relative to the remainder of the frame, responsive to ground conditions. Shield plates are mounted along the lengths of arms that pivotably interconnect a rear supporting roller to the front of the frame. Each working member includes a support made up of interconnected strips that are bent to form arms. The outer ends of the arms have plates and form holders that engage tine fastening portions. The strips are clamped between multi-sided plates and deflect when the tines encounter obstacles.

Abstract: A cultivating implement has an elongated frame portion that mounts a row of soil working members, each of which rotates about an upwardly extending shaft and mounts a lower tine or tines. The lower shaft end preferably is a flattened horizontal part and can have a threaded stub shaft that extends through a central hole in a matching horizontal tine fastening portion. Alternatively, the tine can be hollow and bolted to one side of a carrier. Preferably, the inner side of the tine is concave and a recess formed. Alternatively, the entire soil working portion is conical and tapers downwardly. The diameter of the upper part is at least five fold that of the lower part and is, at the most, one-fifth the total length of the soil working portion.

Abstract: A tank wagon for liquid material has interior partitions with dampeners to counteract movement and kenetic energy of the material with respect to the tank in one direction only. In this way, energy can be withdrawn from the liquid material movement during braking for instance, to mitigate adverse effects of such movement. In the embodiment detailed, partitions having openings are closed by hinged flaps during braking. Normally the flaps are gravity-urged to an open position. The tank can be composed of two compartments with different cross sections and length so that a lower and smaller compartment is located directly above a set of wheels. The larger compartment is contiguous with the upper part of the smaller compartment and is angled upwardly and forwardly. Thus, the lowermost portion of the larger compartment can be at the approximate level of the wheel axes.

Abstract: A raking machine has at least one circular tined rake member that is rotatable about an upwardly and forwardly inclined axis of rotation. The tines are pivotably mounted on the outer perimeter of the rake member to turn about horizontal pivot axes. Preferably, the diameter of the rake member is defined by the path described by the tips of the tines in operation and is 2 to 3.3 meters. During operation, the tines, viewed in plan are directed outwardly from the perimeter and rearwardly with respect to the direction of rotation so that with travelling speeds over the ground between 6 and 12 kms/hour and when the member is driven at a speed of rotation of 80 rev/min., the tine at the front of the rake member at any moment extends at an angle of about 45.degree. to 90.degree.