Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing monofunctional, bifunctional and polyfunctional aromatic olefins of the formula (I) by reacting haloaromatics of the formula (II) with olefins of the formula (III) wherein a palladium compound of the formula (IV) is used as catalyst.

Abstract: A process for preparing a bicyclooctanone, in particular 1,5-dialkylbicyclo[3.2.1]octan-8-one, by reacting a bicyclooctanol, in particular dialkylbicyclo[3.2.1]octan-8-ol, with a. a catalyst applied to an active-carbon support and comprising heteropolyoxometallate anions of vanadium, molybdenum and phosphorus, and also a corresponding alkali-metal, alkaline-earth-metal and/or ammonium counter ion, and b. a gaseous, oxygen-containing oxidizing agent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of organorhenium oxides from rhenium-containing compounds, where the rhenium-containing compound is reacted with a silylating agent and organylating reagent, and the rhenium-containing compound originates in particular from the residue from a spent organorhenium oxide catalyst or rhenium oxide catalyst.

Abstract: A composite comprising a polysilamine having a repeating unit represented by the following formula [—N(R1)—A1—Si(R2)(R3)—B—] wherein R1, R2 and R3 are the same or different and each is a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group; A1 is a lower alkylene group which may be substituted by a lower alkyl group, a group represented by the formula —A2—N(R4)—A3— or a group represented by the formula —A2—N(R4)—A3—N(R5)—A4—, wherein A2, A3 and A4 are the same or different and each is a lower alkylene group which may be substituted by a lower alkyl group; R4 and R5 are the same or different and each is a hydrogen atom or lower alkyl groups; B is a lower alkylene group which may be substituted by a lower alkyl group; and n is an integer of not less than 2, and a strong acid is disclosed. This composite has proton conductivity and is thus suitably used as an electrolyte membrane of a fuel cell.

Abstract: Fluorinated phenanthrene derivatives and their use in liquid-crystalline mixtures Fluorinated phenanthrene derivatives of the formula (I) in which G is —CHF—CH2— or —CF═CH—, E1, E2, E3, E4, E5 and E6 are identical or different and are —CH—, —CF— or —N— and R1(—A1—M1)a(—A2—M2)b, (M3—A3—)c(M4—A4—)d R2 denote mesogenic radicals are suitable as components for liquid-crystalline mixtures, especially ferroelectric mixtures.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for producing compound containing fluorine, particularly fluorobenzaldehyde and fluorobenzonitrle, by a halogen exchange reaction with a compound of the formula I as fluorinating agent, defined in the specification, and a quatenary aminophosphonium compound of the formula III as catalyst, as defined in the specification, and in a solvent consisting of a nitro and/or sulfoxy substituted organic compound of the formula IVa and/or IVb, as defined in the specification.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for recovering cobalt carbonyl catalysts used in the preparation of N-acyl-alpha-amino acid derivatives by amidocarbonylation comprising the process steps:adding aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution to the reaction solution present after the preparation of the N-acyl-.alpha.-amino acid derivative,then separating the aqueous phase containing water-soluble cobalt(II) salt from the nonaqueous product-containing phase,subsequently adding an alkali metal salt of the N-acyl-alpha-amino acid derivative to the aqueous phase from the previous process step,then separating off the precipitated cobalt salt of the N-acyl-alpha-amino acid derivative, andfinally converting the resulting cobalt salt of the N-acyl-alpha-amino acid derivative into the cobalt carbonyl catalyst in the presence of a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen.

Abstract: 5,7-Difluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene derivatives of the formula (I)R.sup.1 (-A.sup.1 -M.sup.1).sub.a (-A.sup.2 -M.sup.2).sub.b -B(-M.sup.3 -A.sup.3).sub.c (-M.sup.4 -A.sup.4).sub.d -R.sup.2 (I)in whichB isand ##STR1## R.sup.1 (-A.sup.1 -M.sup.1).sub.a (-A.sup.2 -M.sup.2) and (-M.sup.3 -A.sup.3).sub.c (-M.sup.4 -A.sup.4)R.sup.2 denote mesogenic radicals are suitable as components of liquid-crystal mixtures, in particular ferroelectric.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for the selective preparation of a styrene of formula (1) ##STR1## by reacting an acetophenone of formula (1) ##STR2## with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst containing one of several oxides, in particular metal oxides, wherein the oxide contains an element form the groups Ia, IIa, IIIa, IVa, VIa, Ib, IIb, IVb, Vb, VIb, and/or VIII or an element from the lanthanide group. The catalyst contains preferably on or several oxides of the formula ZnM.sup.1.sub.b M.sup.2.sub.c O.sub.x, where M.sup.1 stands for at least one element from the Al, Zr, Ti and Si group, M.sup.2 stands for at least one element from the Cd, Cu, Ag, Ni, Co, Fe, Mn, Cr, Mo, Ta, Sc, W, V, Nb, Hf, Yt, B, In, Zn, Pb, Bi Se, Ga, Ge, Sb, As, Te group, or an element from the lanthanides, b=0-20, c=0-3, x corresponds to the number of oxygen atoms required for stoechiometric compensation, which results in accordance with the oxidation states of Zn, M.sup.1 and M.sup.2 or oxides of formula M.sup.3.sub.2 M.sup.

Abstract: The invention relates to spherical transparent polyester particles having a mean particle size <50 .mu.m and a monomodal particle size distribution having a span (d90-d10/d50)<2.5 which can be melted to form a continuous coating at temperatures <200.degree. C., to a process for their preparation and to their use for powder coatings.In a preferred embodiment the particles comprise units of formulae (I) and (2)--CO--X--CO (1)--O--D--O-- (2)whereX is a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6 to C.sub.14 -aromatic radical or an alkylene, polymethylene, cycloalkane or dimethylenecycloalkane group or a straight-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkanediyl group andD is an alkylene, polymethylene, cycloalkane or dimethylenecycloalkane group or a straight-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkanediyl group.

Abstract: A colored pulverulent coating composition comprising spherical particles having a mean particle size >40 .mu.m, in two or more different color tints, where at least the particles of one color tint are colored and the particles of the other color tint may be colorless. The particles employed for the mixture each have a monomodal particle size distribution with a span (d90-d90/d50) of .ltoreq.2.5. Furthermore the pulverulent coating composition can be melted at temperature <200.degree. C. to form a continuous coating, the differences in color which stem from the different-colored particles being indistinguishable to the human eye in the cured coating. The mean particle size (d50) of the spherical particles is preferably in the range from 40 .mu.m to >10 .mu.m. The novel coating composition can be used to produce coatings having a thickness of <50 .mu.m.

Abstract: Catalyst for halogen-fluorine exchange reactions on aromatics, consisting essentially of a mixture of one or more compounds of the component a) plus at least one compound of the components b), c) and/or d), whereina) is an amidophosphonium salt of the formula (I) ##STR1## where A.sup.1, A.sup.2, A.sup.3, A.sup.4, A.sup.5, A.sup.6, A.sup.7, A.sup.8 are, independently of one another, identical or different and are each a straight-chain or branched alkyl or alkenyl having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl having from 4 to 8 carbon atoms, an aryl having from 6 to 12 carbon atoms, an aralkyl having from 7 to 12 carbon atoms, or A.sup.1 A.sup.2, A.sup.3 A.sup.4, A.sup.5 A.sup.6, A.sup.7 A.sup.8 are, independently of one another, identical or different and are in each case connected to one another either directly or via O or N--A.sup.9 to form a ring having from 3 to 7 ring atoms, A.sup.9 is an alkyl having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and B.sup..crclbar.

Abstract: The invention relates to palladaphosphacyclobutanes of the formula (I) ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2 are, independently of one another, hydrogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)-alkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.12)-cycloalkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)-alkoxy, fluorine, N[(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)-alkyl].sub.2, CO.sub.2 -(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)-alkyl, OCO-(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)-alkyl or aryl;R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6 are, independently of one another, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.8)-alkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.12)-cycloalkyl or aryl;or where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, R.sup.1 or R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 or R.sup.4, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4, R.sup.3 or R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 or R.sup.6, or R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 together form an aliphatic ring; or where R.sup.5 and R.sup.6, R.sup.3 or R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 or R.sup.6 together form an aromatic ring; andY is an anion of an inorganic or organic acid, with the exception of the compoundsdi-.mu.-chloro-bis[2-[bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)phosphino]-2-methylpropyl-C,P]d ipalladium(II)di-.mu.

Abstract: A method for producing polybenzimidazole (PBI) fabrics for use as fuel cell or battery electrolytes by soaking a sulfonated or non-sulfonated PBI fabric in an acid solution, whereby the fibers of the fabric become swollen with the acid solution; and drying the fabric to remove residual water or methanol and concentrating the acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the identification and molecular-biological and biochemical characterization of novel DEAH-box proteins which show structural similarity with other known helicases. The invention also relates to DNA sequences encoding such proteins. It is demonstrated that such proteins bind ATP and nucleic acid and possess helicase and ATPase activities. This invention further relates to processes for preparation of such proteins and their use in pharmacologically relevant test systems and therapeutic applications.

Abstract: Bleach systems comprising bis- and tris(.mu.-oxo)dimanganese complex salts as catalystBis- and tris(.mu.-oxo)dimanganese complex salts of the formula?LMn(.mu.-O).sub.a (.mu.-OAc).sub.b MnL!.sup.x A.sub.yas catalysts for oxidizing organic compounds, in which formulaAc is a C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 -acyl group,a is 1, 2 or 3,b is 0 if a is 2 or 3 or is 2 if a is 1,x denotes the number of positive charges and is 2 or 3,A is an anion,y is the equivalent amount of anion A required to compensate the positive charges, andL is a ligand, preferably N,N'-bis(2-pyridylmethyl)-N-methylamine or N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)-1,2-ethylenediamineare employed as catalysts in bleach systems for textile material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to phosphorus-modified epoxy resins of the formulae (I) and/or (II) ##STR1## The invention furthermore relates to a process for the preparation of these phosphorus-modified epoxy resins and to their use for the production of shaped articles, coatings or laminates.

Abstract: The invention relates to chiral tertiary alkyldiarylphosphines of the formula (I), ##STR1## where: R.sup.1 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, which can also be substituted by F, CF.sub.3, OCH.sub.3,Ar.sup.1, Ar.sup.2 are phenyl, naphthyl, anthracenyl, which can also bear one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkoxy, CF.sub.3, F,* designates the chiral carbon atom which can have either an (R) or an (S) configuration,and also a process for preparing these compounds.