Abstract: Method and apparatus for forming a photographic record representing acoustic characteristics of a sound field such as the distribution of sound pressure and the distribution of equiphase surface wave are disclosed. A microphone and a light emitting diode are reciprocally moved to scan a plane in the sound field and an envelope signal of an output signal from the microphone is derived. The envelope signal is then sampled at a given sampling frequency to produce a sample signal. A carrier having a given frequency is amplitude-modulated with the sample signal to derive a modulated signal. Then, a switching circuit is controlled by the modulated signal in such a manner that when the envelope signal exceeds a predetermined value, the switching circuit is made on and off repeatedly and thus the light emitting diode is turned on and off at a rate of the carrier frequency to form a locas of the light spot. An image of the locus of the light spot is recorded optically on a photographic film.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a pneumatic radial tire having an improved bead portion durability, which comprises a main tire body reinforcement of a radial carcass ply and a bead portion reinforcement of a metal cord layer arranged along the turnup portion of the carcass ply wound around the bead core of the bead portion from the inside to the outside. In the tire of this type, the bead portion reinforcement is composed of a support reinforcing layer and a turnup-end protecting layer independently arranged on the inside and outside of the bead core, and the turnup-end protecting layer has a modulus of elasticity at 1% elongation in cord direction smaller than that of the support reinforcing layer.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire for off-road vehicles, comprising a carcass body containing organic fiber cords and a breaker composed of at least one rubberized layer each containing reinforcing elements embedded therein and having an overall cut resistant property for all types of cuts together with an excellent separation resistant property and high abrasion resistant property is disclosed. The reinforcing element is composed of a bundle formed by merely assembling helically formed filaments together without twisting. The reinforcing element is formed of a material having a tensile strength of at least 140 Kg/mm.sup.2 and an elongation at breaking strength which is 0.15 to 1.7 times that of the organic fiber cord of the carcass body.

Abstract: An elastomeric shock and vibration isolator having a ring shaped rubber member in which a space is formed or a ring shaped rubber member having within such an internal space a sealed gas chamber and two liquid chambers filled with liquid which are interconnected through an orifice has a tightening ring on the outer circumference of the ring shaped member. The tightening ring is adjustable to adjust the tightening force against the ring shaped rubber member. The characteristics of a thus constructed elastomeric shock and vibration isolator can be changed to correspond to the position and condition of utilization.

Abstract: A surface modifying composition for vulcanized rubber comprises a halogen-releasable halogenoid and a waxy substance having a melting point of not more than 100.degree. C. and is non-solvent type. In the surface modification of vulcanized rubber, the surface coated with the surface modifying composition is heated at 60.degree.-150.degree. C.

Abstract: A collapsible rubber dam secured to a riverbed portion and slope portions of both riverbanks is inflated and deflated by supply and discharge of a fluid. A pipe for supply and discharge of a fluid is communicated with the inside of the rubber dam from the shape portion of at least one riverbank except the riverbed portion securing the rubber dam. Preferably, the pipe for supply and discharge of the fluid is located in a region defined by a top end of the rubber dam located in the slope portion, a line connecting the top end of the rubber dam to substantially a middle position of a deflated width of the rubber dam at a toe of the slope portion, and a securing position of the rubber dam at the toe of the slope portion.

Abstract: A rubber composition having an improved crack growth resistance is disclosed, which contains 1-40 wt % of granular bodies having an average particle diameter of 5-500 .mu.m, which contain 2-40 wt % of micro short fibers having an average diameter of not more than 1 .mu.m, an average length of 1-30 .mu.m and an aspect ratio of not less than 8 and orientated in uniaxial or biaxial direction, and is random in the orientation axis of the micro short fiber between the granular bodies.

Abstract: A combination radial tire for heavy load vehicles comprising a thread portion consisting of a combination of a belt composed of at least two metal cord layers and a carcass composed of at least two organic textile cord plies. In the lower half region of the carcass located at a bead portion, at least one additional reinforcing layer is interposed between the carcass plies and/or another additional reinforcing layer is interposed between the carcass ply and rubber stocks sandwiched between the carcass ply and its turn-up portion, these additional reinforcing layers being extended in parallel with the carcass ply cords and including organic textile cords.

Abstract: A pneumatic radial tire having an improved durable life is disclosed. In the pneumatic radial tire, a metal cord used in the carcass ply is characterized by having a layer construction of 3+9+1 wherein three filaments are twisted together to form a core, nine filaments each having the same diameter as in the filament for the core are twisted around the core to form a second layer and a single filament is wrapped around the second layer, and limiting a twisting angle .alpha. of the second layer to a range of 72.0.degree..ltoreq..alpha..ltoreq.78.0.degree..

Abstract: A process of manufacturing carcass bands which are reinforced by cords and are to be employed in fabricating a radial tire.

Abstract: A ply-turning device for use in tire-building is disclosed herein which is adapted to turnup a surplus portion of a carcass ply around a bead core in the manufacture of large size tires each having a pair of axially protruding side portions. The device comprises a plurality of ply-turning vanes being arranged concentrically to a first drum for the formation of a green case and circumferentially in the form of a cylinder at a collapsed position and being movable from the collapsed position to an opened position of a frustoconical shape in opposition to each axially protruding side edge portion of the drum by means of link means, a hydraulically driving means moving toward and away from the drum, and a retractably moving means for moving all the ply-turning vanes together with the link means.

Abstract: A heavy duty radial tire having a tread of a double zigzag pattern, wherein the main groove is formed into a zigzag and further the ridge of a rib adjacent to the zigzag main groove is formed into a zigzag, whose pitch and amplitude are considerably smaller than those of the zigzag main groove, has a high irregular wear resistance without deteriorating the wet performance of the tire.

Abstract: For folding an annular resilient band about a circumferential fold line, the band is first wrapped on a generally cylindrical, radially collapsible drum structure having a cylindrical external contour about the center axis of the drum and an annular zone radially inward of the contour with an inflatable annular first bladder positioned in such a manner as to have a folded-over axial end portion axially protruding into the aforesaid annular zone and with an inflatable annular second bladder positioned radially inwardly of the first bladder and in such a manner that the first and second bladders have axial portions overlapping each other, whereupon the first bladder is inflated to a medium expanded state so that an axial end portion of the band on the drum structure is contacted by the bladder and displaced radially outwardly and thereafter the first bladder is moved axially away from the drum structure for forming an annular gap between the first bladder and the axial end portion of the band, the second bladde