Abstract: The invention pertains to a soft intracameral lens determined for the location in the posterior chamber of eye.The soft intracameral hydrogel lens has its front supporting and centering convex part determined for leaning against iris having in front a rotation symmetrical shape of a sphere, paraboloid or hyperboloid and passing into the broadest circumference by a surface which shape is equal to or approaches a shape of lateral area of cone, while the hinder supporting part of the lens with a spherical, planar, or moderately convex or concave-curved shape for leaning against a hinder capsula or a membrane from vitreous body in a large surface area. The hinder supporting part is broadened and forms on the edge a retaining ring reaching over the front part as much as by 1.5 mm, whereas the central thickness of the lens ranges between 1 to 3.5 mm. The surface of the soft intracameral lens may be formed, at least in part, from a soft hydrogel containing at least 70% of water at 20.degree. C.

Abstract: The invention pertains to apparatus for casting polymeric gels from volatile mixtures of monomers in open molds. The principle of the invention resides in the fact that the same concentrations of volatile components present in the polymerization mixture are also present in the gaseous state within a protective gas maintained above the free surface of the polymerization mixture, the gaseous volatile components being in the equilibrium state with those in the polymerization mixture at polymerization temperature. The apparatus includes a main pipe branch which introduces a pure protective gas into a polymerization apparatus and at least one auxiliary pipe branch for saturating the protective gas with a volatile component.

Abstract: Membrane for barium ion selective electrodeThe solution pertains to a membrane for barium ion selective electrode formed by the film of suitable polymeric material, for example, high-molecular weight poly(vinyl chloride), with an ion exchanger based on a neutral carrier, namely N,N'-diphenyl-N,N'-di-(2-n-butyloxycarbonylphenyl)diamide of 3,6,9-trioxaundecandioic acid ##STR1##

Abstract: Column for liquid chromatography contains a glass tube for sorbent packing closed with simple column seals and inserted into a jacket made of metal or plastic material. The jacket transfers axial forces exerted on the column seals by liquid pressure action by means of sockets. It secures the tightness of the column, enables the connection of the column to a chromatographic system, and has a protective function at the same time. The columns can be coupled in series by means of doubled sockets.

Abstract: Determination of microorganisms in body fluids for diagnosis is carried out by passing a body fluid through a column packed with a sorbent which traps microorganisms contained by the body fluid. A culture medium is added to the column, and after culturing the presence of microorganisms is determined. The column is a substantially cylindrical body and is connected via a porous partition to a conical terminal at each end. One conical terminal is an inlet and the other is an outlet. A sorbent porous material is positioned between the partitions and the partitions have different porosities. Total inner volume of the column is about 30 to 300 ml, and volume ratio of the cylindrical body to the conic terminals is about 1:0.3 to 1:5. Preferably, the volume of the cylindrical body is about 10 to 100 ml and the total volume of the both conic terminals is about 20 to 200 ml.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a soft intracameral lens intended for location in the posterior chamber of the eye.The soft intracameral hydrogel lens has a front supporting and centering convex part intended for leaning against the iris having a rotational symmetrical shape of a sphere, paraboloid, or hyperboloid and passing into the broadest circumference by a surface, the shape of this surface being equal to or approaching the shape of the lateral area of a cone, while the hinder, or rear, supporting part of the lens has a spherical, planar, or moderately convex or concave-curved shape and a large surface area for leaning against a hinder capsula or a membrane of the vitreous body. The hinder supporting part is broadened and forms on its edge a retaining ring which reaches over the front part by as much as 1.5 mm, whereas the central thickness of the lens ranges between 1 to 3.5 mm.

Abstract: The solution concerns hydrophilic transparent crosslinked copolymers and a method for their production.A substance of the solution is the hydrophilic copolymer which can be prepared by the radical copolymerization of monomers with the general formula I, where R is hydrogen or methyl, alone or in their mutual combinations or by copolymerization of the monomers with general formula I and the monomers with general formula II, where R.sup.1 means hydrogen or methyl and X is a group OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OH, OCH.sub.2 CH(OH)CH.sub.3, OCH.sub.2 CH(OH)CH.sub.2 OH, (OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2).sub.3 OH, (OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2).sub.2 OH, alkoxyl from OCH.sub.3 to OC.sub.16 H.sub.33, NH.sub.2, NHCH.sub.2 (OH)CH.sub.3, N(C.sub.2 H.sub.5).sub.2, and NH-tert-C.sub.4 H.sub.9, whereas the content of monomers of the general formula I and II amounts to 40 to 99.99 wt.-% of the entire mixture, where at least 5 wt.-% form the monomers of general formula I, with 0.01 to 60 wt.

Abstract: A method for preparation of macroporous polymeric membranes consisting in placing a mixture of monomers and a radical initiator, dissolved in a porogenic inert organic solvent selected from the group comprising alcohols, estes of carboxylic acids, ketones, and their mixtures, into a space of an adapted shape formed by two temperature-controlled plates and a distance insert having the thickness corresponding to the required thickness of membrane and heating up to 80.degree. C. for 24 hours at utmost in order to carry out the radical polymerization. Azo-bis-isobutyronitrile is advantageously used as an initiator in the amount 0.05-2 wt. % related to monomers in the polymerization mixture. Cyclohexanol or its mixture containing up to 20 vol. % dodecanol are advantageously used as a porogenic solvent in the amount 40-60 vol. % in the polymerization batch.

Abstract: A method has been developed of the production of D-arabinose as a base material in the production of vitamin B2. the substance of the method rests in that the solution of a salt of D-gluconic acid is subject to direct electrochemical degradation oxidation by the action of direct current and with the aid of the fluidized bed anode with a layer of electrically conductive particles kept in suspension by the flow of the reaction mixture. Graphite or coke is used as electrically conductive particles.

Abstract: The invention pertains to capryloyloxyalkyl acrylates of the general formulaCH.sub.2 .dbd.CH--CO--O--R--O--CO--(CH.sub.2).sub.6 --CH.sub.3,where R is an alkylene group with 2 to 6 carbon atoms, their polymers and copolymers containing structure units of the general formula ##STR1## where R is alkylene group or different alkylene groups with 2 to 6 carbon atoms and the polymer contains either 100% of the capryloyloxyalkyl acrylate structure units or additional vinyl chloride structure units in the main chain or side chains.The invention also pertains to the method for preparation of capryloyloxyalkyl arcylate which consists in the esterification of hydroxyalkyl caprylate of the general formulaHO--R--O--CO--(CH.sub.2).sub.6 --CH.sub.3,where R has the above given meaning, with acrylic acid, its chloride, bromide or anhydride or of hydroxyalkyl acrylate of the general formulaHO--R--O--CO--CH.dbd.CH.sub.

Abstract: A hard introcular lens having shape memory consisting of a copolymer having a glass transition temperature (T.sub.g) from 40.degree. C. to 60.degree. C. that is deformable into the shape of a straight or bent rod with a diameter of 1 to 4 mm at a temperature above its T.sub.g temperature and cooled to fix the deformation for insertion into the human eye through a small incision. After insertion into the eye the deformed lens will soften and relax to its original undeformed shape by elevating its temperature with a rinsing solution above 40.degree. C. and will maintain its final shape after a subsequent temperature reduction at normal body temperature of about 37.degree. C. whereby the lens becomes a hardened lens.

Abstract: Method for the formation of hydrophilic layers on the surface of objects made from polymeric esters and/or nitriles of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid by means of hydrolysis caused by stron acids at elevated temperature, where the solubility of polymer in warm acid is reduced by addition of a salt which alone does not react with the polymer, advantageously of a salt of the used acid. The thickness of the hydrophilic layer may be controlled by changing the concentration of salt and the survace layer containing hydroxyl groups may be at the same time or subsequently thickened by treatment with a multifunctional primary or secondary alcohol, whereas the alcohol groups may be previosuly, at least in part, esterified with an acid which is weaker than is the acid used for hydrolysis.

Abstract: The solution pertains to a hydrophilic copolymer suitable in particular for contact and intraocular lenses and medical applications and to a method for its production.The solution consists in a hydrophilic copolymer which can be prepared by copolymerization of 5 to 95 wt.-% 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone with 95 to 5 wt.-% alkylene glycol acetate methacrylates or acrylates of the general formula I ##STR1## where R is the group CH.sub.2 .dbd.CH-- or CH.sub.2 .dbd.C(CH.sub.3)-- and n means an integer 1 to 3, in the presence of 0.01 to 50 wt.-% of a crosslinking agent under the conditions of radical copolymerization in the presence of radical initiators.

Abstract: Contact lens or intraocular lens from lightly crosslinked polymer of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate or from such its copolymer, where the 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate component prevails over the second nonhydrophilic component, which contains a hydrophilic swellable transparent surface layer and an inner portion of lower swellability than the surface layer, whereby the swellability of the surface layer decreases continuously from the exterior of the surface layer towards the inner portion to the swellability level of the inner portion.The swellability of the exterior of the surface layer is at the surface layer of up to 98% and the thickness of the surface layer is at utmost 100 .mu.m.The finally shaped lense is treated with an alkaline reacting solution of a salt, in which the lens does not swell and the lens is then freed of all soluble substances by washing.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a new design of contact lenses and to the method of their manufacturing. The contact lens comprising a carrier portion and a hydrophilic supporting portion mediating the contact of the lens with the eye surface, wherein both these parts are made from different materials, with the supporting portion being divided into two or more independent pieces protruding above the concave surface of the lens and lead from the lens circumference towards the lens center which is left free, with gaps being provided between individual pieces. The supporting part is made from a water-swelling synthetic crosslinked hydrogel which has, in the state of full swelling with physiological saline, a swelling capacity of about 40 to 95 percent, whereas the carrier optical portion is made from a transparent material having a modulus of elasticity at least twice that of the modulus of elasticity of the supporting portion. The supporting portion forms a gap of at least 0.

Abstract: An object of the invention are macroporous polymeric membranes, suitable above all for the separation of polymers, which consist of the copolymer of a monovinyl monomer, selected from the group comprising acrylates, methacrylates, vinylpyridine, N-vinylpyrrolidone, vinyl acetate, and hydroxystyrene, with a divinyl monomer, selected from the group comprising alkylene and hydroxyalkylene diacrylates and dimethacrylates, divinylbenzene, and divinylpyridine, at the ratio of monomers of both types ranging from 5:95 to 95:5 wt.%. The membranes are formed from polymeric globular entities which have the size 0.05 to 0.05 .mu.m and are interconnected by covalent bonds, whereas communicating voids - pores occur between the globuli. The total thickness of membranes is 0.2 to 15 mm and their specific surface area, which is measurable also in the dry state, may attain 400 m.sup.2 /g. Glycidyl methacrylate is advantageously used as the monovinyl monomer in the amount 5-80 vol.% related to the total volume of monomers.

Abstract: A perforated soft contact lens which has at least one perforated formed inside the optical zone of lens, i.e. in the distance 0 to 3.5 mm from the lens center. It is manufactured by placing the lens in a swollen state with its inner surface on an elastic base and pressing a punch perpendicularly to the outer surface. Further possible method of manufacturing consists in sticking the soft hydrophilic lens on a hard base, drying and then drilling the openings, advantageously to the first contact of a drill with the base.

Abstract: The equipment solves the problems of appropriate and simple construction and suitable especially for continuous separation of solid sublimable compounds from the gaseous mixture. The equipment consists of a desublimer 1 and separator 4 in which is situated a conical vessel 5 and the well 7. The principle of the invention is that between the outlet neck 6 of the conical vessel 5 and the well 7 is situated a filter 9 of a conical shape with the angles of wall inclination between 10.degree. and 45.degree., whose upper end is connected with the outlet neck 6.

Abstract: A toric contact lens with the center of gravity displaced in the direction to its edge by the effect of an one-sided thickening of the lens, where, according to the invention, its optical zone has as far as to the diameter of 5 to 8 mm the center of gravity precisely in the lens axis and the thickening is performed at one place of its edge to displace the center of gravity of the whole lens outside its axis, which thickening has the form of a drop, which would be formed by running down a liquid wetting a front convex surface of the lens if the lens is placed in the vertical position, whereas the direction of displacement of the center of gravity includes the required angle with the direction of toricity of the optical zone.The casting surface of mould for production of the toric contct lens according to the invention is provided with a marginal cavity corresponding to the required thickening.

Abstract: A soft and elastic intracameral lens, the back surface of which is formed by a continuous rotation-symmetric convex surface and the front surface comprises a central convex surface of sphere or quadric rotation-symmetric body linked on the diameter of 4 to 8 mm, preferably through a rounded transition, to a concave ring surface of a sphere or a toroid, whereas the distance between the concave ring surface and the back surface is 0.05 to 1.5 mm.The intracameral lens according to the invention is manufactured by charging a mold, which has the negative shape of the required front surface of the lens and is provided at the periphery with a sharp edge protruding by 0.05 to 1.5 mm above the end of the peripheral ring surface, with a monomer mixture as high as above the sharp edge to form a continuous convex meniscus and the mold with the monomer mixture is then exposed to polymerization conditions.