Abstract: Aromatic amines, for example, diarylamines such as diphenylamine, dinaphthylamine, N-phenyl-N-naphthyl amine etc., are alkylated by passing a mixture of the amine and an olefin, though a clay catalyst in a fixed bed reactor system. The process is conveniently run as a continued process, produces an alkylated aromatic amine in excellent purity and provides efficiencies in material and energy use.

Abstract: Lubricant compositions comprising an improved ashless organic friction modifier additive, capable of reducing both friction and wear, is provided. It has been found that mixtures of fatty-alkanolamides containing secondary hydroxyls on the amino alkyl substituent, such as amide mixtures prepared from bis(2-hydroxyporopyl)amine and mixtures of at least two different C8-24 fatty acids, provide better oil solubility and friction reduction than alkanolamides with primary hydroxyl functionality, such as amide mixtures prepared from di-ethanol)amine.

Abstract: A metal-free detergent and antioxidant additive comprising the reaction product of an acidic organic compound, a boron compound, a polyamine such as polyethylene imine, and optionally an alkoxylated amine and/or an alkoxylated amide, is provided. The additives of the present invention have higher TBN than similar compounds known in the art.

Abstract: Resin compositions, e.g., epoxy resin compositions, comprising flame retardant materials obtained by heating phosphonic acid salts at temperatures above 200° C., have excellent properties and exhibit manageable curing behavior. Laminates, composites, molded articles and the like, which have excellent flame retardant properties and physical characteristics, are readily prepared from the resin compositions of the invention.

Abstract: Working fluids comprising a refrigerant blend comprising a fluorinated alkane and a fluorinated olefin refrigerant, and a polyol ester lubricant composition comprising a mixture of alkylcarboxy esters of mono-pentaerythritol, di-pentaerythritol, tri-pentaerythritol and pentaerythritol oligomers, wherein at least 10 wt % of all polyol esters are esters of pentaerythritol oligomers of 4 or more pentaerythritol monomer groups.

Abstract: Disclosed is a chiller for a canister including: a drum-shaped tray with an open upper part; an inner casing inserted in the tray with a given space between the inside wall surface of the tray and the inner casing for receiving the canister; and a drainage container arranged between the inner casing and the tray for collecting cooling water discharged from the inner casing, thus preventing dew from being produced on the surface of the tray.

Abstract: A hydroxyphenyl or alkoxyphenyl phosphine oxide composition comprising (i) a first mixture of mono-(hydroxyphenyl) or (alkoxyphenyl)phosphine oxide isomers, (ii) a second mixture of bis-(hydroxyaryl) or (alkoxyphenyl)phosphine oxide isomers, (iii) a third mixture of tris-(hydroxyaryl) or (alkoxyphenyl)phosphine oxide isomers, and optionally iv) a minority amount of non-hydroxy or non-alkoxy tris-phenyl phosphine oxides is provided. Also provided are epoxy resins compositions with excellent flame retardancy and physical properties, which resins comprise the phosphine oxide composition.

Abstract: A process for preparing a curing composition of a coordination complex comprising methylenedianiline (MDA) and a salt, and less than 1000 of free MDA. The curing composition may be used in curing polyurethanes and epoxy resins.

Abstract: Combining a metal based friction modifier, such as a molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate, and certain esters of hydroxy carboxylic acids, such as short chain alkyl esters of citric or tartaric acid, e.g., tributyl citrate, has a synergistic effect on lowering the friction coefficient of lubricating oils allowing one to reduce the amount of metal based friction modifier needed to adequately formulate a lubricant with low friction characteristics.

Abstract: Plasticizer free curing compositions comprising small particle size complexes of methylenedianiline and an alkali salt, e.g. a 3:1 coordination complex of MDA/alkali salt, with average diameter 60 micron or less, often 20 micron or less, e.g., 10 microns or less, dispersed in a volatile, non-polar, organic solvent are prepared. Stable one pack urethane compositions comprising the plasticizer free curing compositions and polyurethane prepolymers are prepared, which exhibit excellent storage stability and overcome many of the drawbacks encountered when using MDA complexes dispersed in plasticizers such as high boiling aromatic and alkyl di-esters.

Abstract: A flexible polyurethane foam containing a flame retardant blend of at least one diester diol a ring-brominated aromatic compound and at least one epoxy resin.

Abstract: A friction modifier composition for reducing friction in a lubricant comprising a fatty acid sorbitan ester that is solid or semi-solid. The fatty acid sorbitan ester is capable of being released into a lubricant at a rate of less than or equal to 0.15 grams per minute.

Abstract: In a process for producing a tetrabromophthalic diester composition, a liquid reaction mixture is prepared comprising tetrabromophthalic anhydride (TBPA), a C2 to C6 polyhydric aliphatic alcohol (PAA) and an alkylene oxide (AO) selected from the group consisting of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, said reaction mixture being substantially free of an organic solvent. While agitating the reaction mixture, the temperature of the reaction mixture is raised to at least 50° C. to allow the TBPA to react with the PAA and AO to produce a diester composition. The reaction is terminated when the diester composition has an acid value equal to or less than 0.25 mg KOH/gm of the diester composition.

Abstract: Lubricant compositions comprising an improved ashless organic friction modifier additive, capable of reducing both friction and wear, is provided. It has been found that mixtures of fatty-alkanolamides containing secondary hydroxyls on the amino alkyl substituent, such as amide mixtures prepared from bis(2-hydroxyporopyl)amine and mixtures of at least two different C8-24 fatty acids, provide better oil solubility and friction reduction than alkanolamides with primary hydroxyl functionality, such as amide mixtures prepared from di-ethanol)amine.

Abstract: A flame-retardant resin composition comprises a base resin (A), such as a polyamide resin, and an aromatic organophosphorus oligomer or polymer.

Abstract: Certain aluminum salts of organic phosphorus acids are found to have a strong effect on inhibiting the epoxy cure rate in epoxy formulations. The substances act catalytically and can be used at a low level in an epoxy formulation to adjust the reactivity of a resin formulation to give longer gel times. Compositions and methods of preparing and using the compositions are disclosed.

Abstract: A non-pneumatic tire comprising one or more radial regions have differing Shore A/Shore D hardness. The non-pneumatic tire comprises side cavities that are staggered with respect to laterally opposing side cavities, and laterally extending tread grooves that are in substantial radial alignment with or substantially offset relative to the cavities. One radial region may comprising the side cavities, while another radial region with a different hardness comprises the tread grooves. Also provided are processes for making such tires and to off-the-road (OTR) vehicles employing such tires.

Abstract: Mixtures of select neopentyl polyol esters are found to be highly miscible with the refrigerant R-32 over a wide temperature range. Working fluids are provided comprising R-32 and a lubricant containing these select neopentyl polyol esters and having a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. of 32 cSt or higher. Specifically, the lubricant composition of the invention comprises a mixture of alkylcarboxy esters of neopentyl polyols, wherein at least 10 wt % of all neopentyl polyol esters are esters of pentaerythritol oligomers of 4 or more pentaerythritol monomer groups, and wherein a majority of the alkylcarboxylate groups of the alkylcarboxy esters of neopentyl polyols are pentanoyl groups wherein at least 15% of the pentanoyl groups are branched.

Abstract: Bromine containing compounds, such as calcium bromide, sodium bromide and the like, are prepared in high purity and more quickly with less waste by using a process with two bromination stages and often a third step wherein the crude product mixture can be adjusted to meet specific product requirements. In the first bromination stage, the majority, but not all, of a substrate is brominated usiung a reductive bromination reaction, the remaining unreacted substrate is converted to product in the second stage through another a reductive bromination reaction, although the specific reagents may be different, wherein the addition of bromine and a reducing agent are carefully monitored.

Abstract: Aromatic amines, for example, diarylamines such as diphenylamine, dinaphthylamine, N-phenyl-N-naphthyl amine etc., are alkylated by passing a mixture of the amine and an olefin, though a clay catalyst in a fixed bed reactor system. The process is conveniently run as a continued process, produces an alkylated aromatic amine in excellent purity and provides efficiencies in material and energy use.