Abstract: A composition including a styrene acrylate copolymer; an organic cationic polyelectrolyte; at least one inorganic pigment; a binder; a wetting agent and a salt. Such a coated multipurpose paper is suitable for use on inkjet printers, laser printers, fax machines, copiers, offset presses and more. A process for preparing such a multicoated paper is also provided.

Abstract: Potassium monofluorophosphate is found to be superior to sodium monofluorophosphate as a corrosion inhibitor for steel reinforcement members in reinforced concrete; conveniently the potassium monofluorophosphate in aqueous solution is contacted with a surface of the reinforced concrete to facilitate penetration of the potassium monofluorophosphate into the concrete.

Abstract: A paper-based sheet for wallcoverings that is made in a single pass on a standard paper making machine is described. The sheet has a print side and a barrier side and is made from softwood pulp in an amount of about 15% to about 40% by dry weight; hardwood pulp in an amount of about 30% to about 55% by dry weight; and, mineral filler in an amount of about 15% to about 30% by dry weight. A first coating is applied to the print side of the sheet in an amount of about 5 to about 20 gm/m2 dry weight. A second coating is applied to the barrier side of the sheet in an amount of about 2.5 to about 10 gm/m2 dry weight. The advantage is a strong, durable, alkaline wallcovering that is less expensive to produce, and provides a smooth print surface.

Abstract: A paper-based sheet for wallcoverings that is made in a single pass on a standard paper making machine is described. The sheet has a print side and a barrier side and is made from softwood pulp in an amount of about 15% to about 40% by dry weight; hardwood pulp in an amount of about 30% to about 55% by dry weight; and, mineral filler in an amount of about 15% to about 30% by dry weight. A first coating is applied to the print side of the sheet in an amount of about 5 to about 20 gm/m2 dry weight. A second coating is applied to the barrier side of the sheet in an amount of about 2.5 to about 10 gm/m2 dry weight. The advantage is a strong, durable, alkaline wallcovering that is less expensive to produce, and provides a smooth print surface.

Abstract: An assembly of packaged reams of paper sheets for point of purchase or distribution display has a plurality of stacked layers of the packaged reams in contacting relationship; an adhesive film between at least some contacting upper and lower packaged reams adheres the packaged reams together; the adhesive has a high strength component in a first lateral direction of the film effective to hinder relative horizontal movement of the contacting upper and lower packaged reams having the adhesive film therebetween, and a weak strength component in a second direction perpendicular to the lateral direction such that the contacting upper and lower packaged reams are readily separated by a displacing force in the second direction; a flexible protective sheet is wrapped about the stacked layers; the assembly optionally includes a tubular sleeve applied over the stacked layers at the point of purchase or distribution, after removal of the protective sheet, a removable panel in the tubular sleeve exposes the packaged ream

Abstract: A method and knowledge-based system for generating a holistic health index for diagnosis and decision support in operational management of biological treatment of waste water with a microbial population; measured parameters of an operating biological treatment employing a microbial population are compared with benchmark values in a data base to generate a comparison value and a holistic health index of the operating microbial population is generated from the comparison values which provide an evaluation of the operational management of the biological treatment. Based on such evaluation the operating parameters of the treatment may be adjusted to maintain the treatment at an optimum level.

Abstract: Aromatic organic contaminants in waste water efficiently removed by oxidizing the contaminants with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of a catalytic amount of ferrous ions, at an acid pH, to produce an oxidized water which may be passed through activated carbon to adsorb residual organic contaminants; the process is especially useful for treatment of contaminated water derived from a wood preservation treatment and containing polyaromatic hydrocarbons and phenols and/or chlorinated phenols.

Abstract: An assembly of packaged reams of paper sheets for point of purchase or distribution display has a plurality of stacked layers of the packaged reams in contacting relationship; an adhesive film between at least some contacting upper and lower packaged reams adheres the packaged reams together; the adhesive has a high strength component in a first lateral direction of the film effective to hinder relative horizontal movement of the contacting upper and lower packaged reams having the adhesive film therebetween, and a weak strength component in a second direction perpendicular to the lateral direction such that the contacting upper and lower packaged reams are readily separated by a displacing force in the second direction; a flexible protective sheet is wrapped about the stacked layers; the assembly optionally includes a tubular sleeve applied over the stacked layers at the point of purchase or distribution, after removal of the protective sheet, a removable panel in the tubular sleeve exposes the packaged ream

Abstract: Waste cellulosic paper products, for example, old corrugated containers are recycled employing oxygen delingnification in the presence of an alkaline material to produce a recycled pulp of lower kappa number, while maintaining adequate strength in the pulp. The recycling process preferably employs an acid pretreatment in combination with the oxygen delignification, and exposure of the waste product to the alkaline material is preferably controlled so that at any point in the delignification the waste product is exposed to not more than 50%, by dry weight, of the alkaline material based on the weight of residual lignin in the waste paper product.

Abstract: A security paper is provided for incorporation in a security document, or other document having intrinsic value. The security paper includes a resinous substrate sheet on which indicia are printed. Paper sheets are laminated on either side of the resinous substrate sheet using a suitable adhesive. In the laminated security paper, the indicia printed on the substrate sheet are undetectable when viewed in reflected light, but become apparent when viewed transmitted light within the visible spectrum. The security paper may be incorporated in a security document in which a set of indicia printed on at least one of the outer faces of the paper sheets, such that the indicia on the substrate and the indicia on the document form a total image when viewed in transmitted light. A method for manufacturing the security paper is also provided.

Abstract: Waste cellulosic paper products, for example, old corrugated container are recycled employing oxygen delignification in the presence of an alkaline material to produce a recycled pulp of lower kappa number, while maintaining adequate strength in the pulp. The recycling process preferably employs an acid pretreatment in combination with the oxygen delignification, and exposure of the waste product to the alkaline material is preferably controlled so that at any point in the delignification the waste product is exposed to not more than 50%, by dry weight, of the alkaline material based on the weight of residual lignin in the waste paper product.

Abstract: A concrete surface having at least a residual amount of sodium fluorophosphate. A method to reduce scaling due to freezing and thawing is also disclosed. The method comprises contacting the surface of a concrete with a system containing at least sodium fluorophosphate. The sodium fluorophosphate closes the pores to water and other foreign matter.

Abstract: A container for shipping household appliances such as refrigerators, stoves, washers, dryers and the like comprises six separate pieces. The pieces include a top cap, a separate bottom support which may also be in the form of a cap and four separate corner posts which form the package the appliance is placed on or within the bottom support or cap. The four corner posts are then placed on the four corners of the appliance and the top cap is then placed over the appliance and the four corner posts. Two tensile straps are then fastened around the package. Each tensile strap passes around the top and bottom and along two of the corner posts. Optionally, where the package is of the BASILOID flange type a third strap may be passed horizontally around the top to provide the support for that flange.

Abstract: Waste cellulosic paper products, for example, old corrugated containers are recycled employing oxygen delignification in the presence of an alkaline material to produce a recycled pulp of lower kappa number, while maintaining adequate strength in the pulp. The recycling process preferably employs an acid pretreatment in combination with the oxygen delignification, and exposure of the waste product to the alkaline material is preferably controlled so that at any point in the delignification the waste product is exposed to not more than 50%, by dry weight, of the alkaline material based on the weight of residual lignin in the waste paper product.

Abstract: A method for making gypsum wall board in which during the production of the board pressure is applied to a portion or all of the board surface to reshape, compress and densify the gypsum core to change the shape or contour the face surface of the gypsum board. The pressure must be applied in a systematic fashion to avoid creating lateral shifting or shear stresses in the gypsum core or between the core and paper surface to avoid destroying the paper to gypsum core band. The method can be used to product a cross taper at the cut ends of the board, to produce a decoratively shaped board surface and to densify the entire board core for special gypsum board applications.

Abstract: Waste cellulosic material, for example corrugated paperboard is cooked in an aqueous alkaline cooking liquor to produce a brownstock pulp having a kappa number lower than that of the waste material; combustion of organic materials in the brownstock washing liquor provides heat energy which can be recovered for use in the cooking process and residual inorganic chemicals of the liquor can be employed to prepare fresh cooking liquor; the recycled pulp can be employed as the sole pulp component of brown paper products, or can be bleached to provide a pulp for white paper products.

Abstract: A method for making a shaped product comprising exploded bark. Preferably the shaped product comprises exploded softwood bark having at least 23% cellulose and at least 18% lignin and polyphenols content, based upon the dry weight basis of the bark. One of the methods to make the shaped product comprises exploding softwood bark to obtain exploded softwood bark having at least 23% cellulose and at least 18% lignin and polyphenols content, compressing that exploded bark into a shaped product, while removing in part water, and drying the shaped product to remove the remaining water.

Abstract: The corrosion inhibiting systems comprise at least one of the following: sodium fluorophosphate, and a water soluble salt of phosphonic acid derivatives having the general formula R.sub.n R.sub.1 N(CH.sub.2 PO.sub.3 H.sub.2).sub.2-n wherein R.sub.n and R.sub.1 are each independently selected from a member selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aminoalkyl and N-hydroxyalkyl and n is an integer selected from 1 and 0. The methods comprise laying on a surface a system as defined above. The invention also discloses deicers, paints and other corrosion inhibitors in numerous carriers. Products containing at least residual amounts of a system as defined above are also disclosed.

Abstract: In the improved gypsum board in accordance with this invention, the board has a gypsum core and first and second cover sheets of fibrous material on opposing faces. The core has a first stratum parallel to and adjacent the first cover sheet. This stratum does not contain any fibers of the fibrous material. This first stratum has relatively few voids and a substantially greater density than the central portion of the core of the board. The central portion of the core has a plurality of relatively large discrete voids substantially uniformly distributed throughout the central portion of the core. These voids have substantially spherical coherent walls.

Abstract: In the improved gypsum board in accordance with this invention, the board has a gypsum core and first and second cover sheets of fibrous material on opposing faces. The core has a first stratum parallel to and adjacent the first cover sheet. This stratum does not contain any fibers of the fibrous material. This first stratum has relatively few voids and a substantially greater density than the central portion of the core of the board. The central portion of the core has a plurality of relatively large discrete voids substantially uniformly distributed throughout the central portion of the core. These voids have substantially spherical coherent walls.