Abstract: A composition comprising a three dimensional substantially carbon or inorganic structural element suitable for high temperature use and a tin oxide-containing coating thereon.

Abstract: A porous membrane comprising a porous substrate and a tin oxide-containing material in contact with at least a portion of the porous substrate.

Abstract: A process for chemically modifying at least one contaminant component in an aqueous-based material comprising: contacting at least one contaminant component in an aqueous-based material with at least one metal component selected from the group consisting of vanadium components in which vanadium is present in the 5+ oxidation state in an amount effective to promote the chemical modification of the at least one contaminant component in the aqueous-based material, iron components in which iron is present in the 3+ oxidation state in an amount effective to promote the chemical modification of the at least one contaminant component in the aqueous-based material, manganese components in which manganese is present in the 3+ oxidation state in an amount effective to promote the chemical modification of the at least one contaminant component in said aqueous-based material and mixtures thereof, and at least one oxygen transfer agent in an amount effective to do at least one of the following: maintain at least partially

Abstract: A composition comprising an acid resistant substrate coated with electrically conductive, fluoride ion doped tin oxide.

Abstract: An assembled battery including a plurality of bipolar cells is disclosed. In one embodiment, the battery comprises a plurality of conduits for introducing electrolyte into the bipolar cells, each of the conduits acting to introduce electrolyte into a different one of the bipolar cells. In another embodiment, the battery comprises at least one spacer element acting to maintain the spacing between plates and/or electrodes in the battery.

Abstract: A resistance heating element includes a three dimensional substrate having and electrically conductive tin oxide-containing coating on at least a portion of all three dimensions thereof, the coated substrate being adapted and structured to provide heat upon the application of an electrical potential across the coated substrate.

Abstract: A process for chemically modifying at least one component of a hydrocarbon-based material comprising: contacting the hydrocarbon-based material with at least one metal component selected from the group consisting of vanadium components in which vanadium is present in the 5+ oxidation state in an amount effective to promote the chemical modification of at least one component of the hydrocarbon-based material, iron components in which iron is present in the 3+ oxidation state in an amount effective to promote the chemical modification of at least one component of the hydrocarbon-based material, managanese components in which manganese is present in the 3+ oxidation state in an amount effective to promote the chemical modification of at least one component of the hydrocarbon-based material and mixtures thereof, and at least one oxygen transfer agent in an amount effective to do at least one of the following: maintain at least partially the promoting activity of the metal component; produce at least a portion of

Abstract: The invention relates to alkaline resistant glasses, particularly glass fibers, which comprise silica, calcia and at least one lanthanide series metal oxide effective to enhance the alkali resistance of the glasses.

Abstract: In a method for producing a battery element useful as at least a positive plate in a lead-acid battery, the element comprising a fluid impervious, electrically conductive matrix having mutually opposing first and second surfaces and positive active electrode material associated with the first surface of the matrix, the improvement which comprises:conditioning the first surface to enhance the association of the positive active electrode material and the first surface; andapplying and associating the positive active electrode material to the first surface.

Abstract: A battery element useful as at least a portion of the positive plates of a lead-acid battery comprises an acid resistant substrate coated with electrically conductive doped tin oxide. This battery element may also be used in the bipolar plates of a lead-acid battery.

Abstract: A process for at least one of (1) recovering at least one first metal other than manganese from a first ore containing reducible manganese, and (2) recovering at least one second metal from a second ore containing the second metal and at least one metal sulfide of a metal other than the second metal and manganese; the process comprising at least one of: (A) contacting the first ore with an aqueous composition and a material containing at least one metal sulfide in the presence of a metal redox couple more positive than about +0.1 versus the standard hydrogen electrode, W. M.

Abstract: A process for treating a first metal, manganese-containing ore comprising contacting the manganese-containing ore with an aqueous, acidic composition and a material containing at least one metal sulfide at conditions effective to (1) chemically reduce at least a portion of the manganese, (2) solubilize at least a portion of the metal from the metal sulfide, and (3) at least partially liberate the first metal from the ore; and recovering the first metal from the ore. The use of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans and/or added ferric ion in the contacting step are also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for recovering at least one first metal from a metal sulfide-containing ore comprising contacting the ore with an aqueous, acidic composition and at least one reducible manganese-containing material at conditions effective (1) to chemically reduce the manganese, (2) solubilize at least a portion of the metal from the sulfide, and (3) at least partially liberate the first metal from the ore; and recovering the first metal from the ore. The use of added ferric ion and/or Thiobacillus ferrooxidans bacteria in the above-noted contacting is also disclosed.

Abstract: A battery element useful as at least a portion of the positive plates of a lead-acid battery comprises an acid resistant substrate coated with electrically conductive doped tin oxide. This battery element may also be used in the bipolar plates of a lead-acid battery.

Abstract: A battery element useful as at least a portion of the positive plates in a lead-acid battery comprises: an acid resistant substrate at least partially coated with an electrically conductive coating; and a fluid impervious matrix layer having mutually opposing first and second surfaces situated such that at least a portion of the coated substrate is embedded in the matrix layer which comprises polymer having increased polarity relative to polypropylene. This battery element may also be used in the bipolar plates of a lead-acid battery.