Abstract: A method and an apparatus for predicting intake manifold pressure are presented, to compensate for a large lag or a large time delay without producing an overshot or discontinuous behaviors of a predicted value. The method comprises the step of obtaining a difference of values of a variable to be predicted and a difference of values of another variable ahead of the variable to be predicted. The method further comprises the step of filtering the differences with adaptive filters. The method further comprises the step of obtaining a predicted difference of values of the variable to be predicted, through algorithm of estimation with fuzzy reasoning. The method further comprises the step of adding the predicted difference of values of the variable to be predicted, to a current value of the variable to be predicted, to obtain a predicted value of the variable to be predicted.

Abstract: A power transmission comprises a belt type continuously variable ratio-change mechanism CVT and a fixed ratio rotational transmission mechanism GT, which transmit the rotational driving force of a primary shaft 1 rotationally driven by an engine to a countershaft 3 with a speed ratio change. The continuously variable ratio-change mechanism comprises a drive pulley 10, a driven pulley 15 and a metal belt 14 while the fixed ratio rotational transmission mechanism GT comprises a forward drive gear train, a forward output transmission gear train, and a reverse drive gear train. The forward drive gear train transmits the rotation of an input drive gear 31 on the primary shaft 1 through an idler gear 32 to a LOW driven gear 33 on a secondary shaft 2, and the forward output transmission gear train transmits the rotation of the secondary shaft 2 to the countershaft 3.

Abstract: A motorcycle antitheft system in which the motorcycle engine is rendered inoperable by mechanical restraint of the crankshaft. The crankshaft is housed in a crankcase which has two sections held together by bolts positioned in recesses in one of the sections. The antitheft system comprises a bore formed in the crankcase, a lock assembly mounted in the bore for axial movement therein between a locked position and an unlocked position, a rigid plunger secured to one end of the lock assembly extending toward the crankshaft and a toothed crankwheel mounted on the crankshaft. When the lock assembly is in the locked position, it passes through one of the bolt recesses in the crankcase, thereby blocking access to the bolt and preventing opening of the crankcase. Movement of the assembly to the locked position also extends the plunger into a space between teeth on the crankwheel to thereby prevent rotation of the crankwheel and crankshaft.