Abstract: Identified herein are inhibitors which may be added to the boiling pot portion of a distillation apparatus prior to or during the distillation of an alkylene carbonate. The inhibitors retard the occurrence of undesirable reactions of the alkylene carbonate with itself and impurities present in the pot, and hence greatly reduce or minimize the formation of undesirable by-products which otherwise tend to reduce overall yields of alkylene carbonate recovered by the distillation process. Higher distillation temperatures at higher pressures over the prior art are possible without attendant losses of significant amounts of recovered alkylene carbonate, which confers heretofore unseen flexibility in alkylene carbonate distillation.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a process for providing tertiary amine products which are color-stable, and have a greatly reduced tendency to take on color during their storage. According to the invention, an ethyleneamine derivative is added to the distillation pot prior to or during the distillation of the tertiary amine product. Preferably, the ethyleneamine derivative has a higher boiling point than the desired tertiary amine product so as to preclude the ethyleneamine from distilling over with the tertiary amine.

Abstract: Provided herein are amine blends which may be used in place of N-aminoethyl piperazine as accelerator in the curing reaction of epoxy resins.

Abstract: This invention is directed to lubricating compositions which contain detergent components derived from linear alkylbenzenes including sulfonates and salts and esters thereof. Detergents provided by the invention have a higher content of the 2-phenyl alkylbenzene isomers than was previously available in materials of prior art. The detergents of the present invention are more powerful detergents over those previously available and may be employed as additives in various lubricating compositions, including motor oils, cutting fluids, emulsions, and motor fuels.

Abstract: This invention is directed to detergent compositions which employ sulfonated linear alkylbenzenes as surfactants, wherein the sulfonated linear alkylbenzenes have a higher content of the sulfonated 2-phenyl alkylbenzene isomers than was previously available in sulfonated phenyl alkylbenzene surfactants of the prior art. Cleaning compositions according to the invention are more effective as cleaning agents over their counterparts of prior art which contain sulfonated linear alkylbenzenes having lower contents of the 2-phenyl alkylbenzene isomers, owing to an unexpected increase in tolerance of water hardness minerals normally associated with precipitation of the active detergent agent. Solid sulfonate salts of alkylbenzenes are also provided, including dry formulations containing same.

Abstract: The present invention provides a more economical method of producing multifunctional carbonate resins. It overcomes the disadvantage of using relatively expensive starting material, such as polyglycidyl ethers, that have traditionally been used. The present invention makes use of readily available and inexpensive multi-isocyanate compounds reacted with organic carbonates that contain pendant hydroxyl groups to produce products that contain two or more carbonate functionalities. One form of the present invention is a method for preparing a carbonate urethane compound by reacting a carbonate containing compound that also contains a reactive hydroxyl group with a compound containing at least two isocyanate groups. The reaction is performed in a solvent and in the presence of a base.

Abstract: Anionic surfactant compositions containing alkoxylated amines and having enhanced detergent performance. The compositions may be formulated with anionic surfactants such as alkylbenzene sulfonates having cations that may be exchanged with, for example, ethoxylated amine and/or ethoxylated ether amine to form a salt.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a fluorine-containing mordenite catalyst and use thereof in the manufacture of alkylbenzene (LAB) by alkylation of benzene with an olefin. The olefin may have from about 10 to 14 carbons. The fluorine-containing mordenite is prepared typically by treatment with an aqueous hydrogen fluoride solution. The benzene alkylation may be conducted using reactive distillation. This invention is also directed to a process for production of LAB having a high 2-phenyl isomer content by use of the fluorine-containing mordenite in conjunction with a conventional solid LAB alkylation catalyst. The two catalysts may be used in a mixed catalyst bed or may be packed in series, with the relative proportions being adjusted to provide a desired 2-phenyl isomer content of in the final product.

Abstract: The present invention includes methods and compositions for the removal of coatings such as paint from surfaces. The methods of the present invention are typically conducted between about 45° C. and about 75° C., and the compositions typically contain a carbonate, a dibasic ester, a pyrrolidine, a mono-ester. The formulations of the present invention typically exhibit a high efficacy in the removal of paint while having a low level of toxicity.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions useful for inhibiting the formation of gummy residues on equipment in processing operations which liberate tiny adhesive particles having a tendency to agglomerate into larger particles and/or films. The compositions comprise a complex or adduct formed from styrene/methacrylic acid copolymer and calcium ions. The compositions according to the invention may be added to a processing system at any point, either upstream or downstream from the location at which residues are formed. Compositions according to the invention may be applied by spray techniques.

Abstract: This invention concerns a method for the preparation of polyurea elastomers, comprising: (a) reacting an amine chain extender with dialkyl maleate to form an aspartic ester, wherein the chain extender has a molar amount of amine groups that is greater than the moles of dialkyl maleate; (b) blending the aspartic ester with one or more polyoxyalkyleneamines to prepare a resin blend; (c) contacting the resin blend with an isocyanate under conditions effective to form a polyurea elastomer. This invention concerns a method for the preparation of polyurethane elastomers, comprising: (a) reacting an diamine chain extender with dialkyl maleate or fumarate, wherein the mole ratio of primary amine functionality in the diamine chain extender to dialkyl maleate or fumarate is more than 1:1; (b) coating a substrate with effective film forming amounts of the product of step (a), an isocyanate, and a polyhydroxyl compound under conditions effective to form a the polyurethane elastomer.

Abstract: Drilling fluid additives that act to control clay swelling in drilled formations without adversely effecting the properties of the drilling fluid. The drilling fluid additives preferably comprise a polyether amine, a polyether amine derivative, or mixtures thereof Drilling fluids that comprise such drilling fluid additives and a method of reducing clay swelling in drilled formations are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compositions comprising organic anhydrides having a reduced tendency to discolor with time, even when held at elevated temperatures for extended times. The compositions are produced by mixing at least one acid halide and various derivatives of hydroxy carboxylic acids with an anhydride to form a homogenous solution. Also disclosed is a process for preparing the compositions.

Abstract: Provided herein are sulfosuccinamates made using polyetheramines as intermediates. The sulfosuccinamates according to the invention exhibit excellent detergency when employed in formulations used as hard surface cleaners, laundry detergents, and dishwashing liquids. In addition, the sulfosuccinamates according to the invention have an unexpectedly high degree of water hardness tolerance, and are easier to produce than similar materials found in the prior art owing to the fact that the product and its intermediates exist in liquid form.

Abstract: Provided herein are catalysts useful in reductive amination, which include nickel, copper, zirconium and/or chromium, oxygen, and tin. The presence of the tin increases the selectivity of the catalyst in reductive aminations over the catalysts of the prior art.

Abstract: Propylene carbonate based cleaning compositions. The compositions comprise propylene carbonate, a glycol ether, water, and an acid activator. The compositions may optionally also comprise hydrogen peroxide. The present invention also provides for a method of removing a soil from a hard surface, wherein a cleaning composition comprising propylene carbonate, a glycol ether, water, and an acid activator is applied to the hard surface. After application of the cleaning composition, the soil is removed from the hard surface without the exertion of mechanical force.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compositions comprising organic anhydrides having a reduced tendency to discolor with time, even when held at elevated temperatures for extended times. The compositions are produced by mixing at least one acid halide and various derivatives of hydroxy carboxylic acids with an anhydride to form a homogenous solution. Also disclosed is a process for preparing the compositions.

Abstract: This invention concerns a composition useful as a paint remover, comprising: alkylene carbonate such as propylene carbonate or ethylene carbonate, hydrogen peroxide, and water, and optionally an alcohol such as benzyl alcohol. In another broad respect, this invention concerns a process for removing paint, comprising: applying a composition containing alkylene carbonate, hydrogen peroxide, and water to a painted surface for a time and under conditions effective to cause blistering or bubbling of the paint. In another broad respect, this invention is a composition useful as a paint remover, comprising: dialkyl carbonate, hydrogen peroxide, and water, optionally containing an alcohol, optionally containing a glycol ether. In another broad respect, this invention is a process for removing paint, comprising: applying a composition containing dialkyl carbonate, hydrogen peroxide, and water to a painted surface for a time and under conditions effective to cause blistering or bubbling of the paint.

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward effective photoresist stripping compositions that are less corrosive and do not cause skin irritation. One form of the present invention is a composition useful as a photoresist remover that includes an alkylene carbonate, and one or more additional components chosen from the group that includes alkyl hydrogen peroxides, hydroxyalkyl ureas, urea-hydrogen peroxides, N-substituted morpholines and alcohols. Another form of the present invention is a composition for removing photoresist from a surface that includes an N-substituted morpholine.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compositions comprising organic anhydrides having a reduced tendency to discolor with time, even when held at elevated temperatures for extended times. The compositions are produced by mixing at least one acid halide and various derivatives of hydroxy carboxylic acids with an anhydride to form a homogenous solution. Also disclosed is a process for preparing the compositions.