Abstract: A method of manufacturing high-temperature-resistant shaped parts of an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy containing 2-10 wt % aluminum, 10-40 wt % chromium, and the balance basically iron is provided. According to this method, the composition in powdered form is hot isostatically pressed to a predetermined shape to form a product. Optionally, the product may be pre-oxidized to form a protective layer of aluminum oxide on a surface thereof.

Abstract: An electrically heated furnace includes an inner furnace chamber provided with heating elements of stabilized zirconium dioxide, and an outer furnace chamber in which further heating elements that can work at temperatures above 1800.degree. C. in an oxygen-containing atmosphere are provided. The outer heating elements are conveniently of a molybdenum silicide type, for instance elements marketed under the designation KANTHAL Super. Those walls that define the inner furnace chamber are made of zirconium dioxide material or some other suitable material that has a low specific thermal conductivity and that is capable of withstanding the high working temperature and the occurrent temperature swings. The outer furnace chamber, which completely surrounds the inner furnace chamber, is separated from the surroundings by conventional walls insulated, e.g., with ceramic fibres and/or high-temperature durable brick.

Abstract: An electrical resistance element of the molybdenum silicide type including at least one hot zone and at least two lead-in conductors. The hot zone includes an homogenous silicide material that contains molybdenum and tungsten having the chemical formula Mo.sub.x W.sub.1-x Si.sub.2, where x is between 0.5 and 0.75. From 10% to 40% of the total of the silicide material is replaced with at least one of the compounds molybdenum boride or tungsten boride; those compounds are present in the silicide material in particle form.

Abstract: Heat radiation tubes for furnaces and the like heating devices, mainly for industrial processes.Heating can be obtained by electrical heating elements or by combustion for example of gas. The radiation tube is a circular tube having end walls, flanges etc. as required.The radiation tube is a seam-less tube made from iron-chromium-aluminum thereby greatly reducing oxide spalling and enhancing strength thereof at high temperatures. Preferably the tubes are made by extrusion whereby conditions are chosen to provide a rough surface with grooves and ridges which further improves the adhesion of the oxide layer.

Abstract: A furnace for cracking of hydrocarbons, comprising one or several tubes through which the hydrocarbons flow during intensive heating and subsequent cracking. The starting material for the process can be e.g. naphtha or propane, mixed with a small amount of steam. When gases flow through the tube or tubes in the furnace, its temperature is increased up to about 850.degree. C. In order to achieve this, the temperature in the furnace compartment is 1100.degree.-1200.degree. C., and the temperature of the gases in the tubes in the furnace can then exceed 1100.degree. C. The tubes are made from an alloy comprising 15-30 weight % chromium, 3-10 weight % aluminum, the remainder of the composition being mainly iron. This alloy allows significant extension of the possible duration of operation without exchange of the tubes. A further improvement can be achieved by the formation on the inner walls of the tubes of a layer of aluminum oxide, obtained by oxidation of the tubes before the furnace is first used.

Abstract: The invention is for a flat electrical heating resistance element, so called foil elements. Elements according to the invention can be used for many purposes, however, it is specially intended for use as heating elements for water beds. The object of the invention is to minimize the electromagnetic fields caused by the elements. The influence of such magnetic fields on humans is on the whole unknown why there is a common desire that the strength of these magnetic fields shall be as low as possible in order to minimize effects, if any. Heating elements according to the invention have electrical resistance wire or band placed in loops on a plastic foil surface, whereby the loops have four with each other parallel conductors, electrically connected so that in any given moment the direction of the current in the two outer conductors are in the same direction and in the two inner conductors in the same direction opposite to the outer conductors.

Abstract: A forehearth for transport of molten glass, characterized in that cooling surfaces of a material having a high heat conductivity, particularly a metallic material, are disposed in the roof of the forehearth. The metallic material may be an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy having fifteen to thirty percent by weight of chromium, three to twelve percent by weight of aluminum, and a balance of essentially iron.

Abstract: A foil element for the electric heating of objects comprises a resistance heating coil placed between insulating plastic foils and a sensor coil placed between the plastic foils beside the heating coil. The sensor and heating coils are formed of the same metallic material. The sensor coil is spaced sufficiently far from the heating coil to assure that the sensor coil is heated mainly by heat flowing to or from the object being heated and only slightly by heat directly from the heating coil. The electric resistance of the sensor coil is sensed to determine the temperature thereof. The heating coil is controlled in accordance with the temperature of the sensor coil.

Abstract: A terminal for electrical resistance heating elements, comprising a thin, resistance thread of a highly temperature resistant material, particularly MoSi.sub.2, which at least one end thereof has a lead-in electrode of a material having a better conductivity than that of the resistance heating element and having a greater cross-sectional area than that of the resistance thread.The terminal comprises an outer thin-walled sheating of stainless steel, one end of which is shaped as a sleeve and the other end of which is flattened into a flat connecting tongue having a transverse bore. The sheating contains a filling of aluminum wherein one end of the resistance thread is molten in.

Abstract: Thermal protective shield to be used in connection with hot gases in engines, particularly for the combustion of solid, liquid or gaseous fuels or in e.g. Stirling engines driven by solar energy. The thermal protective shield consists of a multi-layer material, wherein at least two layers are joined to each other over a surface corresponding to the entire surface exposed to the hot gases, and wherein the outer layer facing the hot gas consits of an alloy of the type iron-chrome-aluminium. Preferably, the layers are joined together by hot-rolling.

Abstract: Method of manufacturing two loop-formed metal foil elements (1,2) intended to serve as electrical resistance heating elements. Starting from a unitary metal foil, possibly enclosed by plastic foils, at least two complementarily extending loop elements, one inside the other.

Abstract: Suspension device for electric resistor elements (5) in furnaces. A rod element (4) is horizontally arranged and is supported by consoles (2,3) at a distance from the furnace walls (1). The resistor element (5) is suspended on the rod element (4) and forms dense winding coils hanging freely from the rod element substantially in a flattened helical configuration.

Abstract: A heat resistant machine component, e.g. a gas turbine blade, a vane or the like, for use in a hot-gas atmosphere, especially under dynamic mechanical strain. The engine component comprises a core body consisting of a heat resistant material and a surface layer sprayed thereon and constituted by a composite material. The composite material consists on the one hand of an alloy component containing 1 to 12% Al, namely preferably 3 to 8% Al, 10 to 30% Cr, small quantities of one or more elements in the group Si, Mn, Co, Y and Hf, and the balance Fe, and on the other hand a small quantity of an oxide component containing Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and possibly one or more oxides of the remaining metals of the alloy component, wherein the pores and the oxide component form elongated, narrow regions, which partly surround or cover the alloy component. The surface layer is applied by flame or arc spraying under a controlled minor oxidation.

Abstract: A metallic layer is applied to a substrate by flame spraying or arc spraying an alloy containing iron, chromium, and aluminum onto a substrate under conditions sufficient to produce a deposited layer containing from 10 to 30% by weight chromium, 1 to 12% by weight aluminum, 0.008 to 0.025% by weight nitrogen, 0.01 to 1.25% by weight oxygen predominantly as oxides of aluminum, iron, and chromium, with the balance substantially iron.

Abstract: A device for collecting chains or the like in a manner suitable for storage and/or transport. A chain guide is adapted to be displaced, while the chain is fed, e.g., from a chain manufacturing plant, over a collection station along a cyclically repeated movement path, so that the chain hanging freely from the chain guide is laid down at the collection station in a number of well-defined loops.

Abstract: An apparatus replaceably carries an electrical resistance element for a furnace. The electrical element is of serpentine configuration having a plurality of U-shaped portions. At least one plate-shaped carrying element is mechanically fastened in a block of ceramic fibrous material. The carrying element includes a plurality of through-passages into which the U-shaped portions of the electrical element are inserted. The through-passages each include side walls and transverse walls which restrain movement of the electrical element in all directions except a direction in which the electrical element is inserted and removed. The carrying element is spaced from the adjacent curved segments of the U-shaped portions. The electrical element terminates in elongated terminals which are carried by a plug of fibrous ceramic material. The electrical element is situated within a recess of the ceramic block.

Abstract: An electrical tubular element with an outer, metallic casing (1) surrounding a resistor element (2) of a Fe-Cr-Al alloy embedded in an insulating material (3), is given improved durability by adding to the resistor alloy Y, Hf, Sc or one or more lanthanides in an amount of 0.01-1 percent by weight.

Abstract: Electrical heating furnaces for the treatment, e.g., of steel are provided with MoSi.sub.2 -based resistance elements without an outer protective layer, even in the presence of a non-oxidating protective gas, for operation at about 800.degree. to 1400.degree. C.

Abstract: A resilient snap-on electric heating jacket for heating tubular objects includes a thin sheet of flexible plastic material constituting a radially internal curved surface adapted to engage the surface of the object. A pattern of spaced electrically conductive loops are formed on the radially external surface of the sheet to define an electric heating element. A thick resilient support member of polymeric material coextensive with and overlying the external surface of the plastic sheet and the foil loops is directly secured to the external surface portions of the foil loops and the plastic sheet by an autogenous bond to form a unitary structure generally C-shaped in cross section and capable of being snapped onto a tubular object the outer diameter of which corresponds approximately to the inner diameter of the profile of the unitary structure. The profile of the support member encloses an angle between 180.degree. and 270.degree. and preferably between 200.degree. and 250.degree..