Abstract: Method for the measurement of the difference in the optical properties dependent on the light direction of two samples (1,2), in which method one or several sources of light (3 to 6) as well as one light detector (7) are used. According to the invention, both of the samples (1, 2) are illuminated simultaneously and from both samples (1, 2) the light is passed simultaneously to the light detector (7). The lights to be measured from the samples (1, 2) have different directions in relation to the sample. The directions of the lights to be measured from the samples (1, 2) are alternated with each other at an appropriate frequency, such as a frequency within the range of 1 c/s to 10,000 c/s. The AC signal given by the light detector (7) is used as a measure of the difference in some optical property dependent on the direction of light between the samples, such as, e.g.

Abstract: A pipette with adjustable volume, which pipette comprises a frame portion (1) shaped as a handle, a cylinder (2) being formed inside the said frame portion, as well as a piston (3) fitted into the cylinder by means of a seal ring (7), a piston rod (4) connected to the piston (3), as well as a press knob (5) with shaft (6), fitted at the upper end of the frame portion (1). By turning the said press knob (5), a sleeve (20), which determines the upper position of the piston (3) and which is non-rotable in relation to the frame portion (1) of the pipette, can be displaced, by means of a threaded joint (20), upwards or downwards relative the shaft (6) of the knob so as to adjust the volume of the pipette. The pipettable volume can be read numerically through an opening or window (40) in the pipette frame (1) by means of a series of rings consisting of numbered disc-shaped rings ( 31, 39).

Abstract: The subject of the invention is a pipette which comprises a frame portion (1) shaped as a handle, a cylinder being formed inside the frame portion (1), as well as a piston (5) fitted into the cylinder by means of a seal ring (7), a piston rod (4) connected to the piston (3), as well as a press knob (5) with shaft (6), fitted at the upper end of the frame portion (1). Around the shaft (6) of the press knob (5), a calibration sleeve (9) is fitted by means of a threaded joint (8), by means of which calibration sleeve (9) the lower limit of the movement of the piston (3) during pipetting can be determined. According to the invention, the calibration sleeve (9), as surrounded by the mantle (10) of the hollow press knob (5) and by the upper part of the pipette frame (1), is placed at a distance both from the mantle (10) of the press knob (5) and from the inner face of the cover of the upper part of the pipette frame (1).

Abstract: Method and apparatus for the measurement of properties of a liquid present in a vessel (2), for example for the measurement of the absorbance of a liquid, of the properties of an agglutination, precipitate (4) or any other reaction result placed on the bottom of a vessel, by means of radiation and of a detector (3) receiving radiation while the vessel moves along with a rotor revolving around the vertical axis (15) of a centrifuge. Thereby the beam of measurement (5) coming from the source of radiation (1) passes substantially horizontally and the intensity of the radiation passing through, or reflected from, the contents of the vessel is measured.

Abstract: A code system for the identification of a sample group to be measured in a multi-channel photometer or in any other multi-channel analysis equipment, e.g. in a spectrophotometer, fluorometer, luminometer, turbidometer, nefelometer, cell counter, or isotope counter. The samples to be measured have been fitted in the matrix form into cuvette sets, sets of test tubes, or pit plates, and the measurement takes place preferably in the vertical direction. The sample group to be measured is provided with a related code piece, such as a code plate, containing the measurement points to be ready by means of the analysis equipment. According to the invention, the measurement points of the code piece are in the same order and with the same relative distances as compared with the measurement channels of the said multi-channel photometer or any other multi-channel analysis equipment, or with a part of or a multiple of said channels.

Abstract: A set of cuvettes the side walls of whose cuvettes (2) are provided with a layer (29) of material that prevents measurement radiation and/or light (22) directed at the walls from passing through the side walls. The layer (29) inhibiting the passage of the measurement radiation may be placed on the inside face and/or on the outside face of the side walls of the cuvettes (2). When the inside face of the measurement window (16) in the cuvettes (2) is coated with a thin layer (34) of the material contained in the side walls of the cuvettes and preventing the passage of radiation, the layer of coating on the measurement window is, however, so thin that it allows the passage of the major part of the radiation through the window.

Abstract: A method for the detection of hemoglobin or decomposition products of hemoglobin in feces. Human hemoglobin is isolated from the sample by means of an immunological reaction, i.e. a reaction between an antibody and an antigen, by using an antibody specific for human hemoglobin and attached to the solid phase. The human hemoglobin bound to the antibody is established hereupon.

Abstract: The invention is a filter device for the filtration of radiation in a device for measuring radiation. The filter device comprises several different filters fitted into one detachable disk. The filter device comprises a magnet which is placed at a vertical plane passing through the center axis of the filter disk, not higher than at the level of the center axis. The filter disk includes a second magnet placed at the center axis of the disk. The opposite poles of these two magnets are arranged as facing towards each other.